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However, the quality of the copper film deposited by this method is poor. In order to resolve this problem, we study the influence of some additives on two different kinds of electroless copper plating which using sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent and sodium citrate as chelating agent, sodium citrate and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA·2Na). Electrochemical methods were used to test the anodic and cathodal polarization processes which can explain the mechanism of the influence of additives.

然而该体系所得的铜膜质量较差，为此我们研究了以次磷酸钠为还原剂，分别以柠檬酸钠为单一络合剂，柠檬酸钠和乙二胺四乙酸二钠为双络合剂体系中，研究了几种添加剂对化学镀铜的影响，并通过电化学方法研究了各种添加剂对化学镀铜沉积电位的影响。

Activation with dilute chloric acid or sulfuric acid solution was adopted as pretreatment of traditional citric gold plating .

传统的柠檬酸盐镀金工艺前处理采用稀盐酸或稀硫酸活化，活化液可能被带入镀金溶液，造成SO2-4、Cl-积累，严重影响柠檬酸镀金溶液的稳定性和镀层质量。

This paper presents the newest research results on rare earth element additives to chrome plating in chromic acid bath.

对稀土镀铬添加剂的最新研究成果进行了系统的介绍，并就目前应用情况，阐述了今后研究工作中需要进一步探讨的问题。

CoAPO-5 molecular sieve was hydrothermally synthesized using pseudo-boebmite, phosphoric acid (85%), tetrahydrate cobaltous acetate as raw material and N, N-diehtyl-ethanolamine as tern- plating agent.

以拟薄水铝石、质量分数85%的正磷酸、四水合醋酸钻为原料，N， N-二乙基乙醇胺为模板剂，水热法合成了CoAPO-5分子筛。

The results show that the rare earth element Ce can codeposit with cobalt-base alloy, and with increase of mass added of Ce in solution, the content of Co, Ni, Ce in alloy increases and the content of B decreases. Ce can increase plating rate of alloy in some range of content. The rare earth makes deposition potential mve in positive direction and polarizability decrease.

结果表明，在水溶液中稀土元素Ce可以与钴基合金实现共沉积，且随着镀液中Ce的浓度的增大，合金镀层中Ce、Co和Ni的含量逐渐升高，B含量降低；且Ce在一定范围内能够明显提高合金的沉积速度；稀土还使Co-Ni-B合金的析出电位发生了正移，减小了极化度。

In view of the weaknesses of silver deposits such as low hardness, poor wear resistance and electric contact property, nano crystal diamond particles were added into plating bath to codeposit with silver.

采用具有纳米晶织构的金刚石微粒强化银基电接触复合镀层。

The rate capability of the alloys is improved after plating, due to the fine particles formed through hydrogen crisping and the nickel layer contributed to the conductivity of electrodes.

镀镍层有利于贮氢合金氢化物电极大电流放电，这种作用源于微包覆过程中氢脆引起合金颗粒的细化与表面镀层增强了电极的导电性。

Using the wasted cyanic copper-plating bath and electrolytic tank of new type designed by ourselves, to approach varieties of factors influencing upon the effect of de-cyaniding.

讨论了电解法处理含氰废水的原理，利用实际含氰镀铜废液和自行设计的新型电解槽，探讨了各种因素对脱氰效果的影响。

Because it is a good plating layers of titanium and therefore will never decolorization.

因为是镀了好几层钛金的，因此永远也不会脱色。

The surface action mechanism of sodium polydithio dipropyl sulfonate in acidic Cu plating bath indicates that the surface complex produced by adsorbed sodium polydithio dipropyl sulfonate and Cu + resists copper ions' electrodeposition.

酸性镀铜溶液中表面活性剂聚二硫二丙烷磺酸钠的表面作用机理表现为：吸附态的聚二硫二丙烷磺酸钠与Cu＋形成表面络合物阻化铜离子的电沉积。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。