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In this paper combined with practical works the bearing capacity of composite foundation of deep-mixing piles in adamic earth region is studied based upon BP network.

指出BP神经网络是一种旨在模仿人脑结构及其功能的信息处理系统，根据收集的工程实例，应用BP神经网络对红粘土地区深层搅拌桩复合地基的承载力进行了研究，分析探讨了各主要因素对地基承载力的影响，为其进一步的研究奠定了基础。

The studied factors respectively are: length of soil nailing, insert deepness of piles, friction force of soil nailing interface, declination angle of soil nailing, horizontal spacing of soil nailing, rows of soil nailing, unit weight of soil, friction angle, unit cohesion, overload of slope, diameter of soil nailing.

这11个因素分别为：土钉长度、土钉直径、土钉界面摩擦力、土钉下倾角、土钉水平间距、土钉排数、土体重度、内摩擦角、粘聚力、坡顶超载、板桩插入深度。

With the engineering data , the strut frame made of composed soil nails is analyzed with the program ababqus , and the effects of the distortion characters , the property of the deposition of the ground , the mechanical property of the soil nails , the variation of the length and the separation of the soil nails , and the diametric of the mixing piles on the strut frame made of composed soil nails , and the distortion property of the strut frame made of composed soil nails under different ground conditions

在总结前人的研究成果下，针对复合土钉墙构造的特点，建立了模拟复合土钉墙受力变形的计算模型，并结合工程实测资料，运用大型通用有限元程序ababqus对复合土钉墙进行了有限元分析，详细讨论了复合土钉支护结构开挖过程中的变形特性、地面沉降性状、土钉受力性状；土钉长度变化、土钉间距变化、搅拌桩桩径变化对复合土钉支护结构的影响；复合土钉支护结构在不同地基条件下的变形特性。

The flow control unit includes a plurality of mass flow controllers which are divided into a plurality of groups for the gas distribution of each channel; the humidifying unit is composed of humidifiers and shared constant-temperature oil bath, and the humidifiers are divided into a plurality of groups to humidify each channel; the signal acquisition unit is composed of a stress sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a data acquisition system; the temperature control unit heats the mono-cells or the electric piles to be tested of each channel through a plurality of ways, into which an external-cycle waterway is divided by a constant-temperature water tank; and the discharging unit adopts host plus module type electronic load to meet various test requirements through changing the combination of the modules.

流量控制单元含若干质量流量控制器分多组为每个通道配气；增湿单元由增湿器和共用的恒温油浴构成，增湿器分多组为每个通道增湿；信号采集单元由压力、温度、湿度传感器及数据采集系统组成；温控单元由恒温水槽通过外循环水路分多路给每个通道的测试单电池或电堆加热；放电单元采用主机+模块式电子负载，通过改变模块间的组合来达到不同的测试要求。

The main results of the investigation are as following:(1) Some important criteria for the design of multi-layer structure are acquired: the ratio of the layer thickness to the contact diameter should be controlled to a value about 0.8; increasing the number of the gradient layers and elasticity modulus of the top layer would benefit to the yield strength and the stress status at the interface.（2）By means of molecular dynamics simulations for a indentation and sliding process, it is discovered that dislocations of 45 direction to the surface occur in the surfaces layer, which is correspond to the direction of the plastic flows observed in the macroscopic continuous medium. The irreversible deformation caused by the dislocation and the atom piles at the surface are responsible for the irreversibility of the force response. They are also the main factors for the friction generation. The temperature and the indentation velocity have significant effects on the deformation behaviors of the material of the surface layer. The yield strength would increase obviously if the indentation velocity is greater than 10 m/s.（3）A method to evaluate the fracture toughness of coating by estimating the crack-density functionβof a Wicker''s indentation was proposed. Meanwhile a new surface treatment technology was developed using non-equilibrium plasma.（4）A MD-FE hybrid method and corresponding software was developed to analysis the tribological behaviors for multiplayer system.

研究主要内容和结果有：（1）得到指导梯度膜设计的几个准则：控制膜层厚度与接触半径比在0.8左右为宜；适当增加梯度层层数和顶层弹性模量，有利于提高抗屈服能力和改善界面处的应力状态；（2）通过对嵌入和滑动摩擦过程的分子动力学模拟，发现表层产生一个与宏观连续介质的塑性流动方向观测一致的45 方向位错；位错造成的不可逆变形和表面的原子堆积，是力的响应不可逆性的原因，也是构成摩擦力的主要因素；温度和嵌入速度对材料变形特性有显著的影响，当嵌入速度大于10 m/s时，屈服强度明显增加；（3）提出压痕裂纹密度系数β半定量判定膜层断裂韧性的方法；并开发出表面强化新工艺；（4）开发出分析表面摩擦学特性的MD-FE复合模拟方法和相应模拟软件。

The main results of the study are obtained as follows:1 In order to analyze and study the physical and mechanical characteristics of Lianyungang marine soft clay deeply, large numbers of basic mechanical characteristics tests and tri-axial shear tests are completed.2 In order to investigate the loaded and failure characteristics of the cement-soil, the cement-soils for the different ratio and different cure time are studied in the laboratory, and their unconfined compression tests and tri-axial shear tests are performed.3 Based on the solution of one-dimension consolidation, the one-dimension consolidation of the double-layered foundation is solved for two-grade loading in virtue of transcendental equation; Simultaneously, the one-dimension consolidation of the double-layered foundation is solved by means of Laplace transform for two-grade loading, and Stehfest numerical transform is applied in Laplace's inverse transformation; Furthermore, according to the practical foundation shapes, the consolidation models of the soil between piles and the substratum are built and solved respectively.4 The effect of each parameters on the consolidation of the double-layered foundation is discussed, and the solution of load transfer method for double-layered foundation is applied in A1-A4 section of Lian-Xu expressway. The results of calculating settlement of the double-layered consolidation theory are basic agreement with the measuring settlement results.

取得了以下几方面的研究成果：1针对连云港海相软土进行一维固结和三轴剪切试验，深入分析连云港海相软土的物理力学特性。2模拟水泥土搅拌桩施工，在室内制备不同配比、不同龄期的水泥土试样，并进行无侧限抗压试验和三轴剪切试验，揭示水泥土的受力特性及破坏特性。3运用超越方程，以双层地基一维固结解析解为基础，推导出二级加荷条件下双层地基的固结解析解；同时，通过荷载传递法并借助Laplace变换对双层地基的固结问题进行了数值求解；此外，根据实际的地基结构，建立了桩间土和下卧层的固结模型并分别进行求解分析。4分析探讨了双层地基中各参数对双层地基固结的影响程度，并运用荷载传递法的解答计算了连-徐高速公路A1-A4标水泥土搅拌桩处理段的六个断面，计算结果与实测数据有较好的一致性。

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Based on the load transmission mechanism of space truss, and referenced theanalysis of test materials, a formula for calculating the bearing capacity of reinforcedconcrete compression strut is introduced. By using the theory of plastic hinge-line, anupper limit solution of bent bearing capacity for four-pile cap, which coincidesprecisely with the practical measurements, is obtained. By utilizing the reaction ofthe soil under cap and by basing on the method of plastic ultimate analysis, an upperlimit solution of punching shear bearing capacity for pile cap is acquired, which. coincides precisely with the practical measurements, and the formula is similar to thecode.A brief discuss on cooperative work of strip beam of foundation and single rankof piles is made. Separately considering the pile-cap and the pile-group, thencoupling their matrix of rigidity, the inner force of pile-cap is solved by the numericalmethod under some reasonable supposition. In comparison with other method, thecalculating results are exact, reliable and convenient in using. The method provides apowerful tQol fOr further analysis and research on this kind of structure.

本文以空间桁架传力机理为基础，结合试验资料分析，推导了钢筋混凝土等边三桩承台受冲切承载力计算公式；根据塑性铰线理论，导得了与试验结果吻合良好的四桩承台受弯承载力的上限解；利用承台底土反力分布，根据塑性极限分析方法，导得了桩基承台受冲切承载力的上限解，在此基础上，通过简化假定，得到与规范公式相类似的承台受冲切承载力实用公式，该公式能方便考虑台底土反力作用，与试验结果的吻合程度比规范公式好；简要讨论了桩基条形承台梁与单排桩的协同工作分析；在一些合理假定的基础上，将承台与群桩分开考虑，分别得到其刚度矩阵后进行耦合，通过数值方法求解承台内力，算例表明，该方法结果准确，使用方便，为该类结构的进一步分析研究及工程设计提供了强有力的工具。

Directed against the problem on confirming vertical bearing capacity of large diameter cast-in-place pile in the west of coteau area of Yunnan province, the paper, analyses the influence degree of the variety of soil physics and mechanics property in area geology condition on bearing capacity of pile foundation, through 5 piles' loading test; the influence degree of construction technics on bearing capacity of pile foundation under the influence of every exterior factors; the influence degree of grouting injection around the pile shaft on bearing capacity of pile foundation.

本文针对滇西山区大直径灌注桩竖向承载力确定存在的问题，进行了5根试桩的静载荷试验，分析了区域地质条件下土的物理、力学性质的变化对桥梁桩基承载力的影响程度；地下水对桩承载力的影响程度；各种外部因素影响下，桩的施工工艺对桩承载力的影响程度；通过在桩体周围土中注浆对桩承载力的影响程度。

But some problems of designing including failure model of soils, the design of shape of screw piles, the computation of ultimate load for single screw pile or screw pile group, the reasonable ratio of diameter of lamina to pitch of screws or the distance of laminas were seldom researched.

但目前对于极限荷载条件下螺旋桩基础的地基破坏模式、桩型设计、单桩和群桩极限承载力的计算，以及合理的螺距与叶片直径比等问题的研究尚少，有待进一步完善。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。