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In addition,three types of larvae in this subfamily are proposed and the phylogenetic implications of this classification discussed.

另外，对叶甲亚科的幼虫形态进行了描述，总结出了叶甲亚科的3种幼虫类型，并对该亚科的演化进行了初步探讨。

Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships among 6 leopard cat populations from 3 subspecies in China were analyzed through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and mitochondrial DNA sequencing methods.

本文通过随机扩增多态性DNA技术和线粒体DNA序列分析技术，对豹猫3个亚种6个群体64个个体进行了遗传多样性和系统发育分析。

Entomologist and taxonomist paid much attention to the studies on the description of new species in past year. Less study on the phylogenetic of Apanteles Ferster was done. Many species of the genu are parasitods of small Lepidopteran pests. Most of them have more value in bio-Logical control.

绒茧蜂属Apanteles Foerster是茧蜂科Braconidae小腹茧蜂亚科Microgastrinae的一个重要的属，目前分类学家对绒茧蜂属ApanteJesFoerster的研究主要集中在新种的描述，而对其系统发育关系的研究还未见报道。

Phylogenetic tree derived from all known EPVs spheroidin gene indicates that the order of the EPV host is in relationship with the genus of corresponding EPV, which agrees with a recent point that "Lepidopteran EPVs and Orthopteran EPVs should be divided into two distinct genus".

对已知的几种昆虫痘病毒球状体蛋白基因做系统进化树，结果显示，以病毒寄主的昆虫分类目作为昆虫痘病毒的分属依据，更符合分子水平的分析结果，也与近年来许多学者所提出的"将鳞翅目与直翅目昆虫痘病毒分为2个不同的属"的观点相一致。

Based on the combined dataset of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 13 protein coding genes,using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of fifteen species of lepidopteran insects,The resulst showed the same topologies and supported a close relationship between the Geometroidea,Noctuoidea and Bombycoidea.This result deviates from the traditional view.

基于线粒体基因组13个蛋白质编码基因的核苷酸序列及氨基酸序列的联合数据集构建了15种鳞翅目昆虫的系统树，采用BI和ML分析方法建树，所得拓扑结构类似，都显示蚕蛾总科，尺蠖蛾总科和夜蛾总科关系较近，结果与前人研究的结果不完全一致。

In comparison of the NS gene analysis, changes of the amino acid sequences are lesser than those in the HA gene. The phylogenetic analysis of NS gene is not form different linage between B/Taiwan/3143/97 and B/Taiwan/21706/97, and all isolates were closed to each other.

由HA基因序列的比较中发现，新的分离株的突变位置与B/Taiwan/3143/97大部分都类似，但突变点相较之下数目较少；而在演化树的分析中，新的分离株会与B/Taiwan/3143/97聚集，形成一新的群集。

Molecular phylogenetic tree supported that Viverrine was polyphyletic, and implied spotted linsang perhaps was basal and mostly specified to other Viverridae species in China.

使用邻接法、最大似然法重建的分子系统树显示：斑林狸从灵猫亚科中分离出来，支持灵猫亚科的多系起源，而且斑林狸可能是中国起源最早且最特化的灵猫科动物。

Changes in topology of phylogenetic tree were detected with Maximum likelihood method.

地缘分析表明D11092是基因重组的产物，而D11093极有可能是实验室内发生的重组。

A model and an algorithm were provided for constructing phylogenetic tree based on the principle of maximum likelihood estimate.

利用最大似然估计原理，给出了构建系统发生树的模型和算法。

All results from morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization, the 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic assay identified that the strain belongs to Micrococcus luteus. The DNA fragment encoding mature peptide of fibrinolytic enzyme was cloned by PCR and sequenced.

利用传统细菌分类鉴定方法对其形态和生理生化特征进行了研究，发现其与藤黄微球菌的特征相符， 16S rDNA序列分析的结果也表明它与藤黄微球菌的16S rDNA序列的同源性高达99%，因此该菌在系统分类学上属于微球菌属藤黄微球菌。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。