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The modern Chinese Endocentric phrase includes two types: Attribute-center phrase and Adverb-center phrase.

现代汉语偏正结构包括定中结构和状中结构两种类型。

In English, if the center word has lead attributive and participle phrase or infinitive phrase, when translated, we need to shift forward the postposition participle infinitive or phrase to the position of limiting attribute.

在英语中，如果中心词有前置定语，又有分词短语或不定式短语，翻译时后置分词不定式或短语要前移到限定性定语的位置上，而前置定语位置则视情况而定。

Translation literality , phrase alignment probability, and length difference from target language phrase to source language phrase are employed to score for extracted equivalences.

使用译文直译率、短语对齐概率和目标语-源语言短语长度差异等特征对自动获取的等价对进行评价。

Translation literality,phrase alignment probability,and length difference from target language phrase to source language phrase are employed to score for ex.tracted equivalences.

使用译文直译率、短语对齐概率和目标语-源语言短语长度差异等特征对自动获取的等价对进行评价。

Current researches show little attention to this structure and thus this paper is devoted to an overall understanding of this structure. The content of this thesis focuses on the following three aspects:First, when restricting the potential semantic range of noun phrases with its own proposition, the modifying clauses in English and Chinese share the same semantic features. That is to say, the modified noun phrase and the predicate of the clause depend on each other for existence. This semantic restrictiveness is obligatory for the clause and the noun phrase it modifies in both languages. Second, though sharing the same potential conceptual meaning, the combination of a clause and its modified noun phrase shows different syntactic position in surface structure as well as the inner structure of the clause. Based on a full description of syntactic characteristics of this kind of clause, the present thesis points out the differences and similarities existing in surface structure between English and Chinese. Finally, under the guidance of Chomskys Minimalist Program(1995), the thesis analyses the derivational processes of this structure in both languages.

现有的对比研究对于该结构的探讨，不论是在描述和解释上都是不完备的，为了深化这一句法结构的认识，本文从如下几个方面对英汉分句作定语修饰名词的现象进行了对比：首先，分句用自身的命题限制中心名词的语义范围时，在两种语言中具有相同的语义特征，即中心名词与分句内部的谓词之间存在依存关系，分句修饰名词必然受到语义的限制，是英汉两种语言必须共同遵守的准则；其次，英汉两种语言中表达相同概念意义的这一句法单位与其修饰的名词结合后，在表层结构中体现出不同的位置关系，且分句内部的句法结构也各有特点，本文在充分对其句法特征描述的基础上，指出二者在表层形式上的差异和共性；最后，尝试在乔姆斯基的最简方案(1995)框架内，演示英汉两种语言。

The simulation results show that there exists a phase transition from the free phrase to congested phrase on the regular network and the value of the phrase transition can be used to measure the capacity of network to deal with traffic flow.

结果显示，规则网络上交通流存在一个从自由相到拥塞相的相变。相变点的值可以用来衡量网络处理交通流的能力。

Therefore, on the basis of objective description of corpus example, this paper study and analyze the condition of "free form" and "bound form" of the verbal phrases such as "V + Particle + N"、"V+ complement"(including:"V+ trend complement","V+ result complement","V+ extent complement" and "V+ action-measure complement )、"V TO V"、"V+ adverb+ V"、"V of V "and "V+ D".At the same time, from the semantic and pragmatic perspective this paper discuss the conditions and causes from "bound form" to "free form",concluding that particle dynamics、exclamation at the end of the sentence、adverb and follow—up of the language and so on can act as the conditions from the bound verbal phrase to the free verbal phrase. The main reason for these conditions is rich in the amount of the sentence, making semantic self—contained; Finally, this paper simply describes the theoretical and practical significance of the phenomena of "free form" and "bound form in the aspect of verbal phrase; at he conclusion of the article, the author of the text further sum up the content and coverage and raise her own views of the text of underdevelopment and the questions yet continuing to study.

因此，本文接着在语料例证的客观描述基础上，针对"v+动态助词+N"、"V+补语"(包括："V+趋向补语"、"V+结果补语"、"V+程度补语"、V+动量补语)、、"V来V去"、"副词+V"、"V的V"、"V+D的"等动词性短语的"粘着"和"自由"的情况做了探讨分析，并且从语义和语用两个角度探讨了"粘着"向"自由"转化的条件及原因，认为动态助词、句末语气词、副词、后续语段等等都可以充当粘着的动词性短语向自由的动词性短语转化的条件，其主要原因则是这些条件丰富了句子的信息量，使得语义自足；最后，文章简要地论述了研究动词性短语的"自由"和"粘着"现象的理论意义和实践意义；在文章的结语部分，作者就文中所论述的角度和涵盖的内容做了进一步的总结，并对文中存在的不足和有待于继续研究的问题提出了自己的看法。

In We expect our output to more than double in a year, the phrase more than is intrinsic to the sense of the infinitive phrase, though the split infinitive could be avoided by use of another phrase,such asto increase by more than 100 percent.

在句子我们期望我们的产量在一年之后超过现在的两倍中，短语more than 是不定式本来的意思，尽管通过另外一词可以避开使用分裂不定式，如百分之百地增加。

Semantically the sentence involving the construction is ambiguous between a generic reading and an episodic reading, and we propose that its being generic or episodic is determined by the referential/non-referential interpretation of the associated postverbal noun phrase: the sentence is generic if and only if the postverbal noun phrase is interpreted as non-referential, and the sentence is episodic if and only if the postverbal noun phrase is interpreted as referential.

此「V有/呒 NP」谓语结构主要涉及两种语义：指涉恒常的特性，例如「阿明做呒歹志。」；指涉某单一事件的发生，例如「阿明坐呒位。」本论文首先论证吾人可以藉由动词后名词组的有指/无指(referential/non-referential)之语意特性来决定此「V有/呒 NP」谓语的语义。亦即，当名词组有指时，句子涉及某单一事件的发生；当名词组无指时，句子则指涉某恒常的特性。

Independent-samples t-test is used to compare means of the experimental and control groups.The statistical results reveal that collocational competence with the sub-technical terms of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group. However, the CBSTT model's effect on the simple nominal phrase collocational competence is more significant than the effect on the complex nominal phrase collocational competence. From the perspective of production competence, the overall results of the experimental groups are significantly higher than the overall results of the control group. The complex nominal phrase production competence is not significantly developed at the beginning of the experiment. With the progress of the experiment, the differences from the two groups become salient.

在短语搭配能力方面，实验组学生的总成绩明显高于对照组学生，其中实验组简单短语的搭配组合能力与对照组学生存在显著差异，但复杂短语的组合能力上两组差异不大；在产出能力方面，实验组学生的总成绩也明显高于对照组学生，实验组简单短语的产出能力与对照组学生存在显著差异，复杂短语的产出能力开始没有显著差异，随着实验的进行差异越来越显著；在通过词汇重复手段以构成语篇衔接方面，实验组学生的成绩和对照组的学生无显著差异。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。