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According to the different characters of lag phase, log arithmetic phase and stationary phase in a kind of fermentation process, we propose a more stage nonlinear dynamic system and its identification model.

本文针对一类发酵过程中的发育期、生长期及稳定期的不同特性，提出一种非线性多阶段动力系统及其辨识模型。

The objective of this research was control a long stroke inchworm type positioning stage. Consider the factors that may affect positioning precision include the nonlinearity of piezoelectric actuator and phase lag cause by feedback control. Use model of hysteresis and zero phase error tracking controller to improve the tracking ability and reduce the phase lag of the system.

因此在本研究中，对於一个蚇蠖式长行程平台研究控制方法，考虑可能影响定位精度的因素，包括压电致动器的非线性特性与系统因为闭回路控制架构造成的响应相位落后现象，利用迟滞数学模型的建立与零相位误差追踪控制器的设计来改善系统的追踪能力与相位误差。

To fly to the solar system space probes to other planets whose flight can be roughly divided into three stages, namely, from launch to the Earth's scope is not out of phase, out of the scope of the Earth's role in the transition phase, when mainly affected by solar gravity and scope to the target planet is the first three-phase, after which the planet could be captured by the target satellite, or left the target planet became the man-made asteroid.

飞往太阳系其他行星的空间探测器其飞行大致可分为三个阶段，即从发射到未脱离地球作用范围阶段，脱离地球作用范围的过渡阶段，这时主要受太阳引力作用，进入目标行星作用范围是第三阶段，此后可能成为被目标行星俘获的卫星，或者飞离目标行星后成为人造小行星。

Based on the analysis of current situation of urban traffic signal control, a method of single intersection signal control was presented based on fuzzy neural network control. Density of vehicle flow of current and next phase was determined by detecting the queue length of the current and next phase, so that it was further determined whether the phase should be changed or not.

在分析城市交通信号控制研究现状的基础上，提出一种基于神经网络模糊控制的单路口交通信号灯控制方法，通过检测当前相位的排队长度和下一相位的排队长度得出当前相位以及下一相位的车流密度，进而判断是否进行相位变换。

To the best of our knowledge, for the efficiency limit of DOEs, published papers either consider only one single factor or consider both phase only and phase quantization together. This is relatively insufficient for the real DOEs, because most of them are phase-only and spatially quantized.

由所知的文献显示，对於绕射元件的绕射效率上限，过去的论文只单独考虑某一因素，或只同时考虑纯相位及相位量化两个因素，或所提出的绕射效率上限过於保守，这对於实际的绕射元件而言，是相当不够的，因它们多数是纯相位且已空间量化的。

The efficiency limit of phase-only static DOEs are affected by three factors: phase only, phase quantization and spatial quantization.

一般所谓的绕射光学元件为纯相位绕射元件，其绕射效率上限受三个因素影响：纯相位、相位量化、空间量化。

The phase pattern of velocity of molecular motion is compared in saturated state of liquid phase and vapor phase.

应用本文提出的约化规模法，获得了不同温度条件下分子分数布朗运动的Hurst 指数和轨迹分维数

The typical apoptotic morphological features appeared in MUTZ1 cells treated with 4 mmol/L VPA for 72 hours. Pyknosis of cells and nuclei, disintegration of nuclear chromatin and apoptotic body could be observed by light microscopy. Aggregation and margination of nuclear chromatin, concentration of plasm, increment of density and chromatin mass of irregular size could be observed by transmission electronmicroscope. The flow cytometric analysis indicated that the VPA could induce cell apoptosis, apoptosis rate increased in dosedependent manner, ratio of cells at G0/G1 phase increased and ratio of cells at S phase decreased in dosedependent manner, the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase.

结果显示： VPA对MUTZ1细胞的生长抑制作用呈现时间和剂量依赖性；经4 mmol/L VPA处理MUTZ1细胞72小时后，细胞呈现典型的凋亡形态特征，光学显微镜下可见凋亡细胞胞体固缩、核固缩、核碎裂及凋亡小体；透射电子显微镜下可见凋亡细胞核染色质边集、胞浆浓缩、密度增加，胞浆内大小不规则的染色质团块；流式细胞术结果表明，细胞凋亡率随着VPA浓度的增加而逐步增高，G0/G1期细胞比例随着VPA浓度的增加而逐渐增多，S期细胞比例逐渐减低，细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期。

The typical apoptotic morphological features appeared in MUTZ-1 cells treated with 4mmol/L VPA for 72hours. Pyknosis of cells and nuclei, disintegration of nuclear chromatin and apoptotic body could be observed by light microscopy. Aggregation and margination of nuclear chromatin, concentration of plasm, increment of density and chromatin mass of irregular size could be observed by transmission electronmicroscope. The flow cytometric analysis indicated that the VPA could induce cell apoptosis, apoptosis rate increased in dose-dependent manner, ratio of cells at G0/G1 phase increased and ratio of cells at S phase decreased in dose-dependent manner, the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase.

结果显示：VPA对MUTZ-1细胞的生长抑制作用呈现时间和剂量依赖性；经4mmol/LVPA处理MUTZ-1细胞72小时后，细胞呈现典型的凋亡形态特征，光学显微镜下可见凋亡细胞胞体固缩、核固缩、核碎裂及凋亡小体；透射电子显微镜下可见凋亡细胞核染色质边集、胞浆浓缩、密度增加，胞装内大小不规则的染色质团块；流式细胞术结果表明，细胞凋亡率随着VPA浓度的增加而逐步增高，G0/G1期细胞比例随着VPA浓度的增加而逐渐增多，S期细胞比例逐渐减低，细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期。

To meet the common demands of the heterodyne signal process system, a phase measurement system based on dual-differential phase discrimination is studied and applied. With the frequency range of 5kHz-50kHz, this system has sampling rate of 10/sec, stability of ±0.0036°, maximum error of ±0.06°, and it can measure the zero point of phase angle.

围绕高精度外差信号处理系统的一般要求，研究和实现了基于双向差动鉴相的相位测量系统，在5kHz-50kHz的范围内、采样速率10次／秒时，示值稳定性优于±0.0036°，最大误差小于±0.06°，可以测量零相位。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。