查询词典 phages

It shows that the embryogenic tissues are composed of a group of small meristematic cells at one end (embryo-proper cells), which are at different phages of cell division and many long cells at the other end (embryo-suspensor cells).

研究表明，胚性愈伤组织是由不同发育阶段的早期胚组成的细胞团，早期胚主要由长的胚柄细胞及其顶端的胚头细胞组成，而后者又具不同的分裂相。

CRISPRs (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), the basis of spoligotyping technology, can provide prokaryotes with heritable adaptive immunity against phages' invasion.

规律成簇的间隔短回文重复（Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats， CRISPRs）是一类广泛分布于细菌和古菌基因组中的重复结构。

The efficiency of selection was monitored by comparing the number of phage recovered from the acid elution and cell lysate in each round,and by testing EGFR binding specificity of polyclonal phagescFv on CHOEGFRGFP1 and CHOK1 cell with cell ELISA. Bacterial PCR was used to select clones containing a 1 kb insert. Cell ELISA was used to determine EGFR binding specificity of monoclonal pscFv on EGFR positive and negative cell. The number of individual EGFRbinding clones was determined with nucleotide sequencing. Results 500fold enrichments were observed by tittering phages in the cell lysate after five rounds of selection.

以稳定转染的CHOEGFRGFP1细胞和未转染的CHOK1细胞分别作为EGFR阳性和阴性细胞，采用负筛选的方法进行筛选；通过比较每轮投入及洗脱出噬菌体的效价比以及细胞ELISA检测多克隆pscFv与阳性、阴性细胞结合情况对筛选过程进行监测；采用菌落PCR挑选含有全长scFv片断的菌落，进一步用细胞ELISA检测单克隆pscFv与EGFR阳性及阴性细胞结合特异性；挑选EGFR特异性单克隆pscFv采用DNA测序法确定克隆多样性。

Results 500fold enrichments were observed by tittering phages in the cell lysate after five rounds of selection. A signal significantly greater than background binding was observed from the third to the fifth round of selection on CHOEGFRGFP1 and CHOK1 cell, but a part of polyclonal scFv bound EGFR specially. About 45% of the selected clones contained a fullsized insert of 1 kb. One unique human antiEGFR scFv (F4scFv) was isolated by analyzing with cell ELISA and DNA sequencing.

结果 经过5轮筛选，细胞裂解液中洗脱出噬菌体效价有500倍以上增长；细胞ELISA结果显示多克隆pscFv与CHOEGFRGFP1细胞和CHOK1细胞均有明显结合，但有部分特异性结合EGFR；菌落PCR显示约45％克隆中含有完整的1kb scFv片断；经细胞ELISA、 DNA测序检测共获得1株EGFR特异性单链抗体，命名为F4scFv。

Cell ELISA was used to determine EGFR binding specificity of monoclonal pscFv on EGFR positive and negative cell. The number of individual EGFRbinding clones was determined with nucleotide sequencing. Results 500fold enrichments were observed by tittering phages in the cell lysate after five rounds of selection.

以稳定转染的CHOEGFRGFP1细胞和未转染的CHOK1细胞分别作为EGFR阳性和阴性细胞，采用负筛选的方法进行筛选；通过比较每轮投入及洗脱出噬菌体的效价比以及细胞ELISA检测多克隆pscFv与阳性、阴性细胞结合情况对筛选过程进行监测；采用菌落PCR挑选含有全长scFv片断的菌落，进一步用细胞ELISA检测单克隆pscFv与EGFR阳性及阴性细胞结合特异性；挑选EGFR特异性单克隆pscFv采用DNA测序法确定克隆多样性。

"On infecting a host cell, bacteriophages known as lytic or virulent phages release replicated viral particles by lysing the host cell."

在噬菌体侵染宿主细胞时，这种裂解型噬体或毒性噬体会藉由裂解宿主细胞而释放出复制的滤过性病毒粒子。

"On infecting a host cell, bacteriophages known as lytic or virulent phages release replicated viral particle s by lysing the host cell."

在噬菌体侵染宿主细胞时，这种裂解型噬体或毒性噬体会藉由裂解宿主细胞而释放出复制的滤过性病毒粒子。

"On infect ing a host cell, bacteriophages known as lytic or virulent phages release replicated viral particles by lysing the host cell."

在噬菌体侵染宿主细胞时，这种裂解型噬体或毒性噬体会藉由裂解宿主细胞而释放出复制的滤过性病毒粒子。

Phages usually have complex capsids composed of a polyhedral head, containing the nucleic acid, and a helical tail, through which nucleic acid is injected into the host.

噬菌体通常由复杂的衣壳组成一个多角体的头部，包含有核酸（ DNA 或 RNA ）和螺旋状的尾管，通过这个尾管核酸可以被注入寄主的体内。

This happens during translation of the RNA phages, whose cistrons always are expressed in a set order.

这个效应在RNA病毒的翻译中很常见，这些病毒的顺反子经常以一定的顺序进行表达。

Salt is good, but if the salt becomes flat and tasteless, with what do you season it?

14：33 盐本是好的，盐若失了味，可用什么叫它再咸呢？

He reiterated that the PLA is an army of the people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

他重申，人民解放军是在中国共产党领导下的人民军队。