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Results After injection before examination,heart rate and blood pressure decreased temporarily in most of patients of group A(P.05).While there was a conspicuous increase in heart rate and blood pressure in the patients of group B(P.05).There was no pain or discomfort in the patients of group A.The phenomena such as nausea and vomition,begma could be found in most of patients of group B.

结果 A组患者在给药后呈一过性心率的减慢、血压降低(P.05)，镜检中无明显的不适反应；B组大多数患者镜检过程中心动过速、血压升高(P.05)，出现了不同程度的恶心、呕吐、呛咳等不适反应。

There were 15 pediatric ALL patients, which had received 50 times of chemotherapy with HD-MTX. The records about blood concentration of MTX and clinical conditions for 50 times chemotherapy were divided into two groups. Group I: contained 25 records of stand-risk patients, administering MTX 3.0g/m2; Group II: contained 25 records of mid and high-risk patients, administering 5.0g/m2. Continuous intravenous dripped MTX for 24th in both two groups, while implemented hydrating and alkalizing for 4 days. All patients were rescued 6 times through leucovorin, 15mg/m~2, since 12th after the end of MTX dripping. Then examined the blood concentration of MTX by fluorescence polarization immunoassay approach at 24h, 44h, 68h, at the same time inspected liver function, blood routine examination, the occurrence time and degree of toxicological reactions.

观察15例ALL住院患儿，接受大剂量MTX共50例次，按ALL危险度分2组，低危治疗组接受MTX剂量为3.0g/m2为I组；中高危治疗组接受MTX剂量为5.0g/m2为II组，连续静脉点滴MTX共24小时，同时给予水化碱化治疗，共4天，全部病例均在MTX滴注结束后12小时开始静脉推注四氢叶酸钙(leucovorin，LV)解救，15mg/m2/次，共6次，采用免疫偏振荧光法检测药物滴注24、44、68小时MTX血药浓度，同时检测两组病例的肝功、血常规，观察临床出现MTX毒副反应的时间及程度，观察每个病例毒副反应出现程度与MTX血药浓度关系，两组毒副反应程度比较，进行统计学分析。

Result:In 20 cases,there were 18 patients detected VM by MRA.8 patients were found typical sign "caput meduse" and 6 patients were only found the delated draining vein.4 patients showed delated draining vein with medulla vein.12 cases of VM were discovered supratentorial and 6 were undertentorial.

结果：20例静脉畸形磁共振血管造影18例发现异常静脉血管，其中8例具有典型的&水母头&样形态，4例显示扩张的引流静脉和稀少的髓静脉。6例静脉畸形MRA仅显示扩张的引流静脉。12例静脉畸形位于幕上，6例位于幕下。

The lower neck node area and supraclavicular fossae were irradiated with the conventional technique by anterior field. results with a median follow up of 12 months(range 2~32 months), 6 patients died(4 died of distant metastasis), 5 patients relapse in the primary site, 2 patients relapse in the neck and 16 patients showed distant metastasis.

结果 中位随访时间12个月（2～32个月）。6例死亡（其中4例死于远处转移），5例原发灶复发，2例颈部复发，16例远处转移。1年和2年的总体生存率、无局部复发生存率、无区域进展生存率和无远处转移生存率分别为100%，94.6%；98.4%，91.4%；99.1%，97.9%及91.9%，85%。n分期是影响无远处转移生存率的预后因素（p＝0.04）。

Methods LRP was tested by using immunohistochemical method in tissues of 43 patients (including 32 newly diagnosed patients, 11 relapsed patients) with NHL and 10 patients with narcotizing hyperplasia lymphadenitis.

应用免疫组化S-P法检测43例NHL患者（其中初治病例32例，复发病例11例）和10例坏死增生性淋巴结炎患者组织中的LRP水平。

Material and Methods:unipolar hip replacement in 2 patients,bipolar hip replacement in 10 patients,total hip replacement in 6 patients,mean years of follow-up is 2years and 4months,applying with Harris score system to examine patients,while photoing hip X-ray on anteroposterior and lateral sites,.

材料与方法：对18例髋关节置换术后患者进行随访，其中髋关节置换单极2例，双极10例，全髋6例，其平均随访时间为2年4个月，应用公认的Harris髋部评分系统，在疼痛、功能、活动范围和畸形四个方面进行临床检查，同时行髋部正侧位拍片检查。

Methods we nursed the patients psychologically,postured the operation body position,prepared operation area,and teached the patients how to exercise preoperatively,observed state of the illness postoperatively,discoved and managed the special complications timely,instructed exercising earlier,and teached the patients leaving hospital notice.results 52 cases of lumbar disc protrusion recovered quickly,lay in bed for 3～4 weeks averagely and no complication occured.conclusion correctly instructing and nursing the patients preoperatively can reduce complications,increase the operation success rate.

对腰椎间盘突出症患者术前进行心理护理，手术体位的练习，备皮，教会患者功能锻练的方法。术后密切观察病情变化，对特殊并发症及时发现处理，早期指导康复锻炼，出院指导。结果腰椎间盘突出症患者术后恢复快，平均卧床3～4周，无并发症。结论腰椎间盘突出症手术的治疗，护士在围术期给予正确的指导和护理，能减少并发症的发生，提高手术的成功率。

objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

目的 评估体外震波碎石治疗输尿管结石的疗效，探讨再治疗率高的原因及输尿管结石的治疗选择。方法回顾2000年1月～2004年12月间eswl治疗输尿管结石的临床资料687例，男455例（66.2%），女232例（33.8%），平均年龄46.6岁（15～83岁）。有双侧输尿管结石6例，单侧多发性输尿管结石12例（4颗1例，3颗2例，2颗9例），共计输尿管结石709颗（含透光结石13颗）。应用上海爱申公司生产的desunit6030型碎石机，c臂x线球管做结石定位。上段输尿管结石（肾盂输尿管交界处至骶髂关节上缘）取仰卧位，下段输尿管结石（骶髂关节上缘下至输尿管口）取俯卧位。为减少eswl引起的肾损伤和疼痛，应用较低的能量，震波发生器电压从9.8～13.2kv，震波频率1.5s。每次治疗设定为1500次震波。治疗后3天摄腹部平片或b超，以后每隔7日重复检查。假如结石未碎或有残留结石最长径＞3mm以上，再次eswl，两次治疗的间隔时间为两周。结石的大小用x线片上的表面积（mm2表示。结果 709颗输尿管结石总的治愈率为97.3%（690颗），再治疗率34.1%（242颗）。其中一次治疗467颗，平均结石大小37.27mm2，治愈464颗（65.4%），3颗改治疗；两次治疗138颗，平均结石大小62.48mm2，治愈131颗（18.5%），7颗改治疗；第1和第2次治疗治愈率（1个月治愈率）为83.8%。3次治疗52颗，平均结石大小79.60mm2，治愈50颗（7.1%），2颗改治疗；4次治疗19颗，平均结石大小101.63mm2，治愈17颗（2.4%），2颗改治疗；5次及5次以上治疗33颗，平均结石大小119.33mm2，治愈28颗（3.9%），5颗改治疗。总计19颗（2.7%）结石改变治疗方式。上段输尿管结石335颗，治愈321颗（95.8%），再治疗129颗（38.5%）。下段输尿管结石374颗，治愈369颗（98.7%），再治疗113颗（30.2%）。经χ2检验，上、下段输尿管结石的再治疗率差异有显著性（χ2=5.40，p＜0.05），治愈率差异无显著性（χ2=0.15，p＞0.05）。不良反应：血压升高13例（1.9%），震波区域疼痛26例（3.8%），震波进入处皮肤点状淤血33例（4.8%），肉眼血尿128例（18.6%），均于第2、3天自行消失。结论 eswl目前仍是输尿管结石的第一线治疗，结石的大小是再治疗率高的主要因素。结石的位置有影响，上段输尿管结石可随呼吸移动，有效震波次数减少，再治疗率比下段输尿管结石高。eswl前注重病例筛选可降低再治疗率。

Methods: Twenty five patients with congenital missing of one or two incisors, 17 patients were treated with extraction, 5 patients were treated orthodontically and prostbodontically. 3 patients were treated with slenderizing to solve crowding and adjust median line and Bolton index.

25例先天缺失下颌个别前牙1～2颗的患者，其中17例采用减数方法进行矫治，5例集中间隙，结合修复进行治疗，3例结合邻面去釉、改变牙轴等手段解除拥挤，采用调整中线和Bolton指数的方法进行矫治。

After a mean follow-up of 1.8±1.1 years, of 7 PMR patients with positive results of AKA, 5 patients developed EORA, Only 1 patient developed EORA in 23 PMR negative patients with results of AKA.There weer significant difference between between the AKA positive and negative patients.

随访观观察8个月至3.5年，7例血清抗角蛋白抗体阳性的患者中，有5例修正诊断为老年类风湿性关节炎，而在23例血清抗角蛋白抗体阴性的患者中，仅1例修正诊断为老年类风湿性关节炎，两者比较有统计学意义。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。