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Terminal oxidative inhibitors, such as KCN, Salicylhydroxamic acid , antimycin A and NaN〓, can cut off electron transport chains of cytochrome pathway and alternative pathway, marked decreased BADH protein levels. Oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler 2, 4-dinitrophenol had a similar negative effect on BADH gene expression, and exogenous ATP and ADP increased the BADH levels. These results, in conjunction with the terminal oxidation results, indicated that ATP could be a critical component in BADH gene expression.

2.2 末端氧化抑制剂KCN、SHAM、抗霉素A和NaN〓能打断呼吸链，阻断电子传递，使BADH蛋白的表达量明显降低，说明末端氧化同样参与BADH基因表达的调节：末端氧化影响基因表达的实质就是ATP的影响，线粒体磷酸化解偶联剂DNP明显降低BADH蛋白的含量，而外源的ATP和ADP对BADH基因表达的正效应作用最大。

With the established protocol, we were able to show that silencing COI1, an essential key player in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, led to increase of R. solanacearum proliferation in stembases and mid-stems of 'Hawaii 7996', a tomato cultivar with durable resistance to BW. Our study provides the first demonstration for a positive role of the JA signaling pathway in tomato resistance to BW, and notably, is inconsistent with the reports in Arabidopsis. The involvement and possible interplays of other known defense signaling pathways in the tomato BW-defense network to R. solanacearum are discussed.

利用本文建立之静默系统进行茉莉酸防御讯息传递途径关键基因COI1之静默，结果发现青枯病菌在番茄抗病品种'Hawaii 7996'茎基部及中段内的菌量显著增加，显示茉莉酸防御讯息传递途径在番茄对青枯病的防御机制中扮演正面角色，此发现与阿拉伯芥对青枯病的防御机制研究所知的相反；文中并讨论其他防御讯息传递途径可能如何共同参与番茄青枯病防御网络。

Based on the analysis on the oil sources and migration pathway of this area, the mineralization modes of the oil sand in the area are derived in this paper. Main conclusions are drawn as follows: a. multiphase tectonic activity resulted in multistage hydrocarbon generation of the source rock; b. threestage tectonic activity and threestage mineralization process formed a great deal of unconformity and fault pathway, thus the crude oil could migrate in a long distance; c. the tectonic activity in Yanshan and Himalayan stages uplifted the edge of the basin and the eroded reservoir outcropped to the surface, the light oil escaped and then the oil sand resource formed; d.

通过对该区油源和运移通道的分析研究，得出该区油砂的成矿模式：①多期的构造活动使烃源岩多期生烃；②三期构造活动、三个阶段的成矿过程，形成了大量的不整合面和断层通道，使原油远距离运移；③燕山期和喜马拉雅期构造活动使盆地边缘抬升，经受剥蚀，油层出露地表，轻质油逸散形成了现今的油砂资源。

Janus protein tyrosine kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway may be one of the most important signaling pathway to control the biological states of thrombi.

Jak蛋白酪氨酸激酶－信号转导子和转录激活子信号通路可能是调控血栓的生物学状态的重要信号通路之一。

From the present study, it has been demonstrated that CD44 is cleaved subsequently by MT1-MMP and Presenilins in PC-3 Cells, and in turn causes the release of the CD44ICD. CD44ICD translocates into nuclear and may regulate the tumor cells malignant phenotype via NF-κB pathway which plays a critical role in the malignant progression of prostate cancer, interruption of this pathway might contribute to the inhibition of tumor growth and invasion.

本研究表明：在PC-3细胞中CD44分子分别受MT1-MMP和Presenilin1/2的作用，最终导致CD44ICD从膜结合型CD44ΔE的水解释放并转移进核，并可能通过调控NF-κB等转录因子，影响肿瘤细胞的恶性表型。

Recently, it is found that the neuron apoptosis caused by brain ischemia is associated with signal pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is different from the traditional apoptotic pathway. Caspase-12 has been identified as a molecule which initiates apoptosis selectively in response to ER stress and is not activated by other pathways. Caspase-12 is localized on the ER membrane, but once specifically activated by ER stress, it translocates to the cytoplasm.

最近的研究发现，这种细胞凋亡与内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress ER stress)有关，其是一种不同于经典的凋亡途径的新途径，分子伴侣葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose regulated protein， GRP78/Bip)表达增高是反应ER stress的最敏感的指标，胱冬酶-12(caspase-12)为鼠源性的内质网膜上的蛋白，它的特点是只被内质网诱导的凋亡所激活而不被其它非内质网因素所激活。

Furthermore, we found that the Sema3F-triggered growth cone attraction was abolished by inhibition of the cGMP signaling pathway but not by inhibition of the cAMP signaling pathway, and the attraction was suppressed when elevating the intracellular cGMP level.

而且，在组织块共培养中，分泌Sema3F的细胞团能使小脑颗粒细胞偏向它迁移。我们发现Sema3F的吸引性作用在cGMP信号通路被抑制时受阻断，在细胞内cGMP水平增加时被削弱。

Background and Objectives: Keloid is benign hyperproliferative collagen formation in response to skin trauma. Although the pathoetiology of keloid formation remains unclear, over reaction of the TGF-β pathway is believed to be a mechanism. In this study, we survey the differences in clinical presentation and the change in molecules of the TGF-β pathway after pulsed dye laser therapy.

背景及目的： Keloid组织除在临床上造成外观问题，也有痛或痒的困扰，但是及造成原因并不明确，很多研究指出和TGF-β路径有相关性，临床上治疗方式有很多种，染料雷射是其中之一，在临床治疗提供显著的改善，所以研究对於TGF-β路径其中分子的影响，及其可能的机转为何。

When those enzymes are activated by AMPK, they would shut down the energy-consuming biosynthesis pathway and turn on the energy-producing fatty acid oxidation pathway.

他们的活性受到抑制后，能够关闭消耗大量ATP的生物合成代谢途径而打开产生大量ATP的生物分解代谢途径。

HI resulted in the activation of JAKs-STATs pathway in the subventricular zone and choroids plexus, and this pathway might participated in the pathophysiological process of PVL.

HI后侧脑室室管膜下区和脉络丛JAKs-STATs途径被激活，该途径可能参与PVL的病理生理过程。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。