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WM can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of K562 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, probably through down-regulation of phosphorate PI3K/Akt signal pathway and NF-κB expression.

渥曼青霉素以时间和剂量依赖方式明显抑制K562细胞的增殖及诱导其凋亡，其机制可能与其下调磷酸化PI3K/Akt信号通路以及NF-κB蛋白表达有关。

CO was an important gene involved in the photoperiod pathway controlling plant flowering time.

CO是植物开花时间光周期调控途径中的一个重要基因。

This review deals with research progresses in selection and utilization of the photorespiratory mutants for clarifying the metabolic pathway and functions of photorespiration.

本文对光呼吸代谢途径、光呼吸突变体的筛选以及对光呼吸突变体的研究进展予以综述，以期对深入探讨植物光呼吸的生物学功能及其分子改良提供帮助。

Protease treatment of the plasma membranes could abolish the binding but NaIO_4 and glycosidase could not, indicating that nsLTP144 bound to plasma membranes protein without carbohydrate moiety. Using the homobifunctional cross-linking regent bissuberate (BS~3) and rice plasma membranes incubated with ~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144, we identified, after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, a putative protein receptor on the rice plasma membranes with the molecular mass around 60 kDa. NsLTP144 can not trigger extracelluar alkalization in arabidopsis, but can abolish the extracellular alkalization effect of phytopathogen elicitor cryptogein, suggesting that cryptogein and nsLTP144 may bind to the same membrane protein. In vitro pull-down assay showed that nsLTP144 interacted with OsCaM1, a possible extracellular calmodulin, implying that nsLTP144 and OsCaM1 could function in the same signal transduction pathway. These results shed light on revealing the roles of nsLTP in vivo and make it promising to finally characterize the plasma membranes receptor of nsLTP.

发现~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144、~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP110与水稻细胞质膜均具有特异性结合，而且结合是饱和性的、可被竞争的，符合配体-受体结合的典型特征，同时用于对照实验的蛋白质~(125)I-Thioredoxin没有此特性，表明水稻细胞质膜上存在nsLTP的受体；利用可氧化糖基的NaIO_4和水解糖基的N\'-糖苷酶F处理水稻细胞质膜，再进行结合实验，结合活性几乎不受影响；而利用胰蛋白酶处理细胞膜则使得结合能力几乎完全丧失，表明其受体为没有经过糖基化修饰的蛋白质；利用交联剂BS~3交联配体一受体后，再进行SDS-PAGE分离和放射自显影，结果显示水稻细胞质膜上的nsLTP受体中有一个60kDa的蛋白质可以与nsLTP144发生特异性的结合，可能是其受体；细胞外碱化实验表明，nsLTP144不能促使拟南芥原生质体细胞培养液的细胞外碱化反应，却能猝灭来自植物病原菌的激发子Cryptogein刺激拟南芥原生质体产生的细胞外碱化反应，表明nsLTP和Cryptogein结合细胞膜上相同的位点，保护了植物细胞免受Cryptogein导致的细胞程序性死亡，并诱导系统获得性抗性的产生；体外Pull-down实验表明，nsLTP144和水稻的OsCaM1具有相互作用，暗示了nsLTP144和OsCaM1可能同在一个信号通路上起作用。

Important family of negative feedback of JAK-STAT pathway: SOCS, PIAS, PTP is highly related with rheumatoid arthritis which will be the new ways for Clinical treatment, drug development and research of autoimmune diseases.

JAK-STAT通路负反馈调节的重要家族：SOCS、PIAS、PTP与类风湿关节炎高度相关，在未来可能成为自身免疫性疾病临床治疗、新药研发或科学研究的新途径。

By interacting with these proteins, PIAS proteins could affect their activation and function, and take part in gene transcriptional regulation and cellular signal pathway including Signal transducer and activator of transcription, Wnt, TGFβ, NF-κB pathways and so on, therefore present important biological functions.

通过相互作用，PIAS蛋白通过影响了蛋白的活性和功能，参与基因的转录调控和包括STAT(Signal transducer and activator of transcription)， Wnt， TGFβ， NF-κB等通路在内的细胞信号通路，具有重要的生理功能。

PIAS proteins play roles mainly through two mechanisms: acting as SUMO E3 ligases to promote modifications of some transcriptional factors and cofactors, especially sumoylation, and to regulate their transcriptional activation; acting as structural proteins to offer platforms for protein-protein interactions and to promote the abstraction and recruitment of other regulators in the cellular signal pathway complexes or gene transcriptional complexes, companied by the subnuclear location of target proteins.

PIAS蛋白的调控机制主要有两种：一种是通过其自身所具有的SUMO(small ubiquitin-related modifiers)E3连接酶活性，促进对一些转录因子、转录辅因子的化学修饰，尤其是SUMO化修饰，从而调控它们的转录活性；另一种是作为构架蛋白，为蛋白质之间的相互作用提供平台，促进细胞信号通路复合物或基因转录复合物中其它调节蛋白的去除和募集，并涉及到靶蛋白的亚核定位。

Because of Fe is an essential element in the biosynthetic pathway of tetrapyrroles in pigments, Fe(superscript 3+) fertilizers on the recovery of discolored layer was applied exogenously in the laboratory, and that brought about a pigmental convalescence.

因为Fe是生物体内合成上述4类吡咯类色素所不可缺少的微量元素，所以在实验室内对退色紫菜进行了外源性添加Fe(上标 3+)实验，发现该紫菜中的色素含量有明显提高。

Objective To explore the structural foundation of transport pathway of pineal secretions from the pineal body to the cerebrespinal fluid of subarachnoid space.

目的 探讨松果体激素释放到蛛网膜下隙脑脊液途径的结构基础。

Objective In order to explore the morphological evidence for the pathway for secretions of pineal body releasing directly into the cerebrospinal fluid. Methods Using the conventional and NaOH-macerational methods for preparing electron microscopic specimens,the pineal bodies and its capsules of adult Japanese monkeys were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscope.

目的 探讨松果体分泌物直接释放入脑脊液途径的形态学依据，方法采用常规及NaOH消蚀法电镜样品制备技术，对成年日本猴松果体及其被囊进行了扫描和透射电镜观察。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。