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Beijingensis under three droughttreatments, normal, moderate and severe stresses. The results showed:(1) the canker disease ofboth cultivars was serious gradually with increased drought;(2) the bark tissue cells sufferedplasmolysis, more evident with the severity of drought stress;(3) under the drought andinoculation with B. dothidea, cells of two cultivars damaged at different degree, mailyrepresented in the changes of organelles, such as chloroplast swollen and distorted, number ofmitochondria increased and membrane system indistinct; then organelles suffered furtherdamagement with inoculation time, thinned mitochondrias stroma, decreased cristae, crumpledand partly broken membrane of chloroplasts with stroma exosmosis. At last, the chloroplastspartly disorganized;(4) the hyphae growed mainly intercellular in resistant cultivar and notonly intercellular but also intracellular in susceptible cultivar, which directly caused thenecrosis of cells;(5) under the severe drought, the damage of cells enhanced the infection ofpathogen and drought and pathogen stressed together and promoted the disease development;the damage from pathogen on cells was more serious than that from drought.

结果显示：(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加，2种杨树溃疡病害发生渐趋严重；(2)干旱胁迫下，杨树树皮组织细胞发生质壁分离，并随胁迫程度的增加而严重；(3)干旱胁迫下接种病原菌，2种杨树细胞发生不同程度的损伤，主要表现为细胞器发生较大变化，如出现叶绿体肿胀变形、线粒体数量增多，质膜模糊不清等现象；随接种时间的延长，细胞器受到进一步损伤，叶绿体被膜折皱，严重时局部破裂，基质外渗，并部分最终解体；(4)毛白杨中的菌丝主要在细胞间隙中穿行，而北京杨的菌丝除在细胞间隙中生长之外，侵入细胞内部也较多，直接导致细胞的解体；(5)干旱胁迫下细胞的损伤促进了病原菌的侵染，干旱和病原菌的双重胁迫加剧了病害的发生程度，并且病原菌侵染对细胞的破坏程度大于水分胁迫。

S. greville, Cortinarius russus and Laccaria laccata had the strongest restraint. They not only produced the most distinct inhibition zone and restrained the growth of pathogen, but also bestrowed pathogen and grew on it. It could be used for biological protetion and cure.

其中S.grevillei、Cortinarius russus、Laccaria laccata抑制作用最强，不仅产生最明显的抑菌环，抑制病原菌的生长，同时覆盖病原菌并在其上生长，可用来进行生物防治。

Cercospora capsici Heald et Wolf, the pathogen of pepper brown leaf spot, was isolated from pepper in Haicheng of Liaoning Province. The results showed that nutrition, temperature and pH had significant effects on mycelial growth and spore germination of the pathogen.

本文对辣椒褐斑病病原菌Cercospora capsici Heald et Wolf的生物学特性进行了研究，结果表明，不同的营养、温度、pH等条件对菌丝生长和孢子萌发有显著影响。

We did a lot of experiments, such as separating, cultivating and appraising pathogetic epiphyte, studying physiological character of pathogen, doing manual inoculation, filtrating indoor medicament, and cultivating confrontation in petri dish. The result of study showed the pathogen was Armillaria ostoyae..

通过对病原菌的分离培养与鉴定、病原菌生理学特性研究、人工接种试验、室内药剂筛选、平板对峙拮抗培养等试验的研究结果表明，引起该病的病原菌为奥氏蜜环菌Armillaria ostoyaeRomagn。

Chestnut is a high valued economic orchard crops in Guangdong mountain area. A new disease on the leaves of chestnut was found in chestnut orchard of SCAU and areas where chestnut grows in Guangdong. Its symptom was different with those any reported leaf disease on chestnut. The pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and is the same as the pathogen of Coniella castanicola, anthracnose of Camellia oleifera and Caryota ochlandra.

近年，在华南农业大学板栗园及广东一些板栗产区，栗叶上出现了一种新的病害，其发病症状与已报道的板栗叶部病害无一是完全符合的，经鉴定，这种病原菌属于半知菌亚门，腔孢纲，黑盘孢目，黑盘孢科，刺盘孢属，胶胞炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides，与板栗炭疽病、油茶炭疽病以及鱼尾葵炭疽病的病原一致。

Twenty-three isolates of gray leaf spot pathogen, Cercospora zeae-maydis, collected from growing area of Northern China were clustered based on their soluble protein and isozyme profiles obtained through native PAGE in order to base physiologically the pathogen differentiation at protein or isozyme level.

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对采自北方玉米主产区的23个玉米灰斑病菌菌株进行可溶性蛋白质和同工酶电泳图谱分析及聚类分析，从蛋白质和酶学的多态性水平上分析玉米灰斑病菌的生理分化特征。

And RW pathogen material impact on promoting corruption, the result shows : RW promoting corruption in simulated conditions, the number of male live Meloidogyne incognita, the number of females and 10 days respectively reduction in the number of oocysts 61.31%, 48.51%, 49.22%; Pathogens in tobacco black shank (Phytophthora nicotiana Breda de Haan), cercospora leaf spot pathogen were lower 97.68% and 97.77%.

与RW促腐剂对病害病原物影响对比，结果显示：RW促腐剂在模拟条件下，使活体根结线虫雄虫数、雌虫数、卵囊数在10d内分别减少61.31%、48.51%、49.22%；使烤烟黑胫病病原菌(Phytophthora nicotiana Breda de Haan)、角斑病病原菌分别比对照减少97.68%、97.77%。

The development of Chinese herbal medicine is one of main methods for peasants to increase income in the eastern mountain area of Liaoning.The main medicinal plants in Liaoning Province are schisandra,asarum,dioscorea, panax,gentiana,aconitum,fritillaria,lilium,astragalus,saposhnikovia,atractylodes,polygonatum, clematis,dictamnus,etc.The soils of nearly 20 species of the medicinal plant were studied in this paper.The differences among different medicinal plants were analyzed.The species and quantity of fungi,bacteria and antinomycete in soil of medicinal plants were clear.With the pathogen of main diseases of medicinal plants as target,the strains in the control of pathogen were screened from soil of medicinal plants.

在本研究中，首次以辽宁省主栽药用植物：五味子、细辛、穿山龙、移山参、龙胆、黄花乌头、平贝母、百合、黄芪、防风、苍术、玉竹、威灵鲜和白鲜皮等近20种药用植物土壤为研究对象，应用平板稀释法和磷脂脂肪酸测定法对土壤微生物多样性进行研究，通过研究明确了影响土壤微生物多样性的因素；土壤微生物与药用植物关系；以药用植物土壤微生物为供试菌株，药用植物近年来主要病害为靶标菌，进行生防菌株筛选。

In view of vagina exists avariety of microbacteria, once ecological balance of vagina is destroyedor ectogenic pathogen break in, it canlead inflammation, cervix excretionincreasing and humidity verdict for pathogen produce, and endocervixplica is very much, focus of infection is difficulty eliminated. Becauseof the vagina and cervix that internal environment and anatomicalstructure is particular, the chronic cervicitis is always manifestrepeatedly, difficult to recover.

由于阴道内本身存在各种微生物，一旦阴道生态平衡打破或外源病原体入侵，即可导致炎症，宫颈分泌物多，局部潮湿，也有利于病原体生长，加之宫颈内膜皱襞较多，感染灶不易清除，慢性宫颈炎常常反复发作，缠绵难愈。

PART 2:The molecular mechanisms of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae induced inflammatory response in respiratory epithelial cells Objective:Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaewas traditionally considered as an extracellular pathogen in respiratory infections.In this study,we established a model of infected cells to confirm NTHI was also a facultatively intracellular pathogen.Mitogen activated protein kinasesare the important signal transduction pathway in mediating inflammatory response induced by NTHI in respiratory epithelium.In this study,we elucidate the impact of NTHI,and its SCF and EP on the expression of MAPK and subsequent proinflammatory mediators.

第二部分：NTHI致呼吸道上皮细胞炎症反应的分子机制研究目的：通过建立呼吸道上皮细胞株的体外NTHI感染模型，确认NTHI在细胞内的存活，观察NTHI及其组分(可溶性胞质成分SCF、外膜蛋白EP)对呼吸道上皮细胞MAPK信号传导通路和后续的前炎症因子表达的影响，并应用特异性ERK-MAPK抑制剂U0126、p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580特异性阻断下游MAPK信号传导通路，观察它们对呼吸道上皮细胞分泌前炎症因子表达的影响。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。