查询词典 pathogen

Apple scab is one of most important apple diseases in apple growing areas in China. Through screening a pair of specific PCR primers for pathogen of apple scab, the method of early and rapid detection of pathogen of apple scab was developed in the study.

苹果黑星病是中国苹果产区的重要病害之一，为了建立该病原菌的早期快速检测技术，筛选出了对苹果黑星病菌具有特异性的FCR引物。

The total genomic DNA of diseased apple leaves was rapidly obtained by modified CTAB method. Through PCR amplification assay, the pathogen of apple scab can be specifically detected from diseased apple leaf tissues and no symptom appearance of apple leaf tissues with pathogen incubation.

采用改进的CTAB法，快速提取发病叶片组织的DNA，并结合PCR检测技术，可从苹果黑星病显症叶片以及未显症而处于潜育期的叶片组织中特异性地检测到苹果黑星病菌。

The pathogen causing lily blights was isolated from diseased lily with typical symptoms on basal stem. The pathogen was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae van Brede de Haan according to the characteristics of mycelium, chlamydospore, zoosporangium, oospore and the test of pathogenicity of the pathogen.

从具典型症状的新鲜百合疫病植株茎基部病组织中分离到百合疫霉菌，根据其病原菌菌丝的形态、菌落特征，厚垣孢子、游动孢子囊和卵孢子的形态和大小，以及病原菌致病性测定，该病原菌鉴定为烟草疫霉 Phytophthora nicotianae van Brede de Haan。

Both CaCN2 and urea inhibited the chlamydospore germination, mycelial growth and sporulation of the pathogen, but CaCN2 by using at the rates of 0.5 and 1.0%, had two inhibition zones for chlamydospore germination with time while urea had only one. Calcium cyanamide was also more effective on reducing mycelial growth and sporulation of the pathogen than urea did. Therefore, the suppression of pea wilt might be due to fungicidal effect of the intermediate products including hydrogen cyanamide and urea from calcium cyanamide.

由氰氮化钙（0.5及1.0%处理者）之抑制曲线在不同的时间出现两个抑制区，而尿素则仅有一个，及氰氮化钙对萎凋病菌菌丝生长及产胞的影响远较尿素为甚，显示氰氮化钙之所以能有效抑制萎凋病的主要因子，或许是来自其中间产物，包括尿素及氟酸的杀菌作用。

The perception of pathogen or microbe-associated molecular pattern molecules by plants triggers a basal defense response analogous to animal innate immunity and is defined partly by the deposition of the glucan polymer callose at the cell wall at the site of pathogen contact.

植物对病原体和微生物相关分子模式的感应，可激发基础防御应答的产生。这类似于动物的先天免疫功能，并且通过细胞壁上病原体连接位点的葡聚糖聚合物胼胝质的沉积，得到了部分的证实。

Appressoria were latent in intercellular cleft and were latent until banana fruit were harvested.The development process of conidia of Colletotrichum musae on fruit was not distinct from foliage and stalk.Two pairs of PCR primers were designed according to the two especial fragment (357bp and 206bp) of Colletotrichum musae. Banana tissue culture seedling genomic DNA, banana anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, mango anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, rubber anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA,watermelon anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, banana crown rot pathogen genomic DNA, stylo anthracnose pathogen genomic DNA, watermelon Fusarium wilt pathogen genomic DNA were extracted using SDS method.

根据香蕉炭疽菌的两个特异片段(分别为357bp和206bp)，设计两对引物：采用SDS法分别提取了香蕉组培苗基因组DNA、香蕉果实炭疽菌弱致病株Z_1基因组DNA、香蕉果实炭疽菌强致病株Z_4基因组DNA、芒果炭疽菌基因组DNA、橡胶炭疽菌基因组DNA、柱花草炭疽菌基因组DNA、西瓜炭疽菌基因组DNA、香蕉冠腐病菌基因组DNA、西瓜枯萎病菌基因组DNA；以上述基因组DNA为模板对特异片段进行PCR验证，证明357bp的片段为Colletotrichum musaes所特有，可以用此片段进行香蕉果实炭疽病的分子检测试验，。

The pathogen grew well on the media using glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, rhamnose or soluble starch as carbon sources. Galactose, xylose, mannite or sorbose was not beneficial for the growth of the pathogen, however. The media with only organic or inorganic nitrogen sources were not suitable for the pathogen growth although organic nitrogen sources were better than inorganic nitrogen sources. The pathogen could also infect Allium cepa L., A. fistulosum L. and A. odorum L. under artificial inoculation conditions.

在碳源中，以对葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖、麦芽糖、鼠李糖和淀粉的利用为佳，而半乳糖、山梨糖、甘露醇、木糖和菊糖不利病菌的生长；有机氮源优于无机氮源，但单独应用有机或无机氮作为营养均不适于此病菌的生长；在人工接种条件下，病菌可侵染葱、洋葱和韭等葱属植物。

The pomegranate scab and fruiting pathogen are belonged to same pathogen and deduced the pathogen infect to pomegranate stem or limb at first and infect calyces and fruit second, the pathogen of pomegranate stem rot mainly infect stem or limb, whether the pathogen infect fruit and produce symptom or...

结果表明：石榴疮痂病与石榴果实上增生型症状的病原菌具有更近的亲缘关系，应为同一病原菌引起，推测该病原菌首先侵染石榴侵染枝干，然后侵染石榴的花萼和果实；而石榴干腐病病原菌主要侵染枝干，是否侵染果实及引起症状特征需要继续进行研究和鉴定。

The biological polymorphism of Cercospora zeae-maydis was studied systematically in the levels of histology, protein and DNA. The major characters in polymorphism of pathogen were listed as follows:(1) The great differences were seen in shapes and sizes of conidiophores, the growth velocity of mycelium and pigment-productivity of colony among pathogen strains. In addition, an albino strain, a kind of mutant, was casually discovered during isolation of pathogen from diseased plants, which supported strongly our previous prediction that there should be some potential genetic variation in Cercospora zeae-maydis.

本研究在组织学、蛋白质和DNA水平上，系统研究了玉米灰斑病菌的生物学多态性，这种多态性主要表现在以下几个方面：①病菌形态学和培养性状多态性：菌株间存在分生孢子形态、菌丝生长速度、菌落产色素能力等方面的差异，该病菌在自然界存在另一种变异类型——白化菌株，说明灰斑病菌的确存在遗传变异的潜能。

The progress levels of symptoms after pathogen infection showed that interaction of gray leaf spot pathogen and host has differentiation or polymorphism. The progress levels of symptoms is different.The aggressively has polymorphism. The pathogenicity of different isolates in same cultivar has polymorphism, or the host reaction type of same isolate in different cultivars has polymorphism.The host reaction type has differentiation. There are seven types of host reaction in cultivar and inbred after infected by GLS pathogen:Rectangular lesion without chlorotic halo, Rectangular lesion with chlorotic halo,Irregular lesion without chlorotic halo,Irregular lesion with chlorotic halo, Spot lesion with chlorotic halo,Rectangular and irregular lesionand Rectangular and spot lesion. The host reaction type is coalesced lesion when disease severely. Frequency of each reaction types is different.

通过对玉米灰斑病菌侵染后的显症过程的系统观察，可在组织水平上说明该病菌与寄主互作反应存在分化或多样性：玉米灰斑病菌不同菌株侵染后显症过程表现出明显的差异；玉米灰斑病菌在侵袭力上存在多样性，菌株间对同一种品种的致病性表现多样化，或者同一菌株对不同品种侵染引起的寄主反应表现为多样性；病斑反应型的分化，玉米灰斑病菌侵染玉米品种或自交系后，主要有7种病斑反应类型，即RH型、RN型、IRH型(不规则形具褪绿晕圈病斑)、IRN型(不规则形无褪绿晕圈病斑)、SH型、RI型(长矩形与不规则形混合病斑)和RS型(长矩形与斑点形混合病斑)，若发病严重，病斑连成片，而且这些反应类型出现的频率也不同。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。