查询词典 particles

With the establishmentof the equivalent medium model, RTM-DRE was applied to study radiative transfer intransparent medium with scattering particles. By taking into account of absorption andscatter of particles, absorption of binder and reflection of interface, the apparent spectrumabsorption model of thermal control coatings was developed by RTM-DRE combined withMies theory. Validity, computational error and time of the model were validated andanalyzed. Furthermore, the apparent spectrum absorption characteristics of thermal controlcoatings were studied, and the influences of optical characteristics of binder and particles,volume fraction of particles, particles diameter, characteristics of interface, and incidentangle of irradiance were analyzed.

采用RTM-DRE研究热控涂层内辐射传递，结合Mie氏散射理论，考虑粒子吸收与散射、基料吸收、界面反射等因素影响，建立热控涂层表观光谱吸收率计算模型，验证计算模型的正确性，分析计算模型的计算误差与计算时间；在此基础上，通过计算热控涂层表观光谱吸收率来研究热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性，分析基料与粒子光学特性、粒子体积份额、粒径、界面反射特性、辐射能量入射角等因素的影响，初步研究空间环境因素对热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性的影响，采用系统灵敏度理论定量分析热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性变化对卫星温度的影响。

In order to analyze the influence of filled metal particles on impact force for hydraulic pile hammer, analytical solution of mathematic model for pile hammer filled with metal particles considering effects of metal particles was presented. In the solution, lumped mass were used as metal particles, a spring was used as contact stiffness between metal particles and hammer body, different variable lumped masses were used as pile hammer, the ram and anvil, a spring and a dashpot were used as the anvil cushion and pile respectively.

为分析填充金属颗粒对打桩锤锤击力的影响，考虑填充金属颗粒的作用，用集中质量块表示填充的金属颗粒，用弹簧模拟金属颗粒与锤体相碰处的接触刚度，用不同的集中质量块表示桩锤、砧座和桩帽，用并联的弹簧、阻尼器表示锤垫，用弹簧表示桩垫，用阻尼器表示桩，建立了平衡方程。

The deformation of conductive particles in pure metal connected by anisotropically conductive adhesives has been investigated using finite element analysis. The results indicate that the increment in stresses of the conductive particles begins at the contact area toward the boundary through the centers of conductive particles when the reduction in height increases. When stress is over the yield strength, the similar behavior was observed. So the deformation of conductive particles is not uniform, which means that the deformation of conductive particles is the same as the stress does.

采用有限元模拟分析了各向异性导电胶连接的纯金属导电颗粒的变形过程，研究结果表明，随着压下量的增加，导电颗粒的应力增加由接触面开始，经中心区域向导电颗粒的周边扩展，大于屈服强度的应力变化与此相似，因此导电颗粒的变形是不均匀的，即导电颗粒的变形由接触面开始，经中心区域向周边区域进行。

The calculation results shows that ,(1) when the rotor rotates at the working speed, a local regurgitant whirlpool that is rightabout to the rotor"s rotating direction appears in the classifying region, which makes the separated granules come back to the outside of the classification district and influences the classification efficiency of the turbine classifier;(2) in the condition of a low rotating speed of turbo rotor, ultrafine particles can follow the gas phase by and large, but when the rotating speed increases, a phenomenon of velocity slippage between two phases appears evidently;(3) A operating parameter, air flow rate is so important that can directly influence the stability of flow field in classifying chamber, the bigger the air flowrate is , the steadier the flow field is;(4) Compared with straight blades, the new shape of blades with backward crooked elbow are helpful to improve the stability of flow field and form whole stream easily, also beneficial to advance the classification accuracy and classification efficiency;(5) The motion trace of particles are very complicated when the turbo rotor rotates at a high speed, the constant bounce of the particles appear between the blades and the coarse particles are even bounce back from the inlet, only the finer can pass through the classification area from the oulet;(6) Along with the increase of the rotor"s rotating speed, radiah axial and tangential velocity all begain to fluctuate repetitively like sine-wave, the smaller the particles are, the more violently they fluctuates.

数值模拟结果表明，(1)在涡轮达到工作转速时，在分级区域形成了一个与涡轮旋转方向相反的局部回流涡，它使得分离出来的细粒重又被带回分级轮外边缘，从而严重影响分级机的分级效率；(2)粉尘粒子在涡轮低速运动情况下，基本上能跟随气体运动，但随着转速加大，两相之间出现了明显的速度滑移现象；(3)分级机工作时的风量也是一个比较重要的操作参数，它可以直接影响到分级机内腔流场的稳定性，风量越大，流场越稳定；(4)同直叶片形状相比较，带后弯导板的叶片，有利于改善流场的稳定性，流场容易形成整体流，对提高分级效率和分级精度都非常有利；(5)粒子轨迹线在涡轮转速较高时十分复杂，有的出现了反复的弹跳现象，大颗粒不能通过分级区域而从进口返流了，只有细小的颗粒才从出口处流出；(6)涡轮转速加大时，粒子的径向、轴向和切向速率出现了明显的类似于正弦波的脉动现象，颗粒越小，脉动程度越为剧烈。

On the other hand, expression of E and PrM proteins of DENV can form heterodimer, which is important for the production of recombinant subviral particles. RSPs have been shown to be a useful tool to study the function of PrM/E proteins as well as a potential serodiagnostic antigen and vaccine candidate.

另一方面，表现登革病毒的E及PrM蛋白质可以交互作用形成异类二聚体，进一步形成重组次病毒颗粒（recombinant subviral particles， RSPs），此为研究PrM及E蛋白质功能的重要工具，也可用於血清诊断试剂及未来疫苗之用。

WC particles also can make the abrasive particles obtuse ,consequently reduce the cutting of abrasive particles to the coating.(7) The coating surface with unsmoothed units make the abrasive particles change moving direction . They can change the ploughing to rolling and bring light longitudinal vibration contributing to reducing the shearing force when the surface are worn by abrasive particles.

具有非光滑结构单元的复合层表面使参与复合材料磨损的磨粒改变运动方向，使之由滑动变为滚动，产生有利于减小切向力的法向微振动，减少磨粒和复合材料的接触面积和作用时间，从而大大减轻了磨粒对复合材料表面的损伤。

The remaining eighteen pigs, served as three viral administered groups, underwent coronary artery ligation and received intramyocardial viral injection. rAAV- GFP group (n=6), rAAV-CD151 group (n=6) and rAAV-antiCD151 group (n=6) animals respectively received direct intra- myocardial injection of rAAV-GFP, rAAV-CD151 and rAAV-antiCD151 1×10~(12 viron particles per pig, at 10 sites correspondingly.

采用三质粒共转染法包装CD151、antiCD151和GFP重组腺相关病毒(recombinant adeno-associated virus，rAAV)。2.1月龄小型猪22头，随机分为4组，分别为正常对照组4头(不予冠脉结扎和注射病毒，正常喂养)，rAAV-GFP组6头结扎冠状动脉左前降支，心肌内分10点注射1×10~(12viron particles的rAAV-GFP病毒，rAAV-CD151组6头结扎冠状动脉左前降支，心肌内分10点注射1×10~(12viron particles的rAAV-CD151病毒，rAAV-antiCD151组6头结扎冠状动脉左前降支，心肌内分10点注射1×10~(12vironparticles的rAAV-antiCD151病毒。

The results indicate that the mass size distribution of fly-ash particles in the inlet of the WFGD system is typically disturbed bimodally, the peaks are approximate at 1 and 3 μm. And the shape of particles is regular sphericity, the mass ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 is about 0.434. The total mass concentration is about 85 mg/m3. In the outlet of the WFGD system, the mass size distribution of fly-ash particles is also bimodal. The proportion of fine particles increased, the mass ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 is about 0.764. Some fine particles are conglutinated and formed irregular agglomerate. The total mass concentration is under 23 mg/m3, the removal efficiency of total particles is 74.5%. The size removal efficiency is decreased observably with the range of particle size decreasing.

结果表明，WFGD系统入口飞灰质量粒径呈典型的双峰分布，峰值分别在1和3 mm处，颗粒多呈规则球形，PM2.5与PM10质量比为0.434，飞灰总浓度约为85 mg/m3标准状态；出口处飞灰质量粒径分布也呈现双峰性，其中细颗粒比例增大，PM2.5与PM10质量比为0.764，细颗粒间相互聚集粘连形成不规则的块状结构，飞灰总浓度在23 mg/m3以下，总飞灰的脱除效率为74.5%，分级脱除效率随粒径减小而明显下降。

E The fractal and spherical particles exist favorably in the coarse fraction, while in the fine mode (0μm) are floccules formed by flocking fine particles together, containing crustal elements and mainly being silicates and aluminosilicates. f The content of Al, Si, Fe in TSP samples is higher than in PM〓, indicating an enrichment of these elements in coarse mode. g Compared with non-dust particles, the dust particles are more homogeneous in terms of morphology, particle size and composition. h Particles with irregular shape and well-distributed size dominate in dust samples, containing crustal elements such as Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Fe et al.

细粒中除小圆球外，大多为细小颗粒聚结在一起的不规则块状颗粒，主要含地壳元素，可能是硅酸盐和铝硅酸盐。fMg、Al、Si、Fe在PM〓中的含量较相应的TSP中的低，可见这些元素主要存在于较粗颗粒中。g沙尘期气溶胶粒子的形貌较非沙尘期单一、均匀，非沙尘气溶胶粒子的形貌、组分较沙尘期复杂。h沙尘期样品中，粒径均匀、形状不规则的颗粒最多，这些颗粒主要含地壳元素Mg、Al、Si、Ca和Fe等，是典型的由源区传输过来的沙尘粒子，但其高硫含量表明在青岛特殊的地理环境下，在粒子表面发生了硫的均相和非均相反应。

The effects of such parameters as temperature, pH, feeding rate,concentration, [NH_3]_T/_T molar ratio, surfactants and agitation, on the morphology and size of the particles, were studied and conclusions obtained are as follows:(1) The morphology and size of the particles are mainly decided by the species of nickel oxalates present.(2) Speeding up dissolution-recrystallization process benefits the preparation of the particles of being composed of a single species with uniform morphology and high aspect ratio.(3) The variations of nucleation and growth supersaturation under different conditions have definite effects on the morphology and size of the particles.(4) Adding PVP25 at a proper amount is beneficial to the preparation of fibrous nickel oxalate particles with high aspect ratio. 3 The formation mechanism as well as the morphology and size control of fibrous cobalt oxalate particlesThe cobalt oxalate particles with fibre morphology were prepared using CoCl_2 solution and mixed(NH_4)_2C_2O_4, NH_3·H_2O solution by a double jet process.

研究了温度、pH值、加料速度、浓度、[NH_3]_T/_T摩尔比、表面活性剂及其添加量、搅拌等对颗粒形貌与粒度的影响，主要结论为：(1)草酸镍化合物种类是决定颗粒形貌与粒度的最主要因素；(2)提高陈化中溶解—再结晶速度，有利于得到物相单一，形貌规整，轴向比大的粉末；(3)不同条件下，颗粒形核与生长过饱和度改变，也会对粉末形貌与粒度产生一定影响；(4)适量添加PVP25有利于大轴向比纤维状草酸镍的制备。3纤维状草酸钴的形成机理及其形貌与粒度控制采用CoCl_2溶液与(NH_4)_2C_2O_4和NH_3·H_2O混合溶液并流加料合成的方法，研究了纤维状草酸钴的制备。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。