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The hardness and wear resistance increase with increasing TiB2 content. Adding about 1.5%Mg in melt restrains the conglobation of the TiB2 particles, which makes the size of TiB2 particle decrease and the distribution of TiB2 particle is more homogeneous. The strengthening effect of TiB2 particles is enhanced and the hardness and wear resistance of composites are obviously improved. The excess Mg decreases the refinement effect of TiB2 particles, but the hardness and wear resistance are improved continuously.

结果表明：反应生成的TiB2颗粒平均尺寸约为0.5 μm，材料的硬度和耐磨性随着TiB2含量的增加而提高；添加1.5%Mg元素可明显细化TiB2颗粒，且使其分布更加均匀，增强TiB2颗粒的弥散强化和细晶强化效果，复合材料的硬度和耐磨性显著改善；过量的Mg元素(3%)会造成TiB2颗粒细化效果的下降，但其硬度和耐磨性能继续得到改善。

Computational algorithms of BEM for both multi connected domain and composites with particle of arbitrary geometry are derived.These BEM algorithms are used to calculate the temperature distributions for composites with both single-particle model and multi-particles models.

首先推导了多连域和含任意形状夹杂复合材料温度场问题的边界元计算格式，随后采用边界元法计算了具有不同形状和界面性能的单夹杂和多夹杂模型内的温度场。

Due to the most of particle size are smaller than critical particle diameter Dp at 1 nm CoPt, the effect of superparamagnetism causes the decrease of coercivity. Approximately, the orientation of magnetic easy axis of CoPt thin films is random.

当CoPt厚度为1 nm时，由於大部分的颗粒尺寸小於临界直径Dp，因此产生超顺磁效应，造成整体薄膜之矫顽磁力的下降，大致上，於700℃退火30分钟之CoPt单层薄膜的易磁化轴方向呈现random orientation。

At last,a optical engineering software is introduced to simulate optical scattering in the deep sea water ,and studys the corelation between scattering and relative refractive index,particle density and particle size in the sea water.

最后通过光学工程软件对海水中的散射进行仿真实验，研究散射与海水中粒子密度、粒子大小和相对折射率的关系。

Using the damping scaling theory of the free current in cosmism,it unitedly estimated that the mass and radius of the classical black hole, Planck particle ,nucleon,electron,particle of dark matter,and photon.

讨论了多成分宇宙中稳定粒子的基本性质，用宇宙演化中的自由流阻尼标度理论统一估算了经典黑洞、普朗克粒子、核子、电子、暗物质粒子、光子的质量和半径，量级与某些已知数据相符。

In this region, though the particle has been over the springpoint, the particle can still be kept in a steady damped oscillation but not flying lost predicted by the Davis theory.

首次从理论上证实了颗粒在电动悬浮天平中的状态除了静止悬浮和振荡飞失之外，还存在一个过渡区，此时颗粒虽然越过了Davis理论定义的弹跳点，但仍能保持稳定的阻尼振荡，而非Davis理论所预测的飞失状态。

A ligand is particle with a lone pair which forms a dative covalent bond to the central particle.

changes。配体具有不同的尺寸这意味着可和中心正离子配对的数目不同。

For the composites with a low content of TiC particle, the rupture manner was mainly the nucleation of cavity and following ductility splitting fracture. But for the composites with a high content of TiC particle, the cracking and decohesion of TiC particles were the main rupture mechanism. For the composite containing a middle TiC content, the rupture mechanism consisted of the above two styles, but the former was the dominating mechanism and the later was the subordinate mechanism.

对TiC体积分数较低的钢基复合材料，拉伸过程中TiC颗粒界面上的孔洞形核及随后塑性撕开机制是其断裂失效的主要机制；对TiC体积分数较高的钢基复合材料，拉伸过程中TiC颗粒的开裂及脱落是其断裂失效的主要机制：对TiC体积分数介于上述两者之间的钢基复合材料，拉伸过程中TiC颗粒界面上的孔洞形核及随后塑性撕开机制在其断裂失效过程中占主要地位，而TiC颗粒的开裂及脱落占次要地位。

The results under the oil lubricate friction conditions were similar with those under the dry friction conditions. The wear mechanism of 3Cr13 matrix alloy was micro-cutting and distorting wear. For the composites with a low fraction of TiC particle, distorting wear dominated and cutting was partly operating. For the composites with a high fraction of TiC particle, stress fatigue wear and wear of hard phase decohesion has occurred, but the main wear mechanism was still distorting wear. When the wear experiments were performed under the oil lubricate friction conditions, the main wear mechanism has became to abrasive wear and fatigue wear for the composites with the low TiC fraction, and fatigue wear would be to dominate for the composites with the high TiC fraction. There were similar wear mechanisms in H13 and 1Cr18Ni9 matrix composites.

在干摩擦条件下，3Cr13基体合金的磨损机理为显微切削和变形磨损；低体积分数的复合材料磨损机制以变形磨损为主，兼有少量的切削磨损机制；高体积分数的复合材料磨损机制以变形磨损为主，兼有应力疲劳磨损和脆性相剥落磨损；在油润滑摩擦条件下，3Cr13基体合金的磨损以磨粒磨损为主；低体积分数的复合材料磨损为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损；高体积分数的复合材料磨损以疲劳磨损为主。H13、1Cr18Ni9基体及其复合材料的磨损机制类似于3Cr13基体及其相同体积分数的复合材料。

The performance of traditional particle filter would be degenerate in alpha stable distribution noise.A new fractional lower order particle filter based on fractional lower order model was presented in this paper,and the detailed operation algorithm was proposed.

在alpha稳定分布噪声下，传统的基于二阶模型的粒子滤波器性能会出现退化，文章提出了一种基于分数低阶模型的分数低阶粒子滤波器，并给出了具体的运算公式。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。