查询词典 participants

Results Overall 1 582 participants were interviewed.67.8% of the participants was not clear that chancroid was STD;23.7% thought that cervical erosion was STD;59.6% thought mosquitos biting was one of routes of AIDS infecton.Only 50.7% of the participants knew AIDS differing from HIV infection.

结果 共调查1 582人，67.8%的妇女不清楚软下疳是否为性病；23.7%的妇女认为宫颈糜烂是性病；59.6%的妇女认为蚊叮虫咬能传染艾滋病；只有50.7%的妇女认为艾滋病病毒携带者与艾滋病病人有区别。

P×P and P were two major non-Bayesian algorithms. 6 Less than 25% of the participants used frequency. In those who got other results except P , much more people used probability. Experiment 2 had a randomized multigroup posttest design. There was only one factor named implied condition which had five levels: not imply, imply P, imply addition, imply division and imply all. The results showed that: 1 All the implied conditions significantly improved the participants' performance. When under the condition of implying division, the participants derived the best results. 2 31.9% of the participants got correct answer, 73% of who used frequency to rewrite the information. 3 78% of the participants could apply one or several of the four concepts: probability of "not the event", multiplication rule, addition rule and condition probability.

结果表明：1 被试的估计受问题内容的影响，权威型问题情境容易使被试高估，非权威型问题情境使被试的高估现象大大减少；数据结构和提问形式对被试估计不产生影响。2 有近5%的被试能正确估计P，其中 73%使用频数对信息进行再表征。3 贝叶斯推理中各分步骤的困难程度由低到高分别是：乘法、P、加法、除法。4 有50%的被试能运用对立事件概率、概率乘法、概率加法、条件概率这四个概念中的一种或者几种。5 使用最多的两种非贝叶斯算法是P×P和P。6 不到25%的被试使用频数；求得除P以外各类结果的被试中，使用概率的人数远多于使用频数的。

The researchers report they found a significant curvilinear association between BMI and baseline cognition for both black (-0.0014; P =.001) and nonblack (-0.0011; P =.002) participants and a small positive effect of increased BMI on the rate of cognitive decline over the 6-year period for both groups."These associations were substantially reduced and no longer significant in both groups when we dropped those participants with a MMSE score of less than 24, suggesting the observed associations may have been influenced by those participants with preclinical early dementia," the authors write.

研究者报告指出，他们发现，黑人(-0.0014； P =。001)和非黑人(-0.0011； P =。002)两组的BMI，与开始时的认知之间都有显著的曲线关系，且两组在6年追踪期间，BMI增加对认知衰退比率稍有正面效果；作者表示，当我们排除那些分数小於24者，这两组的这些关联都相当程度地降低且不再明显，显示所观察到的关联可能受到那些临床前早发失智症者的影响。

Participants and methods 1、All participants were diagnosed with NAFLD byabdominal ultrasonography in lst affiliated hospital of JI NAN University frommay 2006 to march 2007. 2、All participants had no history of viral hepatitis orexcessive drinking(alcohol intake less than 140g per week for male and 70g perweek for female). 3、Detail history, anthropometrical parameters (height,weight,waistline and hipline). A B-mode ultrasonic examination was performed todetermine the liver fat content and participants were divided into the following threegroups based on their liver fat content: mild fatty degeneration group, moderate fattydegeneration group,severe fatty degeneration group.

对象与方法1、本研究以2006年9月至2007年3月在暨南大学附属第一医院内分泌科门诊、消化科门诊和体检中心初诊为NAFLD者为研究对象，总共有NAFLD组病人405例，男性232例，女性173例，年龄在20-80岁之间，平均年龄56.6±6.89岁，按B超的检查结果NAFLD组病人分为轻度NAFLD组、中度NAFLD组、重度NAFLD组，各组性别构成和年龄差异无统计学意义。2、选择年龄在20-80岁之间的健康体检者并行B超检查排除NAFLD者为对照组，共119例。

On the other hand, within the group of participants who received WOM that contains comparative information, they are likely to be more subjective on their purchase decision than the other group of participants, which means participants tend to be more secure, unconfused, and less likely to anticipate regret for their purchase decision when receiving with comparative information.

另外，当受测者所浏览的口碑资讯中，有包含「比较性资讯」时，即内容涉及两款或两款以上产品比较之资讯，其「决策主观状态」会较口碑内容无比较性口碑的组别要来的好，亦即有资讯内容有包含比较性资讯时，较能使受测者对决策感到确定、不困惑且预期未来发生后悔的可能性较低。

There were no significant facilitating effects to the retention of signaled information in the overuse of text signals condition, but there were in the selective use of text signals condition. Experiment 3, in which 2 small experiments contained, studied the effects of reader-based factors. Experiment 3a examined the effects of the familarity to the text topics and the readers' reading levels. Experiment 3b explored the effects of cognitive style and the intention to use the text signals. The results were as the follows: There were no significant difference between the signaled and unsignaled conditions in the circumstance of high familarity to the text topics, but there were significant differences between them in the circumstances of lower familarity to the text topics. There were no significant differences between the signaled and unsignaled conditions for the field-independent participants, but there were for the field-dependent participants. All the participants with different reading levels were helped by the text signals.

实验3 对不同主体因素条件下文章标记效应进行了研究，分2个分实验，实验3a以高中二年级学生为被试，研究了文章主题熟悉程度与阅读水平对文章标记效应的影响，实验3b以初中二年级学生为被试，探索了读者不同的认知方式与标记利用的意向对文章标记效应的影响，实验3结果发现，读者的阅读水平、对文章主题的熟悉程度、认知方式和利用标记意向等因素影响着文章标记效应，在文章主题熟悉的条件下，有无文章标记无显著差异，但在主题不熟悉条件下，有文章标记的效果显著优于无标记的效果；对场独立被试而言，有无标记无显著差异，但对场依存被试来说，有标记条件显著优于无标记条件；文章标记对不同阅读水平被试都有显著促进效应；文章标记利用意向对场独立与场依存被试都有显著促进效应。

The objectives of the workshop were to: expose participants to new trends on Interactive Radio Instruction; acquaint them with new skills and knowledge on IRI methodology, scripting and project cycle management; inculcate basic skills to enable participants facilitate, monitor and evaluate the project.; create a forum for interaction amongst the implementers of the project and front line workers to evolve best approaches to be adopted to move the IRI project forward, and to enhance the knowledge, skills and competencies of participants to strengthen their capacity to mobilise and sensitise pastoralists to support the IRI project initiative in schools.

此次研讨会有几个目标：介绍有关互动式广播教学的新趋势；透过训练，让参与者熟悉该教学方法，教案的写作及评估管理；灌输有助于有效执行与评估教案的基本技能；在所有的参与者之间，包括执行该训练计画的人以及第一线的工作人员，创造一个能够互动对话的空间，以引导出让互动式广播教学得以顺利进行的最佳方式；以及，增加所有参与者的知识，技能与竞争力以强化他们动员牧民的能力，让互动式教学能在学校顺利展开。

Study 2 used 2(conflict target: supervisor/subordinate)×3(conflict management mode: integrating/obliging/dominating ) design, letting participants to evaluate the effeciency and appropriateness of the management mode used in the contexts. The results showed:(1) the integrating mode were perceived most efficient and appropriage within the three conflict modes;(2) the interaction between the referent role of conflict object and the management mode is significant, which means when the conflict took place with the supervisor, the participants thought the obliging mode was more appropriate and efficient , while when it took place between the subordinate, they thought the dominating mode was more appropriate and efficient than obliging mode.(3)the interaction between SDO and conflict management mode is significant, which means the participants with high SDO would make no preference between obliging and dominating mode, but the participates with low SDO would favor the dominating rather than obliging mode;(4) the interaction between dialectical ways of thinking and conflict management mode is significant, the lower the level of dialectical way of thinking the participants were, the more difference were found between the appraisal of obliging and dominating mode.(5) the moderating effect of SDO and dialectical ways of thinking to the relationship between conflict object and management mode were not significant, which means the relative position of conflict object in China is so strong that can't be affected by SDO and dialectical ways of thinking.

研究二采用2*3（冲突处理方式：迁就/支配/整合）的情境设计，让被试对情境中冲突主角的冲突处理方式进行恰当有效性的评价，结果显示： 1、在与上级或下级发生冲突时，被试对迁就、支配和整合三种策略中整合式的恰当有效性的评价最高；2、冲突对象的相对地位与冲突处理方式之间的交互作用显著，即当与上级发生冲突时，被试认为使用迁就的处理方式比支配的方式更恰当有效，而与下级发生冲突时，被试则认为使用支配的处理方式比迁就的方式更有效； 3、SDO与冲突处理方式之间的交互作用显著，即SDO水平高的被试对迁就式与支配式的认知评价没有差异，而SDO水平低的被试对支配式比迁就式有更高的评价；4、辩证思维水平与冲突处理方式之间的交互作用显著，即低辩证思维水平的个体比高辩证的个体对支配式与迁就式的评价差异更大；5、SDO水平及辩证思维方式水平对冲突对象影响冲突处理方式评价的程度的调节作用不显著。

This scheme uses random numbers to protect the secret values generated by the relative secret sharing algorithm and distributed to the participants. Therefore a group signature of an authorized subset of participants cannot be impersonated by any other set of participants, and forgers can be found. Meanwhile any participant can detect wrong secret shares.

该方案采用随机数隐藏秘密共享方案分配给各参与者的秘密值，能使一个授权子集的群签名不能被其他参与者子集所伪造，而且可以发现伪造者，同时任何参与者都能检测出错误的子秘密。

The result of switching function experiment shows: the mean switching RT of the participants with low arithmetic ability is longer than that of the participants with high arithmetic ability both on common figures condition and on special figures condition, and the mean switching wrong rate of the participants with low arithmetic ability is higher than that of the participants with high arithmetic ability on both conditions.

转换实验研究结果表明：在常见图形和特殊图形两种条件下，数学能力低的儿童，其平均反应时均长于数学能力高的儿童；数学能力低的儿童，其平均错误率均高于数学能力高的儿童。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。