查询词典 partial derivative

The Frechet derivative of the cost function is determined via the solution of an adjoint partial differential equation, and the boundary shape is then modified in a direction of descent. This process is repeated until an optimum solution is approached. The advantage is that the cost function variation is independent of the flow field variation, with the result that the gradient of cost function with respect to arbitrary number of design variables can be determined without the need for additional flow-field evaluations. So each design cycle requires the numerical solution of both the flow and the adjoint equations leading to a computational cost roughly equal to the cost of two flow solutions.

虽然他们的研究成果大多数都可以在公开性文献上看到，但是其中一些具体的细节问题的处理方法却没有透露，比如：伴随方程如何离散求解才能减小最终梯度计算中的误差，使得设计过程有效地进行；伴随方程与流动方程的边界条件是不同的，如何合理地处理伴随方程的边界条件，才能推动设计过程朝着设计目标而发展；在减阻问题中目标函数如何定义，求解梯度的具体数学公式如何推导，如何通过数值方法来实现它们等。

The existence of global weak solution for a class of generalized Ginzburg-Landau equations with an inhomogeneous boundary condition was studied. Some integral indentities of smooth solution of inhomogeneous initial boundary value problem of Ginzburg-Landau equations were deduced, by which a priori estimates of the square norm on boundary of normal derivative and the square norm of partial derivatives were obtained.

研究具非线性边界条件的一类广义Ginzburg＿Landau方程解的整体存在性·推导了Ginzburg＿Landau方程的非齐次初边值问题光滑解的几个积分恒等式，由此得到了解的法向导数在边界上的平方模以及解的平方模和导数的平方模估计；通过逼近技巧、先验估计和取极限方法证明了Ginzburg＿Landau方程的非齐次初边值问题整体弱解的存在性

First derivative combined with standard normal variate was used to pretreat spectra, and calibration model for ginsenosides had been built by partial least squares regression method.

标准正则变换结合一阶导数对光谱进行预处理后，采用偏最小二乘回归算法建立在线测量总皂苷浓度的近红外光谱校正模型。

The NIRS quantitative analysis model was developed for measuring MBM content in fish meal by using partial least squares. The initial spectrum was pretreated by standard normalized variate, 7 point smoothind and one derivative respectively.

应用偏最小二乘定标方法，在8 678.10~4 250.34cm^(-1)波数范围内，采用变量标准化、7点平滑和一阶导数对光谱进行预处理，建立了鱼粉中肉骨粉含量的NIRS定量分析模型。

In this paper,two nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filtering methods are presented and they are based on the multispectral anisotropic diffusion models proposed by Pope and Acton.We build a couple of new diffusion coefficients in partial derivative equation based on Tukey's biweight estimator error norm by recurring to the relationship between robust statistics and anisotropic diffusion incorporated with the nonlinear time-dependent cooling technique for gradient threshold.

在Pope和Acton提出的两个多光谱图像各向异性扩散滤波模型的基础上，通过各向异性扩散和稳健统计学的联系，建立了基于B iwe ight Estim ator误差模型的扩散系数，同时利用非线性退化技术对梯度阈值的改进，提出了两个基于各向异性扩散方程的非线性滤波方法。

In this paper we have shown that if the partial derivative of function f with respect to x is uniformly continuous then total stability of zero solution of system implies uniformly exponential asymptotic stability of zero solution.

本文证明了若系统有一致连续的偏导数，则系统的零解在经常扰动下稳定可推出零解一致指数型渐近稳定。

One can obtain the explicit formulation to calculate the displacement through setting the partial derivative of object function to zero.

通过偏导数等於零，得到求解位移向量的显式运算式，算法具有设计合理、实现简便、计算量小等特点。

The canonic OC expansion of the first-order Boolean partial derivative of the OC type logic function was discussed.

讨论了OC型逻辑函数一阶布尔偏导数的规范OC展开式。

Investigation of major metabolic pathways of SFZ-47 in animals The metabolites of SFZ-47 in rabbit urine following oral administration were separated and detected with HPLC and LC-MS methods. On the basis of the chromatographic behavior and mass spectra of the metabolites as well as biotransformation pathways of drugs with the partial structure of SFZ-47, the hydroxylic derivative 4-(3H-1, 2- dihydro-1-pyrrolizinone-2-methylamino benzyl alcohol and the carboxylic derivative 4-(3H-1, 2-dihydro-1-pyrrolizinone-2-methylamino benzoic acid of SFZ-47 were proposed as two potential metabolites and were synthesized.

在动物体内主要代谢途径的确定用HPLC和LC-MS对家兔口服SFZ-47后尿中的代谢物进行了分离、检测，根据代谢产物的色谱和质谱行为以及与SFZ-47有类似结构部分的其它药物的代谢途径，推测其羟基衍生物[4-（3H-1，2-二氢-1-吡咯里嗪酮-2-甲基胺基）苯甲醇]与羧基衍生物[4-（3H-1，2-二氢-1-吡咯里嗪酮-2-甲基胺基）苯甲酸]是两种可能的代谢产物，遂用化学方法合成了这两种衍生物。

To reduce or remove size effect, the size classification elimination method, volume average method and normalization method based on volume were presented and the calibration and prediction results indicate that these three methods could reduce or remove the size effect effectively. The normalization method is more suit to in-line application and obtained better calibration and prediction results with the r of 0.789, 0.858 and 0.947, the RMSEC of 0.596, 0.499 and 0.313, and the RMSEP of 0.606, 0.686 and 0.413 than the results without normalization with the r of 0.716, 0.793 and 0.848, the RMSEC of 0.678, 0.592 and 0.515 and the RMSEP of 0.825, 0.764 and 0.714 for the original spectra, the first derivative spectra and the second derivative spectra with soluble solids content using partial least square method , respectively. 4. Owing to much thick skin of watermelon, contrast experiment was conducted in skin-peeled watermelon and intact watermelon to compare the influence of skin on spectra.

针对西瓜果型大且差异显著的特点，研究果型差异对可见／近红外光谱以及建模与预测结果的影响，并提出三种方法消除或减小这一影响因素，分别是分级消除法、体积平均法和基于体积的正则化方法，其中基于体积的正则化方法，更适合在线生产应用，该方法使果型大小差异明显样品的原始光谱、一阶微分光谱、二阶微分光谱在对可溶性固形物含量检测时，采用偏最小二乘法的建模与预测结果由原来的校正相关系数r分别为0.716、0.793、0.848提高到r分别为0.789、0.858、0.947，均方根校正标准偏差RMSEC由原来的0.678、0.592、0.515分别降为0.596、0.499、0.313，均方根预测标准偏差RMSEP由原来的0.825、0.764、0.714分别降为0.606、0.686、0.413； 4。

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Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。