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Ten optic disc stereometric parameters including"tw o-dimensional","three-dimensional"and "RNFL-related"parameters were acqu ired to assess the intraobserver and interobserver reproduci...

结果：观察者内和观察者间各视盘参数的ICC值均较高，分别为，正常人组0.811～0.998和0.724～0.963，青光眼组0.803～0.996和0.637～0.897，其中观察者间各视盘参数测量的ICC值在正常人组和青光眼组差异有显著性(P=0.000)，ICC值在&二维&视盘参数、&三维&视盘参数及&与视网膜神经纤维层相关的&视盘参数呈递减分布。

Through simulation of the real process of thomcolumbar burst fracture and use of modem dynamics techniques, the present study was (1) to investigate the kinetic relationship between structural damage and impact energy absorption and dynamics mechanism of thoracolumbar burst fracture by quantitative analysis of various injured segments;(2) to explore the instability mechanism of L1 vertebral burst fracture and its injury threshold by three-dimensional analysis of the injured segment with stereophotogrammetry in combination of transient physical parameters, anatomy and image;(3) to explore the corresponding relationships between impact energy, geometry parameters and biomechanics by geometry and biomechanical analysis of thoracolumbar burst fracture, which may provide an objective standard for evaluation of spinal injury severity and experimental evidence for adoption of biomechanical treatment in clinic;(4) to evaluate the fixation effect of different instruments and the effect of intervertebral bone graft on segment fixation by analysis of the threedimensional stability of different internal fixation instruments and their decompression of the spinal canal, which may provide experimental evidence for therapeutical selection for thoracolumbar burst fracture in future; and finally to investigate the effect of various instrument fixation on dynamical characteristics by comparison and quantitative analysis of frequency and amplitude responses, which may provide certain theories and experimental evidence for application of vibration test to judge the stability of the spine.

本研究从胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折发生的实际过程出发，以现代动力学检测及计算机多通道高性能数据采集分析系统等高新技术为基础，实时量化分析损伤节段的工程参数，揭示了结构破坏与能量吸收的变化规律，探讨了胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折的瞬态损伤机制；利用三维立体摄像技术，对不同损伤程度的节段进行三维运动分析，结合瞬态物理参数、影像学和病理解剖，明确了〓椎体爆裂骨折的失稳机制及损伤阈值；通过对胸腰椎爆裂骨折的几何学变化及生物力学分析，明确了撞击能量与几何参数、几何参数与生物力学的相应关系，为评判脊柱损伤程度提供了客观标准，为治疗中采取适宜的生物力学方法提供了实验依据；通过对比分析不同内固定器械的三维稳定性和对椎管的减压作用，评价不同器械的复位固定作用，同时比较椎体间植骨对节段固定作用的影响，为今后临床胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折的治疗选择提供依据；利用振动测试与分析技术，比较及量化分析了不同致伤状况的频幅响应特征，比较分析了各种器械固定对动力学特性的影响，为今后临床建立基于振动测试与分析技术判断脊柱稳定性的诊断方法，提供了一定的理论和实验依据。

By cultivating Stizolobium hassjoo cells which produce L-DOPA, the effects of these parameters were appraised by KLa, Dissolved Oxygen mixing intensity, off-gas composition, SOUR and SCER (specific carbon dioxide evolution rate) which were thought to be the important parameters for bioreactor cultivating plant cells.

培养过程测量溶氧，出口气体组成，比氧气消耗速率，比二氧化碳生产速率及反应器之KLa，混合强度等以评估各操作条件下培养之成效。

On the basis of summarizing the application of the Penman-Monteith model in forest underlying surface, the evaluating method and significance of many parameters were expounded. The calculating methods of the key parameters were discussed including net radiation, aerodynamics resistance and canopy layer stomatic resistance, some problems were analyzed and some suggestions were given for practical application of this model in forest evaportranspiration research.

中文摘要： Penman—Monteith公式是在蒸散研究中应用最多，也是变化形式最多的方法，该文在对目前Penman—Monteith模型在森林下垫面中应用总结的基础上，阐述了其中众多参数的意义和常用的确定方法，着重探讨了影响该模型精确性的关键因子净辐射、空气动力学阻力和冠层阻力的计算方法，并分析了Penman—Monteith模型在实际应用中存在的一些问题，提出了该模型在今后森林蒸散研究中发展的思路。

Aforementioned approaches is presented for the estimation of the parameters of acomplex structural system-the foundation- silo interaction system. The identificationendeavour with the method of substructural parameters identification technique is accomplished by dividing system into upside configuration and foundation substructure.

把以上建立的解决复杂结构参数识别的方法应用到贮仓一地基相互作用系统的参数识别中，把上部结构和地基作为两个子结构，运用动态子结构参数识别方法分别进行了参数识别。

ABSTRACT : Based on the general circuit model of inter-phase power controller, the basic relationship of steady-state voltage of IPC is analyzed in this paper. Consequently a new concept is proposed to describe the basic feasible region of steady-state voltage of tuned IPC and its basic forms is defined under the conditions of tuned parameters. On the basis of aforementioned work, the respective regions in case of equivalent load in receiving end, susceptance of inductor and capacitor and parameters of phase shifter meeting the requirements of basic feasible region of voltage is mainly analyzed. Finally, the differences of feasible region of various TIPC with simulations are given.

首先，基于相间功率控制器的通用电路模型，分析了IPC稳态电压的基本关系；其次，针对参数共轭条件，提出并定义了调谐型IPC正常稳态运行电压基本可行域的概念及其基本形式，并在此基础上，重点解析了受端等效负荷、电容和电感的电纳、移相环节参数在满足电压基本可行域的前提下各自应该界定的基本可行域；最后，通过典型TIPC的仿真分析，说明了不同TIPC在基本可行域方面存在的差异。

In this paper, the stress and strain fields of lithosphere in Himalayan Western Syntaxis orogenic belt and its adjacent areas since 10Ma are investigated through using the 3-D finite-element simulation, and deformation and evolution process in former 2Ma are simulated with different rheological parameters and rheological structure. Studies on functions in simulation process of different viscosity parameters, constitutive relation and changes of initial curst thickness show below results:(1) When various viscoelastic models are adopted, the selection of the coefficient of viscosity in the Western Syntaxis area has important influence on the its uplifts and evolutions. The computational results show that the viscosity in the Western Syntaxis area should be smaller than 1023Pa·s;(2) When the elastic model is adopted in relatively rigid Tarim basin, obvious changes are induced to the stress and strain fields of the whole Western Syntaxis area;(3) The existence of mechanical property stable block doesn′t make the propagation of the stress field show obvious decoupling phenomenon.

用数值模拟的方法探讨了自10 Ma以来喜马拉雅弧形造山带的西构造结及邻区岩石圈的形变和位移变化特征，并采用不同的流变参数和流变结构模拟了前2 Ma内的形变和应力场的演化过程，通过对不同黏性系数、本构关系和初始地壳厚度的改变在演化过程中所起的作用研究表明：（1）采用黏弹性模型时，西构造结区黏性参数的选取对西构造结及邻区隆升高度和隆升范围有重要影响，计算结果给出西构造结区地壳黏性系数应小于1023Pa·s；（2）相对刚性的塔里木盆地采用弹性结构时，对整个西构造结区域的应力和应变场均能引致明显变化；（3）力学性质稳定块体的存在并没有使应力场的传播出现明显的解耦现象。

Basing on my own experimental results and that of theSLA researcher (Takayuki Nakamori 2001), I come to this tentative conclusion: UGPrinciples are accessible to all L2 learners, no matter whether the principles are instantiatedin the L1 or not; with respect to the parameters, the parametric values instantiated in the L1are initially available; while the two languages differ in parameter settings, someparameters can be resettable but to some other parameters, such as the Spec-parameter that isassociated with functional categories, become difficult even closed to the resetting; otherwiseevery L2 learner can acquire the target language successfully as well as the native speakerdoes.

根据自己的实验结果及第二语言研究者(Takayuki Nakamori 2001)的实验结果得出了这样一个结论：普遍语法中的原则对所有的第二语言习得者来说仍然可及，不管这些原则是否体现在第一语言中；但在参数方面，体现在第一语言里的参数值在第二语言习得中是可以首先习得的，但当第一语言和第二语言的参数值不同时，某些参数可以重新设定而对某些参数例如与功能管辖范围相关的具体参数就很难甚至不能重新设定；否则每一个第二语言习得者都能像母语习得者习得母语那样成功地习得目标语。

The study on the magnetics mechanism of titanomagnetite indicates that the magnetic parameters of the titanomagnetite have the most direct and closest relationship with its particle size, ie. each magnetic parameter increased slowly with particle size decreased, then the magnetic parameters have mutated when the particle size decreased to 0.045mm.

钛磁铁矿磁学机理研究表明，钛磁铁矿磁性参数与粒度有最直接最密切的关系，即随着粒度变细，各磁性参数先是缓慢增大，当粒度降至0.045mm时，产生突变。

And their fractal figures have been drawn. Meanwhile, to obtain a better visual effect and simulate actual natural scene, software adopts the real color and color palette to enrich figures, and color animated cartoon to change them. To show the self-similarity and infinitive tractility of fractal figures, partial zoom has been made on them. In addition, the software also provides several groups of graphic parameters. Very different fractal figure can be created through slightly changing such parameters.

本文运用分形理论实现多种分形算法，在计算机上生成Mandelbrot集，Julia集，L系统，IFS迭代函数系统等典型的分形图形，同时运用真彩色及调色板技术丰富图形的色彩，实现了色彩动画，使其更真实的模拟自然景物；运用鼠标编程技术实现对图形局部的放大和缩小，体现分形图形的自相似性和无限延展性；提供多组参数，利用分形图形的混沌特性，通过微小的参数变化，生成完全不同的分形图形。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。