查询词典 paper-mache

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

Thirdly, the paper planeness in large paper roll it, the more core to the volume of paper, thicker, the greater the difference.

第不一，纸弛的裂缝量在不小纸卷时最坏，越向卷芯越不不不不差，纸弛越薄这种不不不不差别不离越不小。

We believe that only in this way can we guarantee that every time the location of the paper are both accurate and consistent, and only planeness a consistent feed in order to ensure that paper paper "" Nano-imprint lithography or the status of the area are the same, so as to overprinter has created a favourable conditions and a high degree of avoids "" and swing angle.

我们觉得只有这样才能包管纸张屡屡定位都既是不确的又是分歧的，而且只有裂缝量分歧的输纸台才不妨包管纸纸出去&压印区&的状况也是分歧的，从而为套印创设了不利条件并很不小水平的制止了&甩角&的弊病。

Quantitative analysis can be divided into 50－350g/m2, with no degradation of thin-film, anti-false, easy to use design-pattern, the paper surface gloss over foil, aucilisty, ployster polychloride membrane mirror paper, cards and membership cards make good adaptability, coating and pictorial proof alkali resistance, high alcohol being polished, scrap rate and business card printing and membership card making difficult well below the foil and polished to a mirror of paper.

定量可分为50－350g/m2，无薄膜、易降解、防伪图案采用隐含式设计，该纸表面光泽度超过铝箔纸、pET、聚酯聚铝膜镜面纸、制卡和会员卡制作适应性好，涂层和图案耐酸碱、耐汽油、耐酒精擦拭，废品率和制卡和会员卡制作难度大大低于铝箔纸和镜面纸。

This paper also brings forward the strategic target of planning and designing the green system in this region to provide reference and guidance for planning work. Based on GIS, this paper analyzes landscape spatial pattern, dynamic pattern and landscape functional division. And it holds out the planning project to major the structure of green system in the research zone. And that is the core content in this research. There is peculiar sense to represent and extend the psammophyte garden in justifying the agriculture framework in the research zone. So this paper takes the psammophyte garden as a concrete unit to proceed landscape eco-designing.

在对研究区的自然、社会环境及其景观生态基本特征等深入分析的基础上，提出了该地区绿地系统景观生态规划与设计的目标，为规划工作提供依据与指导；在地理信息系统支持下，进行景观生态分类与制图、景观空间格局及其动态分析以及景观功能分区，在此基础上提出研究区绿地系统结构优化的规划方案，这是本研究的核心内容；由于沙生植物园区的示范推广对研究区的农业结构调整具有特殊的意义，因此，本文以白埕村沙生植物园区作为具体单元，进行景观生态设计。

The work of this paper is as follows: 1. Looking back the progressing history of the linear motor, introducing the features of the elevator driven by linear induction motor, radicating the topic of this paper "the digital frequency variable control of the elevator bi-side direct driven by linear induction motor". The research of this paper covers the conventional VVVF control, space vector based VVVF control, vector control and DTC.

本文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作： 1 回顾了直线电机发展历史，电机的驱动技术演变，特别是针对直线电机的驱动，简要介绍了直线感应电机驱动电梯的优点和不同结构类型，对传统的v／f控制，基于空间矢量法的v／f控制，矢量控制，和基于电压空间矢量的直接转矩控制进行了比较，确立了本课题的研究主题：直线感应电机双边直推式驱动电梯的全数字变频控制。

One of the factor arousing fund risks of social endowment insurance system is falseness of premium-paid base, so necessary steps should be take to assure its authenticity and avoid decrease recessively of the fund.this paper expounds the situation of fund risks of social security pension system by applying a great deal data . Then taking the current system in Zhejiang province as an example, the paper analyzes whether the current system corresponds to by mainly applying the method of game theory . Based on these detailed analysis. Meanwhile by comparing the typical pension system of other countries, the paper puts forward our target system in the future.

文章以大量数据说明当前基本养老保险基金风险的严重情况，指出基本养老保险缴费基数是导致基金风险的重要原因，然后以浙江省基本养老保险制度为例，阐述缴费基数不实的种种表现，并结合博弈论等方法分析这些因素出现的深层次原因，在此基础上，运用精算学理论揭示基本养老保险缴费基数与基金风险之间的关系，分析缴费基数不实的危害性，重点为缴费基数不实导致基金养老保险基金流失的实证分析，最后总结全文，有针对性地提出提高缴费基数真实性的政策建议。

Traditional pen and paper has its own fault, such as the content in a paper is difficult to modify or reprocess and information kept in a paper lack of effective way of maintenance and search, whereas computer is superior in those aspects.

但传统的纸笔工具有许多缺点，如纸上记录的内容难以修改和再加工，大量的信息缺乏有效的维护和检索等等。然而，纸笔工作方式的这些弱点却正好是计算机在信息处理方面的优势。

The paper attempts to design and development a new type of hydraulic pump. It is the design of combining the advantages of sucker rod pump and rodless botttom hole pump, without pumping rod,and depends on the hydraulic system on the ground providing the impetus. The paper uses the pump Swabbing Principle to design the main parts of the pump structure and size, analyses and calculates the up down stroke of the piston and the switching process of pump valve, uses the finite element method to analyse the main force summing element and check intensity, and designs a ground hydraulic control system to match it. Considering the need of deep mining, salvage equipment is designed. The design shows that there is feasible and reliable to realize the exploitation underground using the new hydraulic pump. The design idea in this paper enlightens the rodless botttom hole pump production in the future and other similar issues.

本文尝试一种新型液力泵的设计和开发，它的设计思想是结合有杆泵和无杆泵各自的优点，取消抽油杆，依靠地面液压系统提供动力，本文从抽油泵抽汲原理出发，设计了抽油泵主要部件的结构和尺寸，对上下冲程柱塞的运动规律和泵阀启闭过程进行分析和计算，使用有限元法对主要零件进行了受力分析和强度校核，并设计与之配套使用的地面液压控制系统，考虑深井开采的需要，一并设计了打捞装置，为理论上实现了这种新型液力抽油泵井下开采的可行性和可靠性做了一些基础的工作，本文的设计思路对今后无杆泵采油等类似问题的研究做了有益的尝试。

The breakthroughs in methods are the following:(1) Rather than scrappily introducing the various techniques of TLG, this paper emphasizes the profound mechanism which functions from the introduction to the modification, and further to the perfection of these techniques;(2) This paper displays the main characteristics and original techniques of TLG by means of its comparison with other theories of language; Section Six illustrates the writing features and frame of this paper.

方法上的突破主要有两点：(1)本文并不是零散地介绍类型—逻辑语法的各种技术手段；而是重在揭示它们从提出、到改进、再到完善的深刻动因；(2)本文通过与其它语言理论相比较的方法来展现类型—逻辑语法的主要特色和创新之处；第六节说明了本文的写作特点和基本框架。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。