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Through using category theory, this paper investigates the properties of subcoalgebras, especially, the properties of subcoalgebras on Set, the category of sets and functions. This paper shows that all the subcoalgebras on Set are regular.

以范畴理论为工具讨论子共代数的性质，特别是集合范畴上的子共代数的性质，证明了集合范畴上的子共代数都是正则子共代数。

The innovation of this paper is the presention of supporting logic zone, logic centrex, and physical /logical resource management in softswitch controller, and the paper points out corresponding solutions to problems encountered in implementation.

本论文的主要创新点在于提出了支持运营区域和工作组，支持逻辑资源/物理资源划分的软交换控制设备的设计，并针对实现中遇到的若干问题也给出了相应的解决方案。

It is the most powerful means of eradicating schistosomiasis. Current method of elimination cercaria is mainly the chemical method which has many disadvantages such as drug resistance, drug dilutedness, environmental pollution and poisoning the other biology, etc. For these reasons, this paper poposed a new method of elimination through high-voltage pulsed electric field, discussed the feasibility of the new method, studied the elimination mechanisms of using different forms of electrodes, analyzed various factors which influences the effect of elimination and introduced the structure of high-voltage pulsed electric field system at the stage of laboratory. Moreover, this paper showed the security problems that should be considered during the research and experiment.

针对常用的化学药物杀灭法存在的易使尾蚴产生抗药性、水域宽广致使药效降低、污染环境、毒杀其它生物等弊端，本文提出了一种利用高压脉冲电场杀灭血吸虫尾蚴的新方法，探讨了这种电子杀灭方法的可行性，分别研究了采用锐形电极和平板电极的血吸虫尾蚴杀灭机理，分析了影响尾蚴杀灭效果的各种因素，介绍了实验阶段血吸虫尾蚴高压脉冲电场杀灭系统的构成，指出了系统研制和试验过程中需要充分考虑的安全性问题。

The paper introduces the"bullwhip effect"of a supply chain and the application of software Witness, and discusses the simulation of software Witness in the supply chain system. The structure of supply chain in the paper is composed by steel company, steel service center, parts manufactures and car factories. The lead-time of order and the time of transportation in each stage and of whole chain are the main performance index at present research stage.

文章介绍了供应链中的"牛鞭效应"以及Witness的基本应用，讨论了在供应链系统中利用Witness软件进行仿真的方法，采用了由钢铁公司、钢材服务中心、部件生产商和汽车厂所组成的供应链结构进行仿真，整个供应链和供应链上各节点的订货提前期和运输时间是所介绍的模型中的主要供应链绩效指标。

Speciality paper manufacturer Cham Paper Group presented three ground-breaking innovations at Labelexpo Europe in Brussels.

专业的造纸商肯特纸业集团提出了三项开创性地在布鲁塞尔的欧洲标签创新。

With the development and progress of the society, autonomous learning and characteristic learning become more and more important in the instructional mode of adult education, and the paper-and-pen exam comes to expose its disadvantage like unilateralism and changelessness. We find out in instructional practice that the paper-and-pencil tests usually hard to fit the cognition of adult learner, so it is hard to evaluate accurately and efficiently.

在实际教学中我们发现，传统的笔试方式往往很难适应成人学生的认知特点和认知规律，从而难以保证考试结果作为课程教学效果测评的准确性和有效性；并且，传统笔试形式极大忽略了考试的诊断反馈功能，忽略了考试结果所体现出的教学过程中出现的问题或是教师很难从考试结果中发现问题，因此不能有针对性地改进教学。

China steel industry has its own characteristics, so this paper studies on a more suitable model under Chinese environment. This paper gives a brief introduction to the current marketing channel and commercial model of iron and steel distribution industry of our country. It puts forward problems existing in commercial model.

本文详细地介绍了国外发达国家钢铁流通行业和钢材剪切中心的情况，以及我国钢铁流通行业现有的营销渠道、业态模式，指出了我国钢铁流通业态模式中存在的主要问题，同时，针对我国剪切加工配送中心的发展和现状进行了分析。

Firstly, this paper introduces the domestic and foreign present research situation and correlative knowledge, proposes the method of traffic organization optimal and plan estimate; Secondly, this paper depicts signalized intersection organization optimum detailed from method of transit, channelization design and signal design, namely carries on the synthesis optimization design, makes every effort to optimize for the signalized intersection traffic organization provides some scientific, comprehensive and practical theory and method.

论文首先介绍交通组织优化国内外研究现状及相关的基础知识，提出了交通组织优化的思路和优化方案的效果评价方法；其次对信号交叉口交通组织优化从交叉口放行方法、交叉口渠化方法和交叉口信号设计方法三个层次予以详细阐述，即进行综合优化设计，力求为信号交叉口的交通组织优化提供一些科学、全面和实用的理论和方法。

It changed the traditional business mode,it is so convenience,but chaperonage venture which baffle the step of it's development the paper studied the process of the electronic business's run and the risk depend on that background baleful net,date have been stolen,counterfeit client,domain name register,and intimacy problem this paper also discusses keeping away measure feasibility.

它改变了传统的商务模式，给人们带来了方便、快捷，但同时电子商务的风险并存，阻碍了其前进的脚步。本文就是以此为背景，着重研讨了电子商务运行过程中，可能遭遇的主要风险，恶意网站、数据失窃、客户假冒、域名注册、隐私问题等，并探讨了具有实践可能的建议性防范措施。

In the paper,the effects of the ion type,charge density and molecular weight of polyacrylamide on the retention of mineral fibers and the properties of the paper were studied.

研究了不同离子类型、离子度及相对分子质量的几种聚丙烯酰胺对矿物纤维留着及纸张性能的影响。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。