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Therefore, this paper presents a new simple method for calculating and measuring emission threshold field, work function and thickness.

提供了一种简单、方便的计算或测量场发射的开启电场、功函数及厚度的新方法。

This paper is the continuance of that of Lewalle (2001). Lewalle has made use of Gaussian wavelet to obtain the N-S equations with flexion as fundamental quantity in the infinite domain. In that work, Lapalace operator has been degraded to one-order operator. Moreover the resulted N-S equations take the form of diffusion equations with local bilinear mutual interaction kernel.

本文是Lewalle工作的继续，Lewalle利用高斯子波，得到了以弯曲度为基本量的无穷域中N-S方程，此时Lapalace算子降低为一阶导数，并且N-S方程变形为具有局部化双线性相互作用的扩散方程的形式。

Through work of this paper, we have a deeper understanding of stability of gable portal frames, and give some suggestion in design and calculating portal frames.

通过本文的工作，对山形门式刚架的稳定特点有了更深入的研究，为山形门式刚架设计和计算提供了指导。

Therefore, the main characteristics of this paper are:(1) Given orbits generated correlation theory of learning subspace which is the base of researching algorithm;(2) Advanced orbits generated Breadth first, Depth first and Heuristic algorithms, enrich and develop the basic content of LML further;(3) Given corresponding examples to validate the algorithms. However, all the work is tentive and much needs advanced research.

由此可以看出，本文的特色主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)给出了李群机器学习子空间轨道生成的相关理论，为研究学习子空间轨道生成算法奠定了基础；(2)提出了李群机器学习子空间广度优先轨道生成学习算法，深度优先轨道生成学习算法以及带有启发信息的轨道生成学习算法，丰富和发展了LML的基本内容；(3)对所提出的算法给出了相应的实例验证。

At the centre of the initiatives in Bangalore, described in Genevieve Connors' paper, is a special unit set up in the water utility to work with slum dwellers in developing plans.

Genevieve Connors文章提到的班加罗尔行动的中心，就是建立起与贫民窟居民共同制定的计划中饮水使用的特殊单位。

Every chapter in this paper is research on the technique solution plan, which is directed against the first step. This is useful to advance the work of our country's geodetic data standardization.

本文各章所进行的研究是针对第一步的目标而提出的技术方案，希望以此为基础推进我国大地测量数据标准化工作的全面开展。

B Through theoretical and experimental studies, the paper investigats the relationships between hammer geometer and stress waveform generated by the hammer. After the mechanical meanings of linear model used by others are demonstrated, a simple expression of rigidity of an equivalent spring for direct impact between a hammer and a rod is obtained. Based on the above work, a mathematical model and numerical method for the impact of the hammer with progressively changing cross-section on the rod are presented.

2应用理论分析和实验研究相结合的方法，探讨了冲击应力波波形和冲锤形状尺寸之间的关系；阐明了冲锤与杆撞击局部变形的线性模型的物理意义，继而分析讨论了冲锤端头曲率半径与撞击弹簧刚度的关系；在此基础上，提出了连续变截面冲锤与杆撞击的数学模型和计算方法。

At the same time , the innovation of this paper is to work out the three kinds of pricing formulas of barrier options of the geometric average assets .

同时，本文的创新之处是将上式三个障碍期权的定价公式推广到资产几何平均情况下时的期权定价公式。

This paper shows the methods of finding the sum of the Geometric Progression for the first n terms and the rule for extracting square root in Llvat , which is a famous mathematical work in the 12~ century Hindu, and compare them with the corresponding traditional Chinese algorithmic methods, in order to show the characteristics of mathematics in the two countries.

以12世纪印度著名数学著作《丽罗娃底》中的等比数列求和与开方为例，与中国传统数学中的相应算法进行比较，以展现中、印数学的算法化特色。

The paper presents how to use the technique of OLE and ARX of AutoCAD to build the geometrical model, the finite element model of the given structure visually and use the template and wizard to build the optimization model of it. During the iterative process of the optimization, the method of tracing visualization and interactive control is also provided. Some examples are given to show the appliance of visualization aided structural optimization. Finally, the work of systematic integration is carried out.

同时论述了在优化建模中运用OLE ARX技术实现可视化地建立优化对象的几何模型，结构有限元模型，以及使用模板和专家向导来辅助建立优化模型；在优化迭代过程中实现了跟踪可视和交互式监控，以具体的例子说明了在可视化技术辅助下的结构优化在工程中的应用。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。