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Therefore, in order to offer reference to readers, the paper systematically expound and prove the eigenvalue of special matrix that base on idempotent matrix, antiidempotent matrix, involutory matrix, anntiinvolutory matrix, nilpotent matrix, orthogonal matrix, polynomial matrix, the shape of , matrix, diagonal matrix, invertidle matrix, adjoint matrix, similar matrix, transposed matrix, numerical matrix, companion matrix, and practicality and superiority of the achievement was showed by some examples.

为此本文系统地阐述幂等矩阵，反幂等矩阵，对合矩阵，反对合矩阵，幂零矩阵，正交矩阵，多项式矩阵，形为：，矩阵，对角矩阵，可逆矩阵，伴随矩阵，相似矩阵，转置矩阵，友矩阵一系列特殊矩阵的特征值问题并加以证明，并通过一些具体例子展示所得成果的实用性和优越性。

This paper presents a new scheme based on Nonnegative Matrix Factorization and simplex-based method to solve this problem.

本文提出一种新的基于非负矩阵因式分解(Nonnegative Matrix Factorization，NMF)算法和单形方法相结合的混合像元分解方法去解决上述问题。

Therefore, in order to offer reference to Readers, based on idempotent matrix, involutory matrix, nilpotent matrix, diagonal matrix, the main character of special matrix are proved in this paper after the Defined and algorithm of eigenvalue of matrix .for example , some problems of the eigenvalues of matrix are solved in a special method based on the eigenvalues of matrix .

为此， 本文除了介绍矩阵特征值的定义和算法外，还围绕幂等矩阵、幂零矩阵、对角矩阵、等特殊矩阵给出了其主要性质并加以证明，同时还介绍了一些特殊矩阵的特征值的算法，例如：本文利用矩阵的特征值，对与矩阵的特征值相关的一些典型问题给出了较好的处理方法。

In this paper, firstly, not only the incidence matrix ,adjacent matrix, cycle matrix, cut-set matrix of an undirected graph are summarized, but also the close contact between a graph and its corresponding matrix are discussed ; secondly, many problems of a graph which are solved by analysing its matrix are listed as follows:1、The co-tree set of a graph is obtained by using its cycle-matrix ; 2、The branches of its spanning tree are given by using its cut-set matrix ; 3、By making use of the incidence matrix of a graph ,not only its vertex cut 、cut vertex 、isolated point and spanning tree can be obtained ,but also the two sides which are whether parallel or not can be judged ;4、By using their adjacent matrix ,the two graphes which are whether isomorphous or not can be judged; once more, there is a detailed introduction in view of special graph (for example: bigaritite graph ,regular graph and so on);last but not least, a graph method of calculating the N power of a matrix is given and the practical applications of the theorem for degree is indicated.

本文首先综述了无向图的关联矩阵，邻接矩阵，圈矩阵，割集矩阵以及图和它对应矩阵之间的关系；其次总结出了利用上述各类矩阵可以解决的图的若干问题：1、利用图的圈矩阵可以求其连枝集；2、利用图的割集矩阵可以求其生成树的树枝；3、利用图的关联矩阵不仅可以求其割点、点割集、连通度、孤立点和生成树，而且可以判断两条边是否平行；4、利用图的邻接矩阵可以判断两个图是否同构；再次，针对特殊图（例如：二分图、正则图等等）的邻接矩阵作了详细介绍；最后，得到了利用图计算矩阵的N次幂的方法，指出度数定理的实际应用。

In the research to demand of International reserves,first, according to the affective character of demand to transition of International reserves, choosing the decision theory of Markov and dynamic transition equation as basic model, the paper has set up two transition methods--- stationary matrix and dynamic matrix, the later matrix has improved the sensitive reaction to time and velocity. Second, combining with knowledge of linear algebra, the paper has analyzed and testified the positive associated relation between transition matrix elements on main diagonal and the convergent speed of system, and explained why international reserves transition embodies the character under new situation and why the transition process can be accelerated by the strike of international idle money. Third,on the quantitative calculating to elements of transition matrix,referring to multiplication theory and decomposing-composing method of system, the paper has transformed main three-factor deciding confidence of international monetary into detail modulus by comparing analysis measure,now the matrix has been decided.

在国际储备的需求分析研究中，本文首先选择马尔可夫转移方程作为基础模型，根据需求对外汇储备结构的影响特点，提出非定常转移矩阵变换方法，拓展了马尔可夫变换对时间和速度的敏感性；结合线性代数知识，分析证明了定常转移矩阵的主对角线元素值的大小与系统的收敛速度的正向关联关系，并利用结论解释了国际货币新动向下外汇储备转换表现出的趋势特点以及国际游资冲击对国际货币结构变化的加速影响；在转移矩阵元素的量化计算上，本文参考乘数理论和系统分解合成原理，采用对比分析方法把影响国际货币信心的三大要素综合量化为转移偏好系数，然后根据转移偏好系数确定转移矩阵的元素值，其中还分别具体给出了定常转移矩阵和非定常转移矩阵的计算方法及在变换中的使用方法，从而不仅在定量分析上应证了定性分析结论，而且反映了随时间变化的美圆、欧元、日圆的比例结构均衡过程。

At first, the paper quote a kind of special matrix ---sign symmetric matrix , anti sign symmetric matrix , weakly sign symmetric matrix and introduced some important results in spectral property about them from some bibliographies. And then, the paper extended the formerly results and gave more general conclusions about spectral property of sign symmetric matrix.

本文首先引入了一类特殊矩阵的概念——符号对称矩阵，反符号对称矩阵以及弱符号对称矩阵，在相关文献中对这类矩阵谱特征的已经有了一些结论，本文在前人研究的基础上将相关结论做了进一步的推广，得出了有关这类符号对称矩阵谱特征的更一般性的结论。

The method of estimation in paper [7] is to build fitness function by the 2-norm of error matrix directly. For the error matrix is a Toeplitz matrix, a novel fitness function was presented. Then a new method, the real-valued genetic algorithm which is based on genes weights variation independently, is developed in this paper.

文献[7]提出的估计方法直接以误差矩阵的2范数建立适应度函数，文中利用该矩阵是Toeplitz矩阵的特性，构造了一个新的适应度函数，提出了一种基于基因分量独立变异的实数遗传算法。

On the basis of the definition of matrix traces , this paper discusses their characteristics at first and then according to the norm of the F of square matrix and Cauchy-Schwarz inequality gives how to prove the zero matrix, unsimilar matrix, number cloth matrix, column matrix idempotent matrix and non-equality matrix.

根据矩阵迹的定义，首先给出了矩阵迹的性质，然后依据方阵的F—范数定义Cauchy—Schwarz不等式，给出了零矩阵，不相似矩阵，数幂矩阵，列矩阵，幂等矩阵及矩阵不等式的证法。

This article adopts many methods such as AHP, EFE matrix, IFE matrix and SWOT matrix to analyze the internal and external environment in theory. Combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, this paper provides spare strategy plans that might be adopted by NRHIB. With QSPM matrix this paper analyze the spare schemes and choosable four feasible plans.

在此基础上，本文应用了AHP法、EFE矩阵、IFE矩阵和SWOT矩阵等技术和定量方法，对外部环境和内部环境进行了理论分析，提出了可供企业选择实施的战略方案，利用QSPM矩阵对备选方案进行了定量分析，得出了4个较为可行的战略方案。

In this paper, the mathematical model of OFDM systems with cyclic prefix and virtual subcarrier is derived first. We propose a new carrier frequency offset estimation algorithm using the DOA-MATRIX method.

给出了加入循环前缀和具有虚拟子载波的正交频分复用系统的数学模型，利用DOA-MATRIX方法，提出了一种新的载波频率偏移估计算法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。