查询词典 padroado

The first chapter introduced Portugals Padroado and the foundation of Macao Bishop zones , analysed the three major sources of Society of Jesus's outlay: the gain of the Macao-based maritime trade, Portuguese Macao's grants and the salary and reward of the Chinese governments, and evaluated the commercial activities of Society of Jesus, affirmed that Jesuits are not simply missionaries.

第一章介绍了葡萄牙的东方保教权与澳门主教区的建立，并分析了耶稣会经费的三个主要来源渠道，分别是以澳门为基地海上贸易收入、澳门葡萄牙人的资助以及中国政权发给耶稣会传教士的俸禄和赏赐。

Pereira's attitude towards the Jesuit China Mission has been described by Western historiography as an obstinate defense of the interests of the Portuguese Padroado, something that can not be denied. However, he was neither alone ― his was a position followed also by several non-Portuguese Jesuits ― nor an extremist: after all, he was just a follower of the founding universalistic principles and ideals of the Society of Jesus.

徐日升对&礼仪之争&、中文礼拜、本地神职人员及传教士的招募，更不用说他对教会组织、等级依赖、后勤支持、教堂的设立及生存等方面的看法，研究得十分贫乏，尽管他在耶稣会身居要职，如北京学院院长（1688–1691）、北京地区副巡视员（1687–1688，1691–1692）、中国副省副会长（1692年6月29日至1695年6月29日）。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。