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Total manganese, copper, zinc, organic and exchangeable iron, manganese, copper and zinc related significantly to organic matter, readily oxidizable carbon, humic acid, fulvic acid.

有机质对土壤有机磷及其组分的影响远远大于无机磷及其各组分,除全铁外、全锰、铜和锌及有机态铁、锰、铜和锌和交换态铁、锰、铜和锌均与有机质总量、易氧化碳、HA和FA等之间呈显著或极显著正相关。

Cu、Ni、Pb and Cd showed more affinity to the oxidizable metal fraction. Bio-availability of all the measured metals, except Cd,decreased with the increase in composting time. Therefore, we conclude that composting could stabilize the heavy metals present in the sludge and decrease the risk of soil pollution.

污泥堆肥中Cu、Ni、Cd、Cr主要以残渣态形式存在,Cu、Ni、Pb、Cd四种重金属元素的可氧化态含量也相对较高,除Cd外,经过堆肥化处理后所有重金属的有效态含量均呈下降趋势,因此,堆肥可以促进污泥中的重金属稳定化,降低土壤的污染风险。

The result shows that Co and Cu are associated with exchangeable fractions, which represents stonger mobility;Pb in iron-manganese fraction represents stonger potential mobility;Zn and Cr existed in oxidizable and residual fraction and Ni in residues represents weak mobility or immobility.

研究结果表明:Co、Cu、Mn存在可交换态,表现有相对较强的迁移性和生物可利用性;Pb主要以还原态的形式存在,表明具有较强的潜在危害性;Zn、Cr主要以氧化态和残渣态形式存在,Ni主要以残渣态的形式存在,这些元素的迁移性较弱。

Humic acids, oxidizable fraction and lipids were the main fractions affecting the sorption capacity. The humic acids had the maximum adsorption capacity for nitrobenzene and aniline, the lipids naturally present in the soil strongly compete for hydrophobic sorption sites within the soil organic matter, and the adsorption capacity of mineral surface for nitrobenzene and aniline were only 2.31mg·kg-1 and 3.63mg·kg-1, respectively.

硝基苯和苯胺在湿地土壤中的吸附主要受腐殖酸、易氧化有机质组分和脂类化合物的影响,其中腐殖酸对硝基苯和苯胺具有最大的吸附容量;脂类化合物表现为与硝基苯、苯胺竞争土壤有机质结构中的吸附位点,去除脂类化合物后残余物的吸附量增大;矿物组分对硝基苯和苯胺的吸附是次要的,吸附容量仅为2.31mg·kg-1和3.63mg·kg-1。

The major components of oxygen scavenger films are polymer, oxidizable compounds, and catalyst. In this study, the oxygen scavenging capacity and oxygen scavenging rate of the oxygen scavenger film in water were determined for evaluating the performance of the films. The results showed that the film composed of polyethylene, 4% sodium erythorbate, and 0.1% EDTA cupric salt had the best oxygen scavenging efficiency. On the 1st and 10th day, the oxygen removed rate of the film was 0.02 and 0.065 mg/cm2/day, respectively, from 300 ml water.

脱氧膜主要为高分子聚合物、可被氧化之物质与催化剂之组合,本研究利用脱氧膜在水中的脱氧量及脱氧速率为指标,发现以聚乙烯加上4%异抗坏血酸钠与0.1% EDTA螯合铜离子盐类所制备之脱氧膜,具有较佳的脱氧效能,在300ml水中,储存第一天及第十天分别可达到0.02及0.065 mg/cm2/day之脱氧速率。

The results showed that the heavy metals in various mediums were mainly Cu and Ni, and those concentrations were, in the descending order, in ditch, tailings, slagheap and cultivated soil. In the tailings and the sludge of the ditch, the concentrations of Ni were obviously higher than those of Cu. Whereas, in the soil and the weathering and atmospheric deposition of the waste slagheap surface, the concentrations of Cu were higher than those of Ni. This means that in the first two mediums, Cu and Ni mainly originated from the tailings, while in the latter two mediums, Cu and Ni mainly came from the atmospheric deposition of airborne particles of the smelting. Cr and Zn were mainly in residual fraction, Cu was mainly in oxidizable and residual fraction.

结果表明:不同区域环境中重金属呈现不同程度累积,其中以Cu、Ni最为显著,含量由高到低依次为尾矿坝排污沟>尾矿坝>废渣堆>农田土壤;尾矿砂和沉积物中重金属分布以Ni含量显著高于Cu含量为特征;而农田土壤和风化物及降尘中重金属分布以Cu含量高于Ni含量为特征,前者Cu、Ni主要来源于尾矿,后者与冶炼烟尘排放有很大关系;样品中除Cr、Zn以残渣态为主外,Cu、Ni、Pb化学形态分布有较大差异,Cu以可氧化态和残渣态为主,Ni以可还原态为主,其次为弱酸提取态,Pb以可还原态为主,其次为残渣态。

Straw application, whether straw mulch or incorporated straw with soil, increased the content of soil labile organic carbon and incorporated straw with soil as more beneficial to the increase of the contents of hot water-extractable carbon, potentially mineralizable carbon acid-extractable carbon, readily oxidizable carbon, particulate organic carbon, and light fraction organic carbon.

表施秸秆和混施秸秆均能使土壤活性有机碳含量增加或显著增加,混施秸秆较表施秸秆更有利于热水提取态碳、可矿化碳、酸提取态碳、易氧化态碳、颗粒有机碳和轻组有机碳含量增加,而可溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳的变化与秸秆施用方式关系不大。

The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, zinc can be increased, and the contents of hydrolizable nitrogen and their forms , Fe-P, Al-P, Ca〓-P, all organic P forms, exchangeable and organic iron, manganese, copper, zinc are increased obviously in long-term application organic manure soil. Not only the contents of soil readily oxidizable carbon, humic acid, fuluic acid, and HA/FA value are increased and Kos value decreased but also the available nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, zinc are kept more high level in the organic manure soils. Long-term mulching straw has similar role with organic manure for soil nutrient except for decreasing total phosphorus, available P, N and Ca〓-P, but its fertilizer efficiency is not better than organic manure.

有机肥还具有提高土壤易氧化碳和松结态腐殖质含量,降低kos值,提高土壤HA、FA含量及其比值的作用,使土壤中有效态氮、磷、铁、锰、铜和锌含量处于中上等水平;长期秸秆还田除了不增加土壤全磷、有效氮和磷等外,对其他养分的作用效果与有机肥相似,但其肥效不如有机肥;长期氮磷化肥单施,土壤全氮和磷增加,有机质、铁、锰、铜和锌含量下降,易氧化碳、松结态腐殖质、HA和FA含量、kos和HA/FA值下降;长期不施肥土壤有机质、全氮等养分处于消耗状态。

Geochemical analyses include 'total'(concentrated HNO3 -HCl digestion) and chemical forms (three step sequential digestion, reducible, oxidizable and residual forms) of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr,Fe and Mn, iron oxides dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB and ammonium in the dark extraction as the estimation of total and amorphous iron oxides, respectively, total sulfur and organic matter.

化学分析包括重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Fe、Mn)"总量"(浓HNO3、HCl提取,非严格的总量)、形态(三步提取法,可还原态、可氧化态和残渣态)、氧化铁(连二亚硫酸钠-柠檬酸钠-重碳酸钠提取和草酸铵提取分别估计总氧化铁和无定形氧化铁)、总硫和有机质,并比较了DCB提取前后样品磁性特征的变化。

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Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象,运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查,调查结果发现,石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠,情感枯竭程度偏高,成就感偏低,去个性化程度最为严重。

In measurements of a day,generallyspeaking,the photosynthesis of birch in mesophytic habitat is better than that in xerophytichabitat(peak values are 12.8,10.33μmolCO2m-2s-1 respectively);that of sexual birch inmesophytic habitat is better than that of clone birch(peak values are 9.87,6.71μmolCO2m-2s-1respectively);that of young tree is better than that of seedling(peak values are12.37,10.05μmolCO2m-2s-1 respectively).

在一天中的各个时刻,总体说来,中生生境生长的白桦光合作用超过旱生生境生长的白桦光合作用(净光合速率峰值分别为12.8、10.33μmolCO2m-2s-1);白桦幼树的光合作用超过白桦幼苗(净光合速率峰值分别为12.37、10.05μmolCO2m-2s-1);中生生境有性白桦的光合作用超过无性白桦的光合作用(净光合速率峰值分别为9.87μmolCO2m-2s-1、6.71μmolCO2m-2s-1)。