查询词典 oral surgery

Besides the traditional contents of oral surgery, such as extraction of teeth, alveolar surgery, preprosthetic surgery, TMJ disorders, jaw injuries and salivary gland diseases, additional sections such as microvascular surgery, cosmetic surgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery, head and neck tumour surgery, and Traditional Chinese Medicine are also appurtenant parts of typical oral and maxillofacial surgery of China.

其所涉及的学科领域和内容较西方一些国家更广，除传统的口腔外科——牙及牙槽外科、修复前外科、颞下颌关节病、颌面损伤、唾液腺疾病等外，还包括了颌面整复外科、显微外科、头颈部肿瘤外科等内容，而且还有独特的传统医学——中医学的结合及参与，形成了具有中国特色的口腔颌面外科学。

Solves this symptom method to divide into the surgery and the non-surgery treats, the non-surgery treats for example the physical property treatment and the pharmacological treatment, the effect is not often good, the surgery treats may divide into the traditional surgery and micro creates the surgery two kinds, the traditional surgery method is in the lumbar vertebra fusion the pexia, although this method excised has created the lumbar vertebra narrow yellow ligament and the small surface joint, but the surgery time was long, the wound was big as well as although the lumbar vertebra fusion and fixed has removed the pathological change stage abnormal movement, but the neighbor stage's abnormal movement increased, between the awl in plate's pressure elevated obviously, the small articular process exceptionally drew back changes with the fixed stage bone quantityThe loss, causes the fixed stage vertical motion stage to draw back changes ASD[1], but new micro creates the surgery is opens a small wound in the back, and implants the interspinal to open, then solution lumbar vertebra narrow sickness question.

解决此种症状的方法分为手术及非手术治疗，非手术治疗例如物理性治疗和药物治疗，往往效果不佳，手术治疗又可分为传统手术和微创手术二种，传统手术方法就是腰椎融合内固定术，虽然此种方法切除了造成腰椎狭窄的黄韧带和小面关节，但手术时间长，伤口大以及腰椎的融合和固定虽去除了病变节段的异常活动，但邻近节段的异常活动增加，锥间盘内的压力明显升高，小关节突的异常退变和固定节段的骨量丢失，导致固定节段上下运动节段的退变ASD[1]，而新型的微创手术是在背部开一个小伤口，并植入棘突间撑开器，进而解决腰椎狭窄症的问题。

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI manifestations of oral carcinoma,and to evaluate the value of imaging technologies in the diagnosis of oral carcinoma,thus to explore the most reasonable imaging method Methods 46 cases with oral carcinoma,proved by surgery and pathology （2 lip tumors,8 carcinomas of the gingival ridge,5 carcinomas of the buccal mucosa,24 tongue carcinomas,5 carcinomas of the floor of the mouth,2 tumors of the hard palate）,were analysed retrospectively32 cases were examined with CT and 14 cases with MRIImaging presentations were compared with surgery and pathology Results Of the 46 cases with oral carcinoma,22 were ulcerative lesion of infiltrative growth,24 were masslike lesion of extruded trowthOf the 32 cases examined with CT scan,27 were detected,5 were missed,the 4 missed cases were confirmed to be superficial ulcers by surgery and pathologyOf the 10 cases with bone destruction examined with CT scan,8 were manifested,2 were missedAnd of the 14 cases with MRI scan,all 14 were detected Conclusion CT and MRI scan are valuable for diagnosis of oral carcinomasThey can manifest the morphology and size of primary tumor,contiguous structures,bone invasion and cervical lymph node metastasisMRI is the optimal imaging method for superficial ulcerative lesion of infiltratibe growth

徐 锋，罗德红，唐威，欧阳汉，周纯武目的分析口腔癌的CT及MRI表现，评价影像检查在口腔癌诊断中的应用价值，探索合理的影像学检查方法。方法回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的口腔癌46例（唇癌2例，牙龈癌8例，颊黏膜癌5例，舌癌24例，口底癌5例，硬腭癌2例），其中32例行CT扫描，14例行MRI扫描，将影像表现与手术所见及病理结果进行对照分析。结果 46例口腔癌中，呈浸润性生长的溃疡型病变22例，外生性生长的肿物型病变24例。CT扫描32例，明确显示病变27例，遗漏病变5例，其中4例为表浅溃疡型病变。CT扫描病例中，10例有骨质侵犯，CT扫描准确评价8例，遗漏2例。MRI扫描14例，均准确评价肿瘤及其与周围结构的关系。结论 CT、MRI对口腔癌原发肿瘤的形态、大小、周围结构侵犯、颈部淋巴结转移的评价有重要价值。对于较小及呈浸润性生长的表浅溃疡型肿瘤，CT扫描尤其是CT平扫难以准确显示，应首选MRI。

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI manifestations of oral carcinoma,and to evaluate the value of imaging technologies in the diagnosis of oral carcinoma,thus to explore the most reasonable imaging method Methods 46 cases with oral carcinoma,proved by surgery and pathology （2 lip tumors,8 carcinomas of the gingival ridge,5 carcinomas of the buccal mucosa,24 tongue carcinomas,5 carcinomas of the floor of the mouth,2 tumors of the hard palate）,were analysed retrospectively32 cases were examined with CT and 14 cases with MRIImaging presentations were compared with surgery and pathology Results Of the 46 cases with oral carcinoma,22 were ulcerative lesion of infiltrative growth,24 were masslike lesion of extruded trowthOf the 32 cases examined with CT scan,27 were detected,5 were missed,the 4 missed cases were confirmed to be superficial ulcers by surgery and pathologyOf the 10 cases with bone destruction examined with CT scan,8 were manifested,2 were missedAnd of the 14 cases with MRI scan,all 14 were detected Conclusion CT and MRI scan are valuable for diagnosis of oral carcinomasThey can manifest the morphology and size of primary tumor,contiguous structures,bone invasion and cervical lymph node metastasisMRI is the optimal imaging method for superficial ulcerative lesion of infiltratibe growth

中华硕博网核心提示：徐锋，罗德红，唐威，欧阳汉，周纯武关键词：口腔肿瘤目的分析口腔癌的CT及MRI表现，评价影像检查在口腔癌诊断中的应用价值，探徐锋，罗德红，唐威，欧阳汉，周纯武目的分析口腔癌的CT及MRI表现，评价影像检查在口腔癌诊断中的应用价值，探索合理的影像学检查方法。方法回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的口腔癌46例（唇癌2例，牙龈癌8例，颊黏膜癌5例，舌癌24例，口底癌5例，硬腭癌2例），其中32例行CT扫描，14例行MRI扫描，将影像表现与手术所见及病理结果进行对照分析。结果46例口腔癌中，呈浸润性生长的溃疡型病变22例，外生性生长的肿物型病变24例。CT扫描32例，明确显示病变27例，遗漏病变5例，其中4例为表浅溃疡型病变。CT扫描病例中，10例有骨质侵犯，CT扫描准确评价8例，遗漏2例。MRI扫描14例，均准确评价肿瘤及其与四周结构的关系。结论 CT、MRI对口腔癌原发肿瘤的形态、大小、四周结构侵犯、颈部淋巴结转移的评价有重要价值。对于较小及呈浸润性生长的表浅溃疡型肿瘤，CT扫描尤其是CT平扫难以准确显示，应首选MRI。

The results showed that cotton swab and foam swab were the main oral care cleaning equipment used for oral intubated patients according to observations of ICU nurses performing oral care and self-reported questionnaires of ICU nurses. The cleaning solution was mainly dilute mouthwash. The mean correct rate was 72.4% in procedures of oral care. Due to the different characteristics of ICUs, the ICU nurses chose different cleaning equipment, cleaning solutions, methods of using cleaning solution, and oral endotracheal tube securement methods. Older age of the ICU nurses, was associated with more complete oral care. The completeness of performing oral care by the ICU nurses in medical ICU was significantly higher than that by nurses in surgical ICU.

研究结果发现，在实际观察护理人员执行口腔护理和护理人员自我报告口腔护理使用的清洁工具与溶液，口腔棉棒与海绵洁牙棒是气管内管留置病人口腔护理主要的清洁工具，清洁溶液主要选择以自来水或开水稀释的漱口水；口腔护理步骤平均得分百分比为74.2％；因护理人员所属加护病房性质不同，护理人员选择口腔护理之清洁工具、清洁溶液、清洁溶液使用方式及气管内管固定方式有所不同；护理人员年龄越年长，其执行口腔护理步骤完整率越高；内科系加护病房护理人员执行口腔护理步骤的完整性显著高於外科系加护病房护理人员。

The department is concerned with research within the fields of cariology, endodontics, clinical oral physiology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, dental materials science, oral cell biology, oral microbiology, oral diagnostic radiology, orthodontics, periodontology, pedodontics, and prosthetic dentistry.

该系从事下列领域的研究：龋病学，牙髓学，临床口腔生理学，口腔与上颌面外科学，牙材料科学，口腔细胞生物学，口腔微生物学，口腔诊断放射医学，正牙学，牙周病学，儿童牙科，和辅助牙科。

Although state regulations vary, some specific tasks dental assistants may perform include: assisting the dentist during a variety of treatment procedures; taking and developing dental radiographs; asking about the patient's medical history and taking blood pressure and pulse; serving as an infection control officer, developing infection control protocol and preparing and sterilizing instruments and equipment;helping patients feel comfortable before, during and after dental treatment; providing patients with instructions for oral care following surgery or other dental treatment procedures, such as the placement of a restoration; teaching patients appropriate oral hygiene strategies to maintain oral health;(e.g., tooth brushing, flossing and nutritional counseling); taking impressions of patients' teeth for study casts; performing office management tasks that often require the use of a personal computer; communicating with patients and suppliers (e.g., scheduling appointments, answering the telephone, billing and ordering supplies); and assisting with and helping to provide direct patient care in all dental specialties, including orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, periodontics and oral surgery.

虽然国家规定各不相同，一些具体工作牙医助手可能会执行包括：在协助处理程序的各种牙医；同时，发展牙科X光；询问病人的病史及服用降血压和脉搏；担任感染控制人员，发展infe ction控制协议，并编制和消毒仪器和设备，帮助患者感到舒服之前，期间和之后，牙科治疗；提供口腔保健指导为病人手术后或其他牙科治疗程序，如恢复的位置，；教病人适当的口腔卫生战略，以保持口腔卫生；（例如，刷牙，使用牙线和营养咨询）；考虑到病人的牙齿展示学习使人牙齿；执行办公室管理任务，往往需要使用个人电脑；与病人沟通和供应商（如：，安排约会，接电话，计费系统及订单用品）；和协助和帮助，提供直接的病人护理的牙科专业，包括矫正，儿童牙科，牙周病和口腔外科。

Surgery is an important clinical medicine discipline, consisting of Neurosurgery Surgery, Urology and Cardiac Surgery, Ordinary Surgery, Uropoiesis Surgery,and Orthopedics Surgery,.

西医外科学》是一门重要的临床医学学科，临床上又常分为外科基础，神经外科，胸心外科，普通外科，泌尿外科，骨外科等学科。

Surgery is an important clinical medicine discipline, further divided into Neurosurgery Surgery, Urology and Cardiac Surgery, Ordinary Surgery, Uropoiesis Surgery, and Orthopedics Surgery in clinical practice.

西医外科学》是一门重要的临床医学学科，临床上又常分为外科基础，神经外科，胸心外科，普通外科，泌尿外科，骨外科等学科。

In the oral presentation and written statements are contradictory, the trial court held that: The instructions were not allowed access to a written document, that he intends to rely on the oral presentation, so he should be investigated and verified on an oral agreement, but he did not survey indicates that people have to be clearly explained do not trust the oral presentation, therefore can not be explains that trust is based on an incorrect statement in oral entered into a contract, it is not a request to rescind the contract.

在口头陈述和书面陈述不符时，初审法院认为：被说明人没有查阅书面文件，就表明他有意信赖口头陈述，故他应该对口头协议进行调查核实，而他没有调查，则表明被说明人也没有信赖口头陈述，因此不能表明被说明人是基于信赖口头的不正确的陈述而订立了合同，因此不能请求撤销合同。

Objective To study the effect of chitosan in the prevention of fibrous scar formation in the epidural space after laminectomy.

目的 观察选择性脊神经后根切除术椎板切除后硬膜外几种防瘢痕粘连物质的作用并探讨其机制。

On his way to the lift, he looked back to us or was it me his eyes pointing?

当他要进电梯时，他回头看我们（或者说是我，他的眼光？