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For wire bonding,we got methods to avoid low-k material layer crack and IMC crack by gold wire selection,capillary design optimization,and wire bonding process window study;Wire sweep issue was declined,after use reverse wire bonding technology to get low wire loop,define high wire loop and low wire loop between neighbour wires to reduce wire cross and split transfer course into several segments by different transfer speed to control mold flow;For molding and to different packages,as a physical method,add suitable presser during different cure process,it can reduce warpage value;As chemical methods,optimized component of molding compound or added flexiblier,it can decline thermal stress and warpage.

在引线键合方面，通过对不同纯度金线的选择、劈刀设计的优化、以及对引线压焊工艺窗口的研究，找到了可降低焊盘碎裂，金铝间化合物分层等问题的方法；通过使用反向压焊来控制线线弧高度和在邻近线间使用高(来源：A7aB4848C论文网www.abclunwen.com)低线弧来控制线弧以及模塑注塑速度细分化的方法，有效降低了冲线值；在模塑方面，针对不同封装形式，通过封装模块在烘烤过程中优化外加压力的时机，利用物理方法有效减低了翘曲；此外从化学角度出发，通过对模塑材料配方的优化以及添加应力释放剂，有效降低了封装内的热应力，减小了封装模块的翘曲。

The result showed that the conventional and optimum design model of complex multi-evaporation had good universality. The new algorithm could be used to solve model more stably and more effectivly. The energy-saving effect was notable when all kinds of energy-saving measure were adopted and T0, Tk, tpj,Δti were optimized. In these conditions, the annual cost of optimum design decreased by 36.44% and 40.76% respectively than conventional design for the complex cross-feed and parallel-feed quadruple-effect evaporation system with solid separation. An optimum design software for multi-evaporation was developed, which had strong function, amity interface and easy maneuverability. This software may be applied to conventional and optimum design of multi-evaporation system under different conditions.

研究结果表明，复杂多效蒸发系统常规及优化设计的数学模型具有很强的通用性，求解模型的新算法稳定且高效；同时采用各种节能措施且对T_0、T_k、t_、Δti进行优化的系统节能效果最显著，对有固相析出的复杂错流、平流四效蒸发系统在上述情况下的优化设计比没有节能措施的常规设计可分别节省年总费用36.44%和40.76%；用可视化语言Visual Basic 6.0 编制的多效蒸发设计软件，功能强大、界面友好、使用方便，可用于多种流程、不同情况组合的多效蒸发系统常规及优化设计计算。

The structure and machining principle of the cutting tool were presented,the material of cutting tool was optimized,the insert structure of the cutting tool was designed.Based on the local experiments in factory,the rule that the cutting parameters using this type of comp...

通过生产试验研究了使用该刀具时切削参数对加工质量的影响规律，得出了最优加工工艺参数，试验证明该刀具在保证加工质量的基础上能够有效提高加工效率。

Firstly,a state-of-the-art survey of hybrid FRP-concrete beam/deck systems is reviewed from the aspects of the main composite forms and their studies.Secondly,three typically analytical methods and three types of optimized failure modes and their corresponding ductility for hybrid FRP-concrete be...

文中首先从主要组合形式及其相关研究等方面回顾了FRP-混凝土组合梁/板系统的国内外研究现状，其次介绍了FRP-混凝土组合梁/板系统的3种常用分析方法和3种优化失效模式及相应的延性特征，接着列出了FRP-混凝土组合梁/板系统在国内外桥梁工程中的具体应用，最后探讨了该组合系统在今后研究中需要解决的一些问题。

The optimized results have shown that the mechanical demands of the orthotropic steel deck stiffened plate are more easily met with larger span of cross beam and thicker top plate and U-stiffeners.

优化结果表明：适当增加横隔板间距、加大顶板和U肋厚度能更有效地满足结构受力和局部稳定要求。

Results: The optimum conditions for shuanghuanglian oral liquid by orthogonal test optimized process were as follows:water for ten times the quantity of medicinal materials in the process of decoction, ethanol with 75% in the process of deposition,pH with 7.0,12 hours about laying aside time.

结果：正交试验优选双黄连口服液制备工艺的最佳条件，即煎煮时加水用量为中药材的8倍，乙醇沉淀所用浓度为75%，pH值为7.0，静置时间为12h。

RESULTS The optimum conditions for shuanghuanglian oral liquid by orthogonal test optimized process were as follows: water for ten times the quantity of medicinal materials in the process of decoction, ethanol with 75% in the process of deposition, pH with 7.0, 12 hours about laying aside time.

结果表明正交试验优选双黄连口服液制备工艺的最佳条件，即煎煮时加水用量为中药材的8倍，乙醇沉淀所用浓度为75%，pH7.0，静置时间为12h。

Under the best conditions optimized above, the decolorization rate of direct fast turquoise blue GL was 94.3% after 70 min catalyzation with the laccase from G.

以上述最适脱色条件对直接耐晒翠蓝GL进行脱色实验，反应70 min，脱色率可达94.3%。

The working frequency: frequency of demanding action, the structure should be optimized direct-acting solenoid valve, the power to listen to the exchange preferred.

工作频率：动作频率要求高时，结构应优选直动式电磁阀，电源听优选交流。

Operating frequency: frequency of demanding action, the structure should be optimized direct-acting solenoid valve, the power to listen to the exchange preferred.

动作可靠性：严格地来说此项试验尚未正式列入我国电磁阀专业标准，为确保质量应选正规厂家的名牌产品。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。