查询词典 optation

Recognition, Suppression, and co-optation are all at issue in the relationships among symbolic forms.

识别，压制，以及拉拢收买，都是在问题之间的关系，象征性的形式。

The process of constructing the discourse of professionalism is constituted by three micro-mechanisms, the mutual influences of the formal and informal fields of gaining professional fame, the exercises of power via both coercion and co-optation, and the dynamics of interactions at three levels: organization, profession, and media system.

专业主义的话语建构的过程包括正式与非正式成名场域的区分和相互渗透，以强制和"收编"两个相辅相成的方式形成的权力行使，以及组织、行业和体制内外的互动。

The developmental press model quickly metamorphosed into an authoritarian one as state co-optation and control of the media became more institutionalized.

发展上的杂志报纸模型进入 authoritarian 之内很快地使变形一如州选举，而且媒体的控制变成更多组织化。

Owning to the power to control and distribute key political resources, the ruling party-state use this privilege to take political arrangement with co-optation character, and propel party organization building in private enterprises.

由于党和国家拥有关键性政治资源的掌握权和分配权，它们采取了带有"精英吸纳"性质的政治安排制度，以及在私营企业推行执政党的组织建设。

It came into being and exists in a special social background but is vulnerable to the special external environment. China grass-root democracy began from villagers self-governance system at the end of 80s and the beginning of 90s last century, during the practice of extending the mindset and awareness of democracy, villagers built up their self-governance system which main content were democratic co-optation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, democratic supervision, it forms the characteristic deputy democracy and grass-roots direct democracy combinatory democracy political structure.

中国基层民主始于上世纪80年代末90年代初的村民自治，广大农民在推进农村基层民主的实践中，逐步形成了以民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督为主要内容的村民自治体系，构成了我国独具特色的代议制民主与基层直接民主相结合的民主政治格局。

Li Rui's narratives of Cultural Revolution adopt neither a moralistic stance nor a posture of"refusing to regret"assumed by some intellectual youth. Rather, he offers a penetrating reflection of Cultural Revolution from the triple levels of mass ignorance and fervor, intellectual unreflectiveness, and the modern characteristics of revolutionary ideology. His narration of the complex observation, interrogation, denial, co-optation, and mythologization between intellectuals and the mass deepens the theme of alienation since May Fourth movement.

李锐的"文革"叙事不是道德化的，也不是知青式的"拒绝忏悔"，而是从民间的愚昧和迷狂、知识分子的非反思性、"文革"意识形态的现代特征三个层面反思"文革"，达到了相当的深度，他对知识分子与民间复杂的观看、质疑、拒绝、收编、神化等关系的叙述，是对五四以来的隔膜主题的深化。

To solve above problems, it is suggested to advance parti-colored communication channels, in sure communication targets and subjects, bring message to light as soon as possible, co-optation opinions of local people, building a institutional channel for risk communication; it possibly becomes the risk communication tool which full of environmental democracy if consensus conference could reinforce it's representatives of citizen panel, legal force of conclusion report.

根据上述成因本研究认为发展多元化讯息发布管道、确定沟通对象与议题、尽早公开资讯、吸纳当地民众意见、建立制度化的风险沟通管道等可做为政府风险沟通之参考依据；而公民会议若能强化公民小组之代表性与结论报告的法律效力，则可能成为具备环境民主精神之风险沟通工具。

Private entrepreneurs ;political impact; elite co-optation ; political change

论文导师桑玉成，论文学位博士，论文专业政治学理论

Public Department : Taking part in the masterminds of two lectures , middle co optation and inner training in each section .

公关部：近期参与了两个讲座的策划，中大换届，部门内部培训。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。