查询词典 operative

There are three phases of management for laryngectomy: pre-operative, operative, and post-operative management.

有三个阶段的管理喉切除术：手术前，手术，以及手术后的管理。

Operative mortality was 26.3%.Conclusion Under the conditions of perfect operative procedure and proper operative method,splenotomy is feasible for patients with cirrhosis of Child-Pugh C.

在手术操作熟练、方法得当的情况下，Child-Pugh C级肝硬化患者可以行脾切除手术治疗。

50 Patients with peristomal hernia treated by open peristomal hernia repair with GORE-TEX Dual Mesh at our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Operative time, post-operative complications, post-operative hospitalization and recurrence of hernia were studied.

回顾性分析2003年1月至2008年1月在我科应用GORE-TEX Dual Mesh行开放式造口旁疝修补的50例患者的手术情况、术后并发症、住院时间和复发情况。

objective to study the diagnosis and operative treatment of foramen magnum tumors.methods the clinical presentations,mri images, operative technique and prognosis of 9 cases with tumors of the foramen magnum were analyzed retrospectively.results 5 cases got total removal, 3 cases got subtotal removal, and 1 case got partial removal.conclusion acquaintance with anatomy of foramen magnum region,microsurgical technique,suitable surgical approach and post--operative management are closely related with the therapeutic effect.

目的 研究枕大孔区肿瘤的诊断与手术疗效。方法回顾性分析9例枕大孔区肿瘤的临床表现和mri影像，手术技巧和预后。结果全切5例，次全切3例，部分切除1例。结论熟悉枕大孔区解剖，运用显微外科技术，选择合适手术入路，注重术后处理，都与疗效密切相关。

Objective To observe how to raise the rate of operative resection and operative succeed on head of pancreas and ampulla malignant tumor.

目的 探讨如何提高胰头壶腹部恶性肿瘤的手术切除率和手术成功率。

To estimate the effect of three differentapproaches on operative exposure by measuring the distance between rear part ofposterior semicircular canal and anterior margin of the sigrnoid sinus at the level oflateral semicircular canal,exposure areas of posterior fossa,operative angle of visionand residual lateral projection area of drilled semicircular canal.

3另9例尸头标本行迷路后入路、PLPA入路及经迷路入路，测量外半规管水平半规管后端与乙状窦前缘的距离、后颅窝暴露面积、手术视角及残留半规管的侧方投影面积，评价三种不同手术方式对手术暴露的影响。

The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

结果：1、钳夹分离切肝法不需特殊仪器设备，只要具备常规的腹腔镜器械即可实施，成本低，肝断面较易渗血；2、微波固化切肝法肝实质出血很少，视野清晰，成本低，操作简单，是一种安全、简便、有效的方法；3、超声刀是目前较为理想的切肝器械，术中出血少，但是，切割速度慢，手术时间长，而且，切割强度有限，适用于无肝硬化的肝切除；4、Ligsure具有挤压粉碎及高频电凝止血两大功能，可使包括7~以下管道的肝组织碳化、形成焦痴，具有一定的优势，但是，也存在分离钳电凝止血的缺点；5、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除可以利用术者左手的灵活性及手感，便于术中显露、分离、控制出血等，可随意协助右手及助手的主要操作，缩短了手术时间，大大提高了腹腔镜肝切除的安全性，李朝龙等的改良方法，同样达到了手辅助目的，又节省了费用；6、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法可以使用剖腹肝切除常规器械及剖腹肝切除技术，操作简单、可靠，适用于肝左外叶切除及右肝第V段切除；7、Endo一GIA切肝法在离断肝组织的同时闭合管道结构，多用于肝左静脉、门静脉分支、管径较大胆管的切割，缺点是不能用于较厚肝组织的切割，而且价格昂贵；8、临床巧例腹腔镜肝切除均获得成功，手术时间最短1.5h，最长sh，平均125 min，多数在100 min左右，手术出血量最少50 ml，最多500 ml，平均1 78 ml，除2例合并严重肝硬化的原发性肝癌患者术后出现少量腹水，1例术后发生胆漏外，其余无并发症，发生胆漏的1例患者术后住院40d，多数在术后一周左右出院，术后住院时间5一40d，平均gd。

Or states that the mail confirmation is to be the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment

或声明嗣后寄出的证实书将是有效的信用证文件或有效的修改

The teletransmission will be deemed to be the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment

该电讯即视为有效的信用证文件或有效的修改书

The Issuing Bank must forward the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment to such Advising Bank without delay.

开证行必须不延误地向通知行寄送有效的信用证文件或有效的修改。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。