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The crystal structure of three eremophliane sesquiterpenes and one bisabolane sequiterpene with two epoxies from above two Ligularia species were determined by X-ray four circle differactomer technique and single crystal structure analysis, and their stereostructure was further confirmed.

利用X-射线四元单晶衍射技术和单晶结构分析方法，测定了两种橐吾属中三个艾里莫芬烷型倍半萜及一个双环氧没药烷型倍半萜的晶体结构，进一步确定了它们的立体构型。

This lungless salamander, which breathes through its skin, is one of three similar species RAEI scientists spotted in Ecuadorian forests.

这种无肺蝾螈靠皮肤呼吸，是RAEI小组在厄瓜多尔森林发现的三种类似种群的一种。

The results showed that the optimized content of Mg~(2+) was 5mmol/L; dNTP was 200μmol/L; Primer was 0.5μmol/L; Taq polymerase was lU/50ul in the PCR system. Only one fragment of about 270bp was amplified within the genome of 12 wild species and 23 cultivars of Mallus Mill., which indicated that Ty1-copia-like retrotransposons were archaic components of apple genome. The nested insertion of near and within the reverse transcriptase gene of Ty1-copia-like retrotransposons wasn\'t found in apple genome.2 The reverse transcriptase conservative region of Ty1-copia-like retrotransposons were amplified from Gala apple using the optimized PCR system. The amplification product was isolated, cloned and sequenced. Forty-five clones containing reverse transcriptase conservative region were obtained (accession number: AY849580 -AY849592 and DQ105035-DQ105066). Cluster analysis of these sequences showed a great heterogeneity among RT domains isolated from the same genotype.

从苹果属12个野生种和苹果23个栽培品种中都扩增到了约270bp的目的产物，且所有试材的扩增结果一致，均无目的条带以外的产物扩增，说明Ty1-copia类逆转座子在苹果属植物中广泛存在，且存在历史可能较为久远；从扩增结果看不出该逆转座子的逆转录酶基因或附近区域在苹果基因组内有嵌套行为的发生。2、利用优化了的PCR方法从嘎拉苹果基因组克隆了45条Ty1-copia类逆转座子逆转录酶保守序列(登陆号分别为AY849580-AY849592和DQ105035-DQ105066)，结果表明，同一基因组来源的这些序列存在高度的异质性。

Analyzing the DNA Polymorphism: 14 random primers were selected to analyze the DNA polymorphism of 13 species of Melampsora larici-populina, the result indicates: The isolates of MLP have resemblance and difference, thee differences reflect the DNA Polymorphism of them.But the Polymorphism is not related to their origin.the result is consistent with departed one.

2DNA多态性分析：用所选出的14条随机引物对13种落叶松-杨栅锈菌进行RAPD分析，发现落叶松—杨栅锈菌菌种之间既有一定相似性，又具有明显的遗传多态性且多态性与地理来源没有必然的相关性，这与以往的结论相一致。

The results showed that Meriones meridianus was a typical dominant species and Euchoreutes naso was one of representative rodents in Alashan Desert.

因此，分析以上3种啮齿动物的分布对于荒漠区动物种群生态学、动物地理学和生物多样性的研究都具有一定的意义。

Following the altitude, we can see that the different layers of forest and species of plants are plentiful and diverse. The ecology of animals and plants also present various appearances, and there are many kinds of protective biology bred in the depth of the forests like Muntiacus reevesii micrurus、Long-hair Goat, Taiwan Macaque, Taiwan One-leaf Orchid and so on.

随著海拔的攀升，林相分层和植物种类丰富歧异，动植物生态亦呈现多样的变化，在山林幽静处多种保育生物孕蕴而生，像是山羌、长鬃山羊、台湾猕猴及台湾一叶兰等。

One of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises about 500 species in 14 families of aquatic and semi-aquatic herbs.

单子叶植物纲的四个亚纲或总目之一；包含14个属中500个种类的水生或半水生草类。

One factor within the crown of monoecious species is the proximity of male and female flowers.

雌雄同株树种的树冠内的一个因素，就是雄花和雌花很接近。

Above these species, a tetrachotomy separated four monophyletic groups, the first one consisting of P. mira and P.

野扁桃和矮扁桃在桃亚属中其它种的基部，紧接着是扁桃，它单独占有一类位置。

Because species of neither Bos nor Bison clustered as respective monophyletic lineages, these two should be taxonomically treated as one genus.

因此，本研究不支持将牦牛独立为牦牛属——Poephagus，牛属与野牛属在分类上也应合并为一个属。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。