查询词典 on-limits

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

Existing research results in various oceanatmosphere coupled models are comprehensively analyzed based on three aspects: the impact of SOFF on global thermohaline circulation and sealevel change and the propagation path of anomalous signal induced by SOFF. A wide range of different viewpoints on the SOFF are summarized; controversial questions are discussed and valuable research directions in the future are suggested. Furthermore, a perspective on the research prospect of this topic under global warming is provided.

从南大洋淡水通量异常对热盐环流和海平面变化的影响以及异常信号传播路径等3个方面系统分析了各种海洋-大气耦合数值模式的已有研究结果，总结了与这一问题有关的各种不同学术观点，对目前存有争议的问题进行了讨论，并对未来有价值的研究方向和全球变暖背景下这一问题的研究前景进行了展望。

After the outbreak of Anti-Japanese War, chairman Lin Sen ordered to move the capital from Nanjing to Chongqing on November 20, 1937, and all the staff arrived in Chongqing the same year. On December 9, 1941, Lin Sen, on behalf of the nationalist government, declared war against Japan, thus China's Anti- Japanese War was a part of the world anti-fascism battle. Lin Sen died of a road accident and its complications on August 1, 1949. He was buried beside his official residence—"Lin Yuan"(which is located in the PLA Chongqing Communication College).

抗日战争爆发后，1937年11月20日，他以国民政府主席身份在南京颁发了"正式迁都重庆"的命令，同年11月亲率机关工作人员抵达重庆。1941年12月9日，林森代表国民政府正式宣布对日宣战，并宣布对德、意两国处于战争状态，从而将中国的抗日战争引入了世界反法西斯战争范畴。1949年5月10日，林森因车祸引发脑溢血，由于年势已高，加之战时医疗条件欠缺，久治不愈，于同年8月1日去逝，葬于其山洞蒋介石送给他的官邸旁（在今解放军重庆通信学院内），世称"林园"。

On one hand, it changes the distribution of meridional wind, thus the geostrophic vortivity develops in the ridge region on the south of the subtropical high at 500 hPa. On the other hand, it causes inhomogeneity of the vertical distribution of diabetic heating, triggering anomalous cyclonic circulation between two ridges and anticyclonic circulation in the ridge region on the south.

这一方面改变了经向风的分布，使500 hPa副高南侧脊线区域地转涡度平流项发展；另一方面引起非绝热加热垂直分布不均匀，在两脊线之间诱生一异常气旋性环流，在南侧脊线区生成异常反气旋环流。

On the interannual timescale, two waveguides of planetary waves in the northern winter have antiphase oscillation. On the one hand, this interannual oscillation has an interaction with the Northern Annular Mode. On the other hand, it exerts influence on the climate anomalies over East Asia.

在年际时间尺度上，冬季行星波两支波导的变化存在反相关的振荡关系，这种年际振荡一方面影响了北半球环状模的位相，另外一方面导致了东亚地区的气候异常。

On one hand, exhibiting talent in the course of antiphon give rise to oddish ryhme and allusion, even language and sense break apart. On the other hand, it motivated poets to explore poetic aesthetics and innovate on and on, which promoted the prosperity of poetry terrace.

唱和诗的赓和逞才，一方面造成了唱和诗押韵、用典方面的求新求怪，时有文意割裂的现象发生；同时，它激发诗人去钻研诗艺，在艺术上寻求创新，不因循守旧，这对元祜诗坛的繁荣也起了一定的促进作用。

On one hand, exhibiting talent in the course of antiphon give rise to oddish ryhme and allusion, even language and sense break apart. On the other hand, it motivated poets to explore poetic aesthetics and innovate on and on,which promoted the prosperity of poetry terrace.

唱和诗的赓和逞才，一方面造成了唱和诗押韵、用典方面的求新求怪，时有文意割裂的现象发生；同时，它激发诗人去钻研诗艺，在艺术上寻求创新，不因循守旧，这对元祐诗坛的繁荣也起了一定的促进作用。

To satisfy the PDS antitype system requirements of ITS market,two systems are developed based on the computational classifier ensemble model.One is based on PC platform,which is used for offline algorithm verification,and the other one is based on a DSP chip,which is used for on-board pedestrian detection.

针对智能交通市场对廉价的行人检测原型系统的需要，本文在组合分类计算模型的基础上，分别完成了基于PC计算平台的行人检测算法离线验证平台和基于DSP的车载行人检测原型系统。

This syndrome impacts seriously not only on the apiary industry, but also on crop production and on native plants that rely on honeybees for pollination.

此症严重地冲击养蜂事业，亦对赖以蜜蜂授粉之农作物的生产及对野生植物永续发展产生严重地威胁。

First, the S-CDMA-HFC system with integrated traffic is introduced and the method of traffic integration is given. Second, the upstream channel capacity of the S-CDMA-HFC system with integrated traffic that has the same rate is analyzed. The chronoff limit and Gaussian approximate equation of the upstream channel cutoff probability are derived. Third, the impact of the selection of the line transmission rate on the upstream channel capacity of the S-CDMA-HFC system with integrated traffic is discussed in detail. The cutoff probability and throughout equations of the upstream channel with different integrated traffic are derived. Fourth, the impact of the power control error on the capacity is discussed. Results show that the power control error will degrade the upstream channel capacity and have different influence on the different traffic. Finally, the capacity requirement of the initialization process is raised. Analytical results show that the initialization process will impact on the capacity slightly.

首先，简单介绍了综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统，给出了业务综合的方法；然后，分析了具有相同码率的综合业务条件下的S-CDMA-HFC系统上行信道容量，导出上行信道中断概率的切尔诺夫上限和高斯近似公式；然后，详细讨论了基本传输速率的选择对综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统上行信道容量的影响，导出了不同业务综合条件下上行信道的中断概率和吞吐量公式；然后，讨论了功率控制误差对综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统上行信道容量的影响，结果表明功率控制误差会使上行信道容量下降，且对不同业务的影响程度是不同的；最后给出了初始接入的容量要求，分析结果表明初始接入将对综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统上行容量带来影响，但不明显。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。