查询词典 on the threshold of

On defining the conditional threshold of discretized density evolution, a method for designing the time-invariant quantized decoder with finite levels, which can approach the optimal time-varying one and hence the continuous decoding, is proposed.

应用Shannon率失真理论以及密度进化理论，阐述了最佳量化译码的时变特性，建立了离散密度进化的条件阈值概念，提出了二元输入对称信道上逼近最佳时变量化译码、进而接近连续译码的时不变量化译码设计方法，推导了量化和积算法与最小和算法的等价条件，从误码率性能、错误平层和平均迭代次数等三个指标全面衡量量化译码性能； 5。

Aiming at the circumstances that skull and the gore are conterminous in the CT image of encephalic hemorrhage,a segmentation algorithm on the gore recognition is designed with the integration of edge detection,region growing and threshold segmentation.

针对颅内出血CT图像颅骨与出血块相接的情况，设计了一个集边缘检测、区域生长、阈值分割于一体的出血块识别算法，并通过计算机模拟实验实现了出血部位的识别与自动分割，为出血量的定量计算奠定基础。

The information Radon coefficient wrap-around of the line on a finite field was caused by the modular arithmetic so that the Radon coefficient information in the periodic oscillations direction was processed with discrete cosine transformation, and other direction information was processed with wavelet analysis in order to reduce the wrap-around of rebuilding information. At the same time, according to the characteristic of the noise, one kind of denoising threshold selection plan was proposed.

正交有限脊波分析处理信息时，有限域平面上的直线由于模运算的存在而引起信息Radon系数的卷绕，为此，对Radon系数周期振荡方向的信息采用离散余弦变换处理，其他方向信息采用小波分析处理，以减少卷绕对信息重建影响；同时，结合图像信息中噪声的特点，提出了一种去噪浮动阈值的选取方案。

In this paper, a novel synchronization acquisition approach using the early-late gate for FFH/BFSK system is proposed, and it is based on frequency-PN sequence double pattern. Analytical and numerical results show the following advantages: the decision of threshold is more simple and accurate, and it overcomes the unreliableness of one-hop data demodulation, the unreliableness is caused by the not-alignment hop window of transmitter and receiver.

摘要针对FFH/BFSK系统的同步难题，该文提出了一种基于频率和PN序列双图案的早迟门同步捕获方法，理论分析和仿真结果显示，该方法门限的选择更为简单、准确；克服了全跳解调时由于收发窗口未同步引起的解调不可靠性。

Authority: 1 the draftee requisition quota review system should be transparent and fair, and allow requisition agency to be involved in personnel planning and quota augmentation; 2 for traffic assistant draftee qualification, history criminal record, tattoo ban and basic body examination threshold shall be established, the policy of selecting the right person by the requisition agency should be respected, examination and civil service bureaus support should be solicited to offer bonus points to police draftees in the police recruiting exams; 3 "assistant service" should be defined in related regulations, and restriction should be properly lifted; requisition agency should be authorized to list service items for draftee to serve individually; 4 provide diversified and rich information on substitute service volunteer screening, hold draftee screening fairs, produce screening posters or adopt the volunteer card and computer-based selection system, raise the draftees' salary to respond to the increasing living cost.

一、对主管机关建议：1。役男需求员额之审核机制应透明、公正，并开放需用机关参与人力规划与争取增额途径。2。交通助理役男之甄选资格，应设立前科纪录、纹身之限制条件与基本体检门槛，并尊重需用机关宁缺勿滥之用人政策，争取考铨机关支持警察役男报考警察特考加分优惠措施。3。「辅助性勤务」定义应明确规范於法条中，并适度修正放寛限制，授权需用机关以列举方式，明确订定役男得单独服勤之勤务项目。4。提供丰富多元的替代役甄选志愿资讯，举办役男甄选博览会、印制甄选海报文宣或改采缴交志愿卡电脑分发，调高替代役之薪饷，以符民生物资高涨。

This article estimates the extreme loss distribution with extreme value theory, estimates the shape parameter with HKKP estimator, which is unbiased to small sample data, selects the right threshold by selecting smallest mean square error of the estimated cumulative distribution function and empirical cumulative distribution function and based on the extreme value theory method, this article estimates the extreme loss distribution and the p-percentile operational loss under certain believe range for Chinese commercial banks, then calculates the operational risk supervise capital.

本文利用极值理论对中国商业银行操作损失极端值分布进行估计，针对尾参数估计的来用传统Hill佑计对小样本数据容易产生偏倚的情况，提出了采用Hill佑计的改进―小样本无偏估计的HKKP佑计来估计操作损失的尾参数，针对由于阈值确定不准确导致结果偏差大的情况，采用最小化估计的累计概率分布与经验累计概率分布平均平方误差的方法确定较精确的阈值，估计出给定置信水平下操作风险损失的分位数，从而使得中国商业银行操作风险监管资本的测定成为可能。

There are totally five chapters in the paper. Chapter 1 is the introduc-tion,and extreme value theory and methods and modelling for returns fat tails are introduced systematically in Chapter 2.This chapter also presents mean excess function and de Haan's moment estimate to decide on the reasonable exceedance threshold. Chapter 3 describes in detail non-linear time series mod-els such as GARCH models and the corresponding statistical inferences,and it also gives modelling and statistical analysis methods for returns series. Chap-ter 4 uses the models in Chapter 2 to analyzes the daily returns for Shanghai complex index and Shenzhen complex index in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets. Chapter 5 applies the models in Chapter 3 to the volatility analysis of the two stock indices returns.

论文总共五章：第一章是引言部分；第二章系统介绍了极值理论方法和收益率厚尾的建模方法，给出了平均剩余函数法和de Haan矩估计相结合的方法确定合理的超越门限；第三章详细论述了非线性时间序列模型GARCH类模型及其统计推断，并且给出了收益率时间序列波动的建模和统计分析方法；第四章利用第二章的模型对国内沪深两市大盘指数上证综指和深证综指日收益率数据分布的厚尾进行了实证分析；第五章将第三章的模型应用到两个股指日收益率时间序列的波动分析。

The examples show: It is not only scientific and rational approximately, but also as referenced calculational methods of threshold quanlity of increased or emendatory chemical substance in the "Identifecation of major hazard installations "(GB18218-2000) in the future, that appliance respective of TNT equivalent method, gasoline equivalent method, methane equivalent method, methl ethyl ketone peroxide equivalent method and hydrogen sulfide equivalent method for the rhrehold quanlity in the work site and store area of volatile substance, combustible liquid substance, combustible gaseous substance, active chemical substance and poisonous substance. At the same time, Comparing with the death radius method and evaluative method of combustible, volatile, poisonous mojor hazardinstalltions, hazard grading method of hazard degree grading in the chemical factory for the major hazard installations is simplerof operation and more practical of calcutating result, and have some significance on generalizer.

实例验证表明：TNT当量法、汽油当量法、甲烷当量法和过氧化甲乙酮当量法分别对爆炸性物质、易燃液体物质、易燃气体物质和活性化学物质的临界量确定，具有一定的科学性和合理性，可作为《重大危险源辨识》(GB18218-2000)中临界量数值修订和危险物质扩充时进行临界量确定的参考计算方法，同时，化工厂危险程度的重大危险源分级法与易燃、易爆和有毒重大危险源评价法和死亡半径法相比，评估过程简单易行，分级结果符合实际，具有较强的可操作性和一定的推广意义。

If average values before or after catastrophe point when the pressure at both ends reduces exceed the threshold value, judging that there is leak and positioning: calculating approximate wavelet transformation coefficient of pressure data at both ends, initializing searching interval, calculating a signal time delay value corresponding to approximate wavelet transformation coefficient in the searching interval from maximal scale N; converting the time delay value under scale N to that under N-1 by geometric proportion relation; updating the searching interval, repeating above processes until the scale is 0 and positioning based on the time delay value.

若两端压力下降突变点前后的均值变化均超过阈值，判定有泄漏并进行定位：计算两端压力数据的近似小波变换系数，初始化搜索区间，从最大尺度N开始在搜索区间内计算对应近似小波变换系数的信号时延值，利用等比关系将尺度N下的时延估计值转换为N-1下时延估计值，以该值更新搜索区间，重复以上过程至尺度为0，以此时延估计值进行定位。

Based on the 2-D distribution of channel impurity, the distribution of 2-D electric field and 2-D interaction potential, which is caused by the interaction between the ionized impurity in the depletion layer and radiation induced positive spatial charge, is analyzed by using image charge method. Resolving Poisson equation, the mobility expression of N-type and P-type non-uniform channel MOS and the mathematics expression of the threshold voltage model of DMOS are obtained.

基于沟道杂质的非均匀分布，借助镜像法导出非均匀沟道辐照正空间电荷和沟道中电离杂质的二维场及其作用，给出非均匀沟道DMOS器件辐照正空间电荷与沟道杂质的二维互作用势。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。