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He takes it that when we reflect clearheadedly on the examples he puts before us—of the dog, the parrot, the baby and so on—we will be brought to realize that we simply have no justification, no "grounds", for taking the cited behavior to be a response to one item on the triggering causal sequence rather than another.

他认为，当我们清醒反思他给出的例子，狗、鹦鹉、孩子等，我们就会认识到'我们对所提到行为作为回应的对象是这个原因而不是别的'完全没有辩护，没有根据。一旦我们确实这样认为，其真几乎并不重要。

The first "Oktoberfest" took place in Munich, on October 12, 1810: For the commemoration of their marriage, Crown Prince Ludwig and Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen (namesake of the Theresienwiese festival grounds) organized a great horse race (the marriage took place on October 12; the horse race on October 17 - therefore, there are different dates named as being the first Oktoberfest).

第一 " Oktoberfest"在慕尼黑发生了，在 1810 年十月 12 日：对于他们的 Saxe－Hildburghausen（Theresienwiese 节日的理由同名的人）的婚姻、皇太子路得维希（第一较迟的路得维希国王）和 Therese 公主的纪念组织了一个很棒的马比赛。（婚姻在十月 12 日发生了；马比赛在十月 17 日-因此，当作为第一 Oktoberfest 的时候，有不同的日期被命名

The study of dynamic interactions of foundations and grounds on half space has been the focus on the mechanics and engineering fields. It is of great value to the development of the elastodynamics and is very helpful to the analysis and design of foundations subjected to dynamic loads, such as vibrating machines and seismic waves.

半空间地基与基础的动力相互作用问题的研究一直受到力学界和工程界的关注，它不仅对于弹性动力学的发展有着重要的学术价值，而且对机器基础及地震荷载作用下基础的分析与设计具有重要的指导意义。

Then, under the consideration of mixed boundary value condition, a pair of dual integral equations for the rocking vibrations of a disk on saturated grounds are obtained, which can be reduced to a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind and solved by numerical procedures. Consequently, the dynamic compliance coefficient is evaluated and numerical results are presented to portray the influence of poroelastic effects on the dynamic interaction problem.

对于刚性圆板，作者首先采用Hankel变换对波动方程进行求解，得到了该控制方程在Hankel变换域内的通解，然后由混合边值条件建立了饱和地基上刚性基础摇摆振动的对偶积分方程，并将其化为第二类Fredholm积分方程，用数值方法计算了不同频率下基础的动力柔度系数，从而考察孔隙水的存在对基础摇摆振动特性的影响。

Van Nixon went on to report on his communication with Special Projects Assistant Legislative Aide Hendrik Van der Vaart, who provided the grounds for the lack of support from both Sen.

至于WBA主席Mendosa，个人觉得他长得像Armani，经常被一群古铜色皮肤的拉丁美女端着蛋糕簇拥，唯一的缺点是说话翻来覆去的哆嗦。

Swaminathan Anklesaria Aiyar, a noted economist and journalist with the Economic Times of India and columnist in the Times of India has poured scorn on a plan to build a shipping lane between India and Sri Lanka that has already been howled down on religious grounds.

Swaminathan Anklesaria Aiyar是印度经济时代的著名经济学家及新闻记者，同时是印度时代的专栏作家，他认为在印度与斯里兰卡之间打造航运通道的计划并不可行，这一150年前就提出的计划早已为当地宗教声所扼杀。

Testamentary law is the application of a principle which may be explained on a variety of philosophical hypotheses as plausible as they are gratuitous: it is interwoven with every part of modern society, and it is defensible on the broadest grounds of general expediency.

遗嘱法所适用的原则是可以用多种多样的似是而非的哲学假设来说明的；这个原则和现代社会的每一个部分交织着，并且可以用广泛的一般便宜来作为辩护它的根据的。

I myself am inclined to think that far fewer animals than is supposed have what we should recognize as consciousness. But that is only an opinion. Unless we know on other grounds that vivisection is right we must not take the moral risk of tormenting them on a mere opinion.

我个人倾向于认为，比一般想像的要少得多的动物存在着我们所公认的意识，但这只不过是一种意见，除非我们有其它的理由证明活体解剖是对的，我们不能仅仅根据一种意见就在道德上冒折磨动物之险。

Finally, since a lot of valuable achievements in p-y curve model have been made and put into practice in the overseas design of pile foundations on liquefiable grounds whereas the domestic research is still at the start with focuses laid on experiments, some thoughts and understandings on the p-y curves are put forward in this review to elucidate effective technical approaches.

液化土p-y曲线的模型研究国外已取得不少很有价值的科研成果并开始用于桩基设计中，而国内才刚刚起步且以试验研究为主，基于这个事实，提出了对曲线模型研究的若干建议与认识，为曲线模型研究提供一些技术思路。

Prosecutors conducted trial by press conference, denouncing victims live on television on what often seemed the flimsiest of grounds.

检察官们通过新闻发布会进行庭审侦讯，在电视直播中就那些看起来最站不住脚的理由指控受害人。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。