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An exstensive research on the calculation formulas for the abutment cone slope on skewed bridges is conclucted.Calculation formulas of key parameters on slope curve are derived through analytic calculation of ellipse curve at slope bottom.The values of parameters are discussed and various forms of cone slope and curve at slope bottom are detailed.

以斜交桥梁桥台锥坡为锥坡的一般形式展开较深入的研究，通过对坡脚椭圆曲线的解析计算，推导得出坡脚曲线各控制参数的计算公式，并对其取值进行讨论，详细说明了锥坡和坡脚曲线的各种形式；进而推导了斜交锥坡的体积、护坡体积、表面积和基础体积的计算公式。

Based on seismic, well logging, drilling and core data, five super sequence boundaries have been identified by using methods of sequence stratigrphy theory in deep formations of Shengping area, northern part of Songliao basion. They are the top boundaries of bed rock (SSB1), the bottom boundaries of Shahezi group (SSB2), the bottom boundaries of Yingcheng group (SSB3), the bottom boundaries of Denglouku group (SSB4) and the bottom boundaries of Quantou group (SSB5) respectively.

应用层序地层学基本理论，在综合分析工区地震、测井、岩心等资料的基础上，确立了超层序界面、准层序和准层序组识别标志，进而对松辽盆地北部升平地区深层进行超层序界面识别，共识别出五个超层序界面，分别为基岩顶面(SSB1)、沙河子组底面(SSB2)、营城组底面(SSB3)、登娄库组底面(SSB4)和泉头组底面(SSB5)。

In order to reduce the error of a remote sensing area sentencing in two-stage survey of investigations, this article used the Bo'ai County state-owned tree farm partial remote sensing TM satellite picture and the correlation data establishes the visual solution to symbolize that, according to the solution which established translates the symbol to the place thing to carry on the remote sensing to interpret,cancelled in the room draws each place kind of boundary, extracted on the chart with the polyester membrane the area, may calculate according to the proportion interprets the area ,figured out interprets the area, simultaneously in order to enhance interprets the precision to obtain a more real reliable material, investigated 90 bottom classes in kindergarten's area from the location, and interpreted to these 90 bottom classes in kindergarten on the chart obtains the corresponding area,simultaneously established the linear model.

为了减少二类调查中遥感地类面积判读误差，本文利用博爱县国有林场部分遥感TM卫星图片和相关资料建立了目视解标志，根据所建立的解译标志对地物进行遥感判读，在室内勾绘出各地类边界，用聚酯膜求出图上面积，根据比例计算出判读面积，同时为了提高判读精度得出更加真实可靠的资料，从现地中调查了90个小班的面积，并对这90个小班在图上判读得出相应的面积，同时建立线性模型。

The tongs all passes in the machine the gearing on the bed what tongs the gearing on realizes with superficial contact in the cowgirl on the bed in machine or matches.when the tongs installs in the machine bed work on the stage,the center of gravity of the tongs should be as far as possible low,center of gravity the more high an accepts should the dint is more big,the tongs bottom four directions should bulge,make its contact good,or the bottom establishes four a feets.when the tongs installs on the machine bed principal axis,the tongs install the to should have the enough match accuracy with principal axis cowgirl surface,and guarantee the gearing the stability dependable.

夹具体在机床上的安装都是通过夹具体上的安装基面与机床上的相应表面的接触或配合实现的。当物流设备需要的公司体在机床工作台上安装时，夹具的服装厂应尽量低，重心越高则支承面应力越大，夹具底面四边应凸出，使其接触良好，或底部设置四个支脚。当夹具体在机床主轴上安装时，夹具安装基面与主轴相应表面应有足够的配合精度，并保证安装稳定可靠。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

In this paper, numerical computations are made on the scattering of ultrasonic pulse waves with different centroid frequencies of 100 kHz,500 kHz and 1 MHz in fluid-filled finite-length perforation by using Finite Element Method,where three kinds of models of perforation bottom, I.E., flat bottom, stepped bottom and acuminated bottom,are assumed to simulate the practical bottoms of perforation.

乔文孝，杜光升。射孔孔眼中散射超声脉冲波的FEM模拟。测井技术，2001，25（2）：96～100 采用有限元素法，分别数值计算了平底孔道、台阶式孔道和尖劈状孔道等3种孔眼模型中不同中心频率(100 kHz、500kHz、1 MHz)的散射超声脉冲波。

Rehoused in the bottom of the furnace two wall and put aside silk brick, the workpiece is heated on the silicon carbide furnace bottom board, the use of the best in the box atthe bottom, put a piece of stainless steel plates, this prevents the workpiece impact on the furnace bottom.

安置在炉膛两壁及炉底的搁丝砖上，被加热工件放在炉膛内的碳化硅炉底板上，使用时最好在箱式炉底上放一块不锈钢板，这样可防止工件对炉底板的撞击。

The arch bending on the top of the original main arch ring corresponds to every arch rib and the bottom beam on its landscape orientation. As a result it becomes a down arc frame similar to slab-and-beam floor system. On the arch bending and bottom beam just established, standing pillar, main beam, horizontal rib beam and bridge front-panel would be built subsequently. Both ends of the main beam would then be put off the new hat beam made of reinforced concrete. Now, it becomes an upper slab-and-beam floor system. Two decks will be joined together on the middle of the bridge, which forms the ability of spanning and loading.

在原主拱圈拱肋相应位置处增设拱伏，横向增设底梁，形成一个下层弧形的类似肋梁楼盖的结构；在已浇筑好的拱伏与底梁上，继续现浇立柱、主梁和横向肋梁、桥面板，主梁的两端搁置在桥台处新增加的钢筋混凝土台帽梁上，形成一个上层肋梁楼盖结构，并且上下两层楼盖在桥梁跨中互为渗透结合成一个牢固的整体，共同完成了跨越和承载的能力。

"There are two types of oyster farming: suspension culture, in which oysters are grown off bottom, in floating trays, is a labor-intensive form of cultivation that requires continuous tending and cleaning of both gear and shellfish, and bottom culture, which is similar to conventional crop farming on land; it involves selecting areas of the sea floor that provide a natural food supply, necessary currents, minimum exposure to predators, and proper temperature and then ""seeding" the bottom with shellfish stock that are left to grow to market size.

中文解释=有两种典型的牡蛎养殖场︰悬浮养殖，牡蛎不接触海水底部而在悬浮的箱架中生长，属於劳动力密集型式的养殖方式，工具和贝都需要经常照顾和清洗。底部养殖，类似於传统的在土地上种植农作物，需要选择能提供营养物、必须的水流、被捕食者接触的机会最小、和适宜的温度的海底地，然后将贝类&种植&在海底，让它生长到市场所需的大小。

Although business mark now is divided into again and can compete and can'ts compete two of expenses, these two part of expenseses is according to nation of certainly sum and take the fee system to carry on the calculating, while announce bidding result, owner and bid the square is according to same diagram paper, same settle sum, take the fee standard and fee rates to do a mark bottom and bid to quote, then mark the bottom and offers press certain way to integrate judges and decide the mark mark bottom, judging and decide the business mark, each bid square make to near to most to judge and decide the mark in the offer mark a square business of the bottom mark get a goal tallest, most probably in mark.

虽然商务标现在又分为可竞争和不可竞争费用两部，但这两部分费用是按照国家的定额和取费制度进行计算的，在开标时，业主和投标方按照同一图纸、同一定额、取费标准及费率做出标底和投标报价，然后把标底和报价按一定方式整合得出评标标底，评商务标时，各投标方所作报价中最接近评标标底的一方商务标得分最高，最有可能中标。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。