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In the'conclusions', this dissertation emphasizes on the characteristics of the English abroad colonial expansion in the period of the formation of the nation-state. The further conclusions of the paper are as the following. The national spirit transfers to a strong force of promoting the English to go and expand abroad. Their aims are to deny the supreme popish authority, and to challenge the monopoly privilege of Spain and Portugal in the course of the abroad colonial expansion. They intend to break up the old system, of which the universalism of the'Christendom'is the foundation, and to strive for the English right of independence, liberty, and equality in the world.

在"结语"部分，本文着重分析了民族国家形成时期英国海外殖民扩张的若干特点，指出民族主义精神已经转变成一种推动英国人海外殖民扩张向前发展的强大力量，他们的目的就是要否认中世纪以来所谓至尊不二的教皇权威，挑战葡萄牙和西班牙两国在海外殖民扩张中独享的垄断地位，打破以"基督教大世界"普世主义原则为基础的旧世界体系，争取英格兰民族国家在国际舞台中应当享有的独立、自由和平等的政治地位。

The first consequence is that the child will inevitably consider one parent "good", more willing to give in to his desires and the other parent "bad", always ready to prohibit him from doing something. But what makes matters worse is that the child, receiving conflicting messages on the same matter, does not absorb the rule. In other words, as he does not receive clear and univocal messages from the most important people, a child becomes incapable of building up stable reference points, because he acknowledges the concept that there is no such thing as fixed rules and that what parents say can be disputed. A child can also learn to exploit the different points of view to his advantage, turning each time the more permissive parent and ignoring the authority of the more severe one. This can also have important repercussions in the years that follow, because a person who has not learned specific reference points as a child, becomes incapable of respecting the simple rules even at school, at work and those of civil cohabitation. With inevitable consequences from a social and relationship point of view.

第一个我们得到的结论就是小孩子可能会推断只要是能够满足他的欲望的父亲或母亲就是「好的」，而将另一位总是禁止他做某些事情的父亲或母亲当作是「不好的」，但让情况变得更糟的是小孩，在同一个世界当中不断接受到冲突的讯息，但并没有理解这个规则，换句话说，他无法从最重要的人们身上收到清楚、明确的讯息，无法与其建立信赖关系，因为他认知到爸妈说的话是可以被质疑的，且没有任何修改的规则，一个小孩对於他的利益会有不同的观点，只要有一方放纵小孩，而小孩则会去忽视比较严格的那一方，接下来的几年影响力是持续的，因为当他还是孩子的时候他没有去学会那些特定的参考指标，所以就变得没有办法遵循那些很简单的规则，甚至是在学校、工作上或是一般社区的环境，从社交关系上来说这是无法避免的结论。

As a result of physiological, psychological and the social various reason, at present, in our country,at least 1/3 above of old- aged people usually appear the psychological question, such as the feeling of being alone, the despondent mood, the inferiority complex, the oversuspicious point of view, the authority of thoughts and the feeling of life satisfaction reduced and so on. This not only seriously affects senior citizen's life quality, but also bring the very tremendous negative influence to construct the socialism harmonious society.

由于生理、心理及社会各方面的原因，目前我国至少有三分之一以上老年人，常会出现诸如孤独感、抑郁情绪、自卑心理、多疑心态、权威思想及生活满意感降低等心理问题；这不但严重影响老年人的生命质量，而且对构建社会主义和谐社会带来很大的负面影响。

We determine and decree that the prelates of France, chapters of churches and monasteries, and laymen favouring them, of whatever rank they may be, even royal, who approve or falsely use the said sanction, together with each and every other person thinking, either individually or in a group, that this sanction is to his advantage, be warned and cited, within a definite adequate term to be established, by a public edict -- which is to be fixed on the doors of the churches of Milan, Asti and Pavia, since a safe approach to France is not available -- that they are to appear before us and the aforesaid council and declare the reasons why the said sanction and its corrupting effect and misuse in matters concerning the authority, dignity and unity of the Roman church and the apostolic see, and the violation of sacred canons and of ecclesiastical freedom, ought not to be declared and judged null and void and be abrogated, and why those so warned and cited should not be restrained and held as if they had been warned and cited in person.

我们决定和命令，主教的法国，各章的教堂和修道院，并有利於这些外行人，无论职级，他们可能是，即使王室，谁批准或虚假地表示，制裁的使用，以及每一个其他人的思维，要么单独或在一组，这一制裁是自己的优势，给予警告，并指出，在充分肯定长期设立，由一个公共的法令-这是被固定在门教堂米兰，阿斯蒂和帕维亚，因为安全的办法，法国无法使用-他们是摆在我们面前出现的上述理事会，并宣布的原因说，制裁和其腐蚀作用和滥用有关的事项的权力，尊严和团结的罗马教会和使徒见，侵犯神圣的信条和宗教的自由，不应该被宣布和判断无效的，应予废除，为什麼这些所谓警告，并提到不应当加以限制和举行，好像他们已经警告和中提到的人。

This paper mainly adopted literature data, questionnaire and interview and logic analysis methods, and used the theory of urban development, sports management theory, theory of mass sports, community sports theory, and other theories. By grasping the basic characteristics of China's social modernization process and analyzing the status of community sports conduction and management and the presence of a series of problems in the new-type city - Jiujiang, we found the main factors affecting urban Community Sports Management in Jiujiang City and opportunities for the urban community sports management binged by the implementation of the "3 +1" strategy, and Consequently, explored the model adapting to community sports management and development in Jiujiang the new-type city under a "3 +1" strategy. That is the light of these constraints and opportunities analysis concluded: As China's economic reform and social reform of the management system of deep,single Administrative Management Mode-omnipotent authority are depleting,at the same time,Jiujiang City "3 +1" to the implementation of the strategy has brought city and the residents change.Sports needs of the residents of the community which continuously enhance the connotation of sports management on the basis of qualitative change rapidly rich,variable-totalitarian government administration for the government-led management.

本论文主要采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法及逻辑分析等方法，运用城市发展理论、体育管理理论、群众体育理论、社区体育理论等多种理论，把握我国社会现代化过程的基本特征，通过分析新型城市--九江市城市社区体育开展现况及社区体育管理现状和存在的系列问题，找到了影响九江市城市社区体育管理的主要因素（管理体制的不合理；缺乏有针对性的政策法规；管理系统（服务管理系统、场地设施管理系统、体育人才管理系统、体育经费管理系统等）不够健全和完善；管理者思想和管理观念落后及被管理者素质不高等5个方面）及在实行&3+1&战略后给城市社区体育管理带来的机遇（&3+1&战略的实施为九江城市社区体育管理奠定了坚实的经济基础和发展的动力；&3+1&战略的实施为九江城市社区体育管理提供了广阔的市场和空间；实行&3+1&战略为社区体育管理带来了居民体育意识的转变等3个方面）等问题的研究，从而探索出&3+1&战略下适合九江市新型城市社区体育管理发展的模式，即针对以上制约因素和机遇的分析得出结论：随着我国经济体制改革和社会管理体制改革的深人，单一的行政全能主义管理模式的权威性日趋枯竭，与此同时，九江市&3+1&战略实施以来，给城市及居民带来了巨变，居民对体育需求度的不断增强，致使社区体育管理的内涵在质变的基础上迅速丰富化，变政府行政全能主义为政府主导型管理。

Hence are such burdens, as that they make it mortal sin, even without offense to others, to do manual labor on holy-days, a mortal sin to omit the Canonical Hours, that certain foods defile the conscience that fastings are works which appease God that sin in a reserved case cannot be forgiven but by the authority of him who reserved it; whereas the Canons themselves speak only of the reserving of the ecclesiastical penalty, and not of the reserving of the guilt.

因此，这样的负担，因为它们使致命的单仲偕，即使没有冒犯他人，这样做的体力劳动对圣地-天，一个致命的罪过省略典型时，某些食品defile的良心，这是fastings工程安抚上帝单仲偕认为，在保留的情况下，不能原谅的，而是由他的权威，谁保留它，而炮，自己发言，不仅保留该教会的刑罚，而不是保留的罪恶感。

Such an act of rudeness both affronted the authority of the jury and the endeavor of the artist. With no one to turn to at that time, Xu Xiaoyan was forced to pocket her pride and accept the unreasonable request of the sponsors. The depression later found an outlet on the canvas in her "Paradise" series, which has proved the adagio movement of funeral march among Xu Xiaoyan's works.

她以一种好奇的眼光把这一不为人所留意的，微观的生命过程放大给我们，让我们惊奇于这生命的艳丽，在徐晓燕的心目中，这一惟乎微不足道的生命过程就是一个奇迹，是大地孕育出的生命之花，她反复用不同色调将它们演泽，变奏，以显示生命的壮丽美艳。

In the'conclusions', this dissertation emphasizes on the characteristics of the English abroad colonial expansion in the period of the formation of the nation-state. The further conclusions of the paper are as the following. The national spirit transfers to a strong force of promoting the English to go and expand abroad. Their aims are to deny the supreme popish authority, and to challenge the monopoly privilege of Spain and Portugal in the course of the abroad colonial expansion. They intend to break up the old system, of which the universalism of the'Christendom'is the foundation, and to strive for the English right of independence, liberty, and equality in the world.

在&结语&部分，本文着重分析了民族国家形成时期英国海外殖民扩张的若干特点，指出民族主义精神已经转变成一种推动英国人海外殖民扩张向前发展的强大力量，他们的目的就是要否认中世纪以来所谓至尊不二的教皇权威，挑战葡萄牙和西班牙两国在海外殖民扩张中独享的垄断地位，打破以&基督教大世界&普世主义原则为基础的旧世界体系，争取英格兰民族国家在国际舞台中应当享有的独立、自由和平等的政治地位。

To the implementation of "institutional reform" of the Fourth Republic, the National Assembly on the Government's national policy to monitor the right to be repealed, and weakened the authority of Congress to abolish the Government's measures to contain.

到了实行&维新体制&的第四共和国，国会对政府的国政监察权被废除了，削弱了国会的权限，取消了对政府的牵制措施。1975年7月26日修改的国会法，又恢复了国政监察权。

But When the First World War broke out in August, 1914, the European situations had tremendously changed, inconstract to that originally anticipated by the military authority in Berlin. His successor, Helmuth von Moltke, therefore, did not execute the entire plan left by the predecessor. As a result, the German army failed to achieve its initial objectives, which had immeasurableimpact on the course of the remaining war.

但当战争在1914年8月爆发时，柏林军事当局原先所预估的欧洲情势已大大地有所改变，因此希氏的继承人小毛奇并未全部执行其前任原有的计画，以致德军无法达成初期的战略目标，对於往后四年多之战争型态有极大的影响。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。