查询词典 on the air

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

The static model of torsion joint is based on that of bending joint. The effects of structure parameters inside air pressure, initial angle, rube average radius, rube shell thickness on the turning angle are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the relationship between the angle of torsion joint and the inside air pressure is basically linear, the angle of torsion joint increases with the initial angle and rube average radius, the angle of torsion joint decreases while the rube shell thickness increases. The kinetic equation is built for torsion joint. Simulating experiment implies that the time of inflating and deflating process is extremely shorter than that of kinetic process. So the pneumatic process can be ignored in actual system design and control. The factors that affect the dynamic features of torsion joint, such as shell thickness of rubber tube, average radius, initial angle, connector's outlet area, moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient, are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the change of rube shell thickness has no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure while greatly affects the turning angle of torsion joint; when the rube shell thickness is small, the torsion joint has a bigger turning angle, no overshoot and long risetime, when the shell thickness is big, the turning angle of torsion joint is small, but has high response speed, overshoot and low shock; when the rube average radius increases, the turning angle of torsion joint increases and the overshoot increases too; when the initial angle of torsion joint is big, the turning joint is big, the overshoot is small and shock is low, but the risetime is big; the connector's outlet area affects the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure greatly, but has no effects on the dynamic process of turning angle; moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient have no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure, but affect the dynamic process of turning angle greatly.

在弯曲关节模型推导的基础上，建立扭转关节的静态模型，并分析了扭转关节内腔压力，初始转角，橡胶管平均半径，橡胶管壁厚等参数对关节转角的影响，得出扭转关节的转动角度与充入FPA内腔的压缩气体压力之间基本呈线性关系，扭转关节的转角随初始角度和橡胶管平均半径的增大而增大，扭转关节的转角随橡胶管壁厚的增大而减小的结论；建立了扭转关节的动力学方程，仿真实验表明FPA的充放气过程与扭转关节的动力学过程相比时间极短，在实际系统设计和控制过程中可以忽略不计；分析讨论橡胶管壁厚，平均半径，初始角度，气体节流口面积，转动惯量，粘性阻尼系数等因素对扭转关节动态特性的影响，得出橡胶管初始壁厚的变化对扭转关节FPA内腔压力的动态响应几乎没有影响而对关节转角的响应曲线影响比较明显，壁厚较小时，关节可以得到较大的转角，并且转角的响应曲线没有超调，但上升时间长，壁厚较大时，关节转角变小，响应加快，但是有超调和轻微振荡现象，橡胶管平均半径越大，得到的关节转角越大，但是转角响应的超调量也随之增大，FPA的初始角度越大，关节的转角越大，并且超调量减小，振荡减弱，但是上升时间增大，管接头出口面积的大小对关节FPA内腔压力的建立过程影响较大，但对关节转角的动态响应几乎没有影响，转动惯量和粘性阻尼系数对FPA内腔压力的动态过程几乎没有影响而对扭转关节转角有较大影响等结论。

In December 1998, VFA-22 led the only Carrier Air Wing 11 air strike of Operation Desert Fox. In October 2001, VFA-22 was the first on the scene with USS Carl Vinson (CVN-70) to perform strikes against Taliban and Al Qaeda forces in Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom . In 2003, VFA-22 deployed with Carrier Air Wing 9 on board the "Carl Vinson" on an extended eight month Western Pacific deployment in support of the Global War on Terrorism. In July, 2004, VFA-22 transitioned to F/A-18 E Super Hornets, and in January, 2006, deployed with Carrier Air Wing 14 on board the USS Ronald Reagan for six months in support of the Global War on Terrorism.

1998年12月，VFA-22领导第11航母飞行联队参加的沙漠之狐空袭行动。2001年十月，VFA-22是第一支出现在美国海军卡尔文森号航空母舰（USS CVN-70）上赴阿富汗参加支援打击塔利班和基地组织武装的部队。2003年，VFA-22编入第9航母航空联队在卡尔文森号上完成了8个月的西太平洋延长部署，以便支援全球反恐战争。2004年七月，VFA-22换装F/A-18E超级大黄蜂；2006年一月，编入第14航母航空联队部署在美国海军罗纳德里根号上执行为期六个月的全球反恐战争支援任务。

The Diels-Alder cycloadditions of [60] fullerene for preparation of optical limitingmaterials are discussed in chapter 3 and 6. Soluble cycloaddition derivatives of 〓aresynthesized by the reaction of 〓 with indene,1,1'-biindene andcyclopentadiene derivatives.〓Particular, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of 〓 with1,1'-biindene under controlled conditions affords the stable monoadduct 〓〓of novel structure, which was confirmed by HPLC, FTIR, FD-MS,〓NMR,〓 NMR, HMQC and HMBC spectra, Its two bridgehead cage carbons resonate at70.91ppm, The 〓 NMR spectra showed 38 lines consistent with the 〓 symmetryassociated with [6,6] addition. The 〓 shows similar optical limitingproperties to that of 〓 in toluene for 8ns laser at wave length 532nm. Moreover, thehigh solubility of this adduct in polar solvents such as THF, acetone enables itsincorporation into sol-gel glass matrix. The thin films prepared via the sol-gel methodshow improved OL behaviour compared to those of 〓. The langmuir-Blodgett filmformation and uv-visible absorption of 〓 are also investigated. LBmonolayer of this compound is prepared on the air-water interface at 〓 mol/l. In chapter 4, three water-soluble derivatives of [60] fullerene: fullerol(1), theaddition product (2)of fullerol (1)with polyvinylpyrrolidone and fumaric acidderivative of 〓(3) are synthesized and characterized.

通过Diels-Alder环加成反应，用茚〓和1，1'-联茚〓及取代茂合成了一系列可溶性的〓环加成衍生物，发现可控制反应条件，使1，1'-联茚与〓反应，并高产率地得到具有新颖结构的单加成物，用HPLC、FTIR、FD-MS 及〓、HMQC、HMBC等多种波谱技术对其结构进行表征，测得它的两个〓杂化的桥头碳的化学位移为〓ppm，证明生成的衍生物为6∶6闭式环加成，〓NMR谱中共给出38个信号，表明〓联茚衍生物分子具有〓对称性；在波长532nm，脉冲宽度8ns的激光下，〓联茚衍生物的甲苯溶液的光限幅性能与〓的甲苯溶液相近，由于〓联茚单加成衍生物熱稳定性好，在四氢呋喃，丙酮等极性溶剂中溶解性好，能分别均匀地掺入溶胶-凝胶中，已发现它的溶胶(so1)光限幅性能优于纯〓的光限幅性能；使用Langmuir-Blodgett技术将〓联茚衍生物在空气和水的界面进行了LB单层膜和多层膜实验以及UV-Vis吸收谱研究，通过等温压缩曲线测试，证明浓度为〓〓时，〓联茚衍生物能够形成单层膜。

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苏州国虹空调秉承"顾客永远是第一"的服务理念，共享美的商用空调，格力家用空调，海尔空调，大金空调，三菱空调，新科空调，志高空调，春兰空调，松下空调巨大的产品平台，依靠现有规模且高度统一的服务渠道、专业化的服务队伍，用真诚的行动满足客户的需求。

Afterwards, the X-35C began a series of envelope-expansion flights and on 25 January 2001, the X-35C completed tanker qualification trials with a series of air-to-air refuelings behind an U.S. Air Force KC-10. The X-35C then completed its first supersonic flight on 31 January 2001 before being ferried from Edwards Air Force Base, California to Patuxent River Naval Air Station, Maryland.! t5 F* M* w. F.}% s

然后， X-35 C 开始了一系列的envelope-expansion飞行试验，并在2001年1月25日，在美国空军的KC-10 tanker耗尽的情况用air-to-air补给燃料试验飞行成功。2001年1月31日X-35 C在从爱德华空军基地被舰载到Patuxent 河海军加州马里兰空军基地后，完成了它的第一次超音速飞行。

When you can scarcely distinguished the figures of the horses, as they take it home to the farm, and above all, most subtle, most penetrating and most moving, the smell of woods smoke coming up in an autumn evening, the woods smoke that our ancestors, tens of thousands of years ago, must have caught on the air when they were coming home with the results of the day's forage, when they were still nomads, and they were still roaming the forests and the plains of the continent of Europe.

数千年前，当我们祖先还作为游牧民的时候，徜徉的欧洲大陆的森林和草原中时，当他们带着一天收集而来的草料回家时，他们一定对这种轻烟的味道深有体会。

When you can scarcely distinguished the figures of the horses, as they take it home to the farm, and above all, most subtle, most penetrating and most moving, the smell of woods smoke, coming up in an autumn evening, the wood smoke that our ancestors tens of thousands of years ago must have caught on the air when they were coming home with the results of the day's forage, when they were still nomads, and were still roaming the forests and the plains of the continent of Europe.

然而最微妙莫测、沁人肺腑、动人心弦的还是秋日黄昏时分袅袅升起的柴烟的气味，是在几千年前，当我们祖先作为游牧民遨游在欧洲大陆的森林和原野的时候、当他们带着一天收获来的草料回家的时候，他们肯定都看到过木柴的青烟。

Based on the RFID technology's air materials management system management system, through the RFID technology, the computer information technology, the networking and so on many technologies, builds the air materials company unified information platform, can realize the Airline various Functional departments's information sharing, the service conformity; Through the RFID technology, the monitoring technology, the entrance guard technology, realize to the air materials warehouse personnel and the cargo digitized management, comes in and goes out the management including the personnel, the cargo leaves the warehousing management, the automatic audit treasury or ware house, the storehouse position automatic assignment, the visualization warehousing management, consumes the material fine refinement management, when the long-lived management, the application course track; Realizes reasonably to the air materials, scientific, the highly effective management function, and had guaranteed the air materials manages each link information acquisition the speed and the accuracy, guaranteed that the Airline grasps the air material inventory accurately promptly the real data, maintains with reasonably the control air material inventory situation.

基于RFID技术的航材管理系统，通过RFID技术、计算机信息技术、网络技术等多项技术，建立航材公司统一的信息平台，能够实现航空公司各职能部门的信息共享，业务整合；通过RFID技术、监控技术、门禁技术，实现对航材仓库人员及货物的数字化管理，包括人员出入管理，货物出入库管理、自动盘库、库位自动分配、可视化仓储管理、耗材精细化管理、时寿件管理、应用历程跟踪；实现对航材合理、科学、高效的管理功能，并且保证了航材管理各个环节信息采集的速度和准确性，确保航空公司及时准确地掌握航材库存的真实数据，合理保持和控制航材库存情况。

Between 1939 and 1945 it is estimated that more than two million people of non-German heritage volunteered to serve in the ranks of the German Armed Forces and the Armed-SS. The bulk of these volunteer forces came from Russia where more than one million served predominantly in the Wehrmacht. Opposed to the concept of communism and the oppression of Stalinist ideals, these people saw the advance of National Socialist Germany as a potential answer to their problems. Volunteer forces are often divided into those that came from Western Europe, the Baltic States, Russia and Central Asia. Equipped with standard German military uniforms, units were formed and integrated into the German Army, Air Force, and Navy. A large number also served in the Waffen-SS. Most units adopted sleeve insignia that identified their status as foreign volunteers. Some also utilized distinctive rank insignia that was patterned similar to that found within the Wehrmacht.

However， little information has been forthcoming on the helmets worn by these units and their members.u3co 6Ck [德意志军事社区 www.dyz3.com] 在1939-1945年间，估计有二百万的非德国人在德国的三军和党卫军中志愿服役，最为著名的是大多数将近一百万志愿来自于俄罗斯，反对共产主义和斯大林压迫的人员，这些人员认为德国国家社会主义的成功适应他们的理想，志愿兵常常分为为西欧、波罗的海、俄罗斯、亚洲，装备同德军一样的制服，在德军陆海空三军都有出现了相应的单位，在党卫军的服役的志愿兵数量被夸大了，许多单位采取袖标来识别其外国志愿兵的身份，一些也采取与众不同的类似德国国防军的军衔图案来标明身份，有一些文章关于德国志愿兵的书籍，但至少也有一些钢盔被外国志愿兵使用。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。