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This paper analyses and inherits from all these related areas and addresses the following contents: 1 On the aspect of CVGE Concept, this paper discusses the distinguished features of CVGE, including: Agreement on the final goal among all participants, ability of collaborative perception, interactivity with environments, immersible participation, visualization of collaboration process, multi-media communication channels and behavior intelligence.

论文在综述、借鉴前人研究成果的基础上，主要完成了以下内容： 1从概念层次上，提出了CVGE的特征，即用户总体目标的一致性、用户具有协同感知能力、人与虚拟环境的可交互性、可沉浸式参与、可视化的协同工作过程、多种交互交流方式、行为智能性等。

This paper focuses on Indica, effects of lactic acid bacteria fermentation of rice starch on physical properties wasstudied in this paper.

本文采用早籼稻为原料，利用乳酸菌发酵，研究发酵对大米淀粉物理化学性质的影响。

Corporate governance, together with management, technology and enterprise culture determine listed corporation competitive power, by way of mutual influence.This paper further studies each driving factor of listed corporation competitive power and sets up evaluation indicator system for listed corporation competitive power. Then, this paper chooses objective method of weighting based on coefficient of variability of indicant and subjective method of weighting based on AHP and adopts comprehensive index evaluation method to construct index model of listed corporation competitive power.

本文进一步对上市公司竞争力的每一个驱动因素进行了深入研究，建立了上市公司竞争力评价指标体系；然后，在详细梳理学者对企业竞争力进行评价的方法的基础上，确定了基于标志变异系数的客观权重法与基于AHP的主观权重法相(来源：A5dB2c2cC论文网www.abclunwen.com)结合的综合评价方法，利用综合指数法构建了上市公司竞争力指数模型。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

This paper points out the collaborative design oriented concurrent engineering includes two meanings.One is the design idea oriented concurrent engineering,the other is collaborative design based on web.2.This paper makes a general analysis of the context and research actuality of cooperative product commerce,and then points out that CPC is a kind of management idea and technical realization system based on cooperative product development,and it is a normalized method which comes out of the development ,change and introjection of external demand,management idea and IT tools in the aspects of cooperation,products and commerce.

同时指出面向并行工程的协同设计包括两方面的含义：面向并行工程的设计思想和基于网络的协同设计。2、论文对协同产品商务的产品背景、研究现状作了全面的分析，指出协同产品商务是基于协同进行产品开发的一种管理理念和技术实现体系，同时它也是客观需求、管理理念以及IT工具在协同、产品、商务三个方面不断发展、演变和相互渗透融合而出现的一种归一化方案。

The jib system of portal crane is considered to be elastomer in this paper. Besides, taking finite element as basic theory and mechanical dynamics as analysis method,the paper simulates the virtual luffing process of jib system and seeking the relationship between plane movement and dynamic pressure condition of jib system using ANSYS8.1. By analyzing ,the paper gives some advice on structure optimizing.

针对以上问题，本文以MQ2535门座起重机臂架系统为研究对象，将门座起重机整个臂架系统视为弹性体，以机械动力学和有限元为理论基础和分析手段，运用有限元软件ANSYS8.1模拟臂架系统的实际变幅过程，探寻物品在变幅过程中水平移动与臂架系统结构动态受力之间的关系；通过分析其受力情况，对其结构的优化提出了一些建议。

This paper, entitled with A Study On the Mortgage Right of Securitization System makes a research on the theory of mortgage securitization from aspect of law by means of induction, deduction, and demonstration etc. The paper consists of four chapters.

同时建立一套较完备的相关法律制度，确保抵押证券的流通性和安全性，以便充分发挥抵押权的债权保全功能与投资融资功能。

In the study of the performance of the song, the paper makes a review of the pronunciation of vowels and consonants in German, introduces some frequent problems in singing the song and proposes my own opinions on how to deal with them. In the exactness and rhythm of the divertimento, based on my experience of performance, I sum up what should be paid more attention to in the work, emphasizing the creative rhythm and the value of notes in each stanza. It also analyzes the syntax and breath, the control and performance of shade, the pace and tempo. From different perspectives, the importance of the emotion in the divertimento Frauenlieb und leben op.42 is exactly explained. There is a detailed explanation of the eight sections in the paper.

更多己的处理方法；在声乐套曲演唱中音准与节奏的分析方面，结合自己的演唱体会，总结出演唱这部作品时音准方面要注意的地方，突出了舒曼作品最具独创性的节奏，强调了音符在每小节中的价值；并从乐句与呼吸、音色的控制与表现、速度与力度等方面分析了本声乐套曲演唱的音色与力度；从多个方面阐述声乐套曲《妇女的爱情与生活》中情感的重要性，以及怎样把握、运用和表现作品的情感；着重对本套曲八首分曲的演唱处理进行了系统分析；通过听赏不同大师对此套曲的演唱版本，以期在声音的运用、乐句的划分、速度的安排、旋律的演唱、歌曲的处理方法等方面得到有益的借鉴，扩大我们的艺术视野，在演唱实践中给予启发和熏陶。

The main management's product has, the pure limewater paper request, Huang Jiangzhi the request, the mortar paper holds and so on different color the paper to hold the product.

主要经营的产品有，纯白浆纸托，黄浆纸托，灰浆纸托等不同颜色的纸托产品。

The paper gives a detailed introduction to the classification and mothed of image edge detection from the traditional point of view,that is,the robert operator based on the maximum gradient detection,the sobel operator,the prewitt operator,the canny orerator,the laplancan operator based on the detection of second derivative of the zero-crossing point and then log operator.The paper makes a summary and analysis to the principles and applications,advantages and disadvantages of each algorithms and operators. Especially the canny operator.

本文首先介绍了图像边缘检测在国内外的发展，图像边缘检测的重要性及意义，阐述了图像边缘检测的原理，从传统的角度详细介绍了的图像边缘检测的分类及方法，即基于检测梯度最大值的robert算子，sobel算子，prewitt算子，canny算子，基于检测二阶导数的零交叉点的laplacan算子及log算子，对各种算法和算子的原理及用法及优缺点做了总结和分析尤其是canny算子。

What would he tell Judith and the children?

他将怎样告诉朱迪丝和孩子们呢？

I this is at that time, the opinion with peacockish true girl is full of in a heart.

这就是当时的我，一个心中布满虚荣的女孩子真实的想法。