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The limited rationalism is the basis of Hayek's whole theory system. In this chapter, I discuss Hayekian subjectivism epistemology in detail. On the one hand, it is the reasonable to build rationalistic animadvert, on the other hand, it is obvious misleading. He thinks the socialism same to the Planned Economy in which basic problem exist all the way.

哈耶克的主观主义认识论在本章中得到了较详细地讨论；他对建构论理性主义的批判有合理的成分，但也有明显的误导；他将社会主义等同于计划经济的观点，自始便存在很大的问题；他所批判的社会主义是未被任何有影响的思想家所完整坚持过的理论空幻。

Under this solution, Plato justifies the possibility for soul of knowing the truth, and makes his way of truth possible. In this fighting, those with whom Plato fights are not those philosophers that are remarked by Aristotle in Metaphysics A 6.987a33-b10, but the philosopher of Elea, Parmenides. On the one hand, the key point of Plato's theory of Forms is coming from Parmenides' concept of Being, which is ungenerated and imperishable, yet on the other hand, the attempt for the possibility of saving the phenomena and for soul to know the truth is urging Plato to put Parmenides' claim to the question.

柏拉图在这当中所奋力搏斗的，主要并不是亚里士多德在《物理学以后诸篇》A 6.987a33-b10所提及的这些哲学家，而是历史上的这位伊利亚哲学家---巴曼尼德斯：柏拉图分离相论的核心来自巴曼尼德斯其毫无生灭变动的「完满的是」，然而，柏拉图拯救现象以及保全思考与知识的可能性的这个企图，却又是必须对巴曼尼德斯的「完满的是」提出批判。

The inflicter can only receives the penalty in the criminal law and the administrative law domain, but victim while the body and the spirit receive the violation, but must endure social and the family pressure, the withstanding pain refers to the card inflicter's delinquent account in every way, on the one hand "the public law" the domain "the spirit loses" does not give the compensation; On the other hand "the civil law" domain not concrete method may depend on.

加害者只能在刑法和行政法领域受到惩罚，而受害者在身体和精神受到侵害的同时，还要忍着社会和家庭的压力，承受多方痛苦来指证加害者的犯罪事实，一方面"公法"领域"精神损失"不予赔偿；另一方面"私法"领域无具体法可依。

Ancient times the Babylon civilization located the environment belonged to the subtropics desert climate, but benefitted from two rivers, young sent pulls the bottom river and the Tigris River mother's gracious gift, was having the exceptionally broad impact plain, but by was in the arid few rain in the middle of the desert climate, on the one hand thus created the local wooded area to be very few, on the other hand was the great plains which so stretched to the horizon smoothly like baffles, from this has become the sierra absolute forbidden area, from this occupied the plain center region people, even if wanted to use the firm stone material, also could because was far away, either was gives way before difficulties looks Shi Xing to sigh, either was after pays the extremely soaring price, shipped in by farSeveral stones only can use in actually carving the magnificent precious tombstone, even was in some plain person all not once has seen the mountain appearance for a lifetime, in brief took root in two river basin Cuban Billen civilization, finally is framed was the soil texture civilization, they created the cuneiform character, all could not but engrave above the thin clay tablet, was recording the exceptionally precious history, obviously in the different region humanity, all was influences subtly sparely no effort regarding the side each kind of environment resources use.

古代巴比伦文明所处的环境属于亚热带沙漠气候，但得益于两条河流，幼发拉底河与底格里斯河母亲般的恩赐，拥有着异常广阔的冲击平原，但由处于干旱少雨的沙漠气候当中，从而造成一方面当地森林面积很少，另一方面就是如此一望无垠平坦如砥的大平原，由此成了山脉的绝对禁区，由此处在平原中心区域的人们，即使想使用坚固的石头材料，也会因为路途遥远，要么是知难而退望石兴叹了，要么是在付出极为高昂的代价后，远远运来几块石头却只能用于雕刻华丽珍贵的墓碑，甚至是有些平原中的人一辈子都不曾见过大山的模样，总之植根于两河流域的古巴比伦文明，最终被定格为土质文明，就连他们所创造的楔形文字，都不得不刻印在薄泥板之上，来记载着异常珍贵的历史，可见不同区域内的人类，对于身边各种环境资源的利用都是潜移默化不遗余力的。

To make the research production used widely, standard land price database and graph database building has been accomplished by taking advantage of advanced network techniques combined with GIS techniques. In the same time, a public platform has been constructed to realize share of data on Internet and two-way communication between management department and the public. One hand, the public can get price information through the platform, On the other hand, management department acquire the public's feedback information about the land price application as reference warranty for adjustation of standard land price.

为了使基准地价成果得到更广泛的应用，本文利用WebGIS技术，建立基准地价信息库、图形库，实现上述数据在Internet上的共享，搭建了一个公共交流的平台，实现基准地价管理部门与公众的双向交流，一方面公众可以通过该平台获取地价信息，另一方面管理部门获取公众对基准地价应用的反馈信息，为基准地价的调整提供参考依据。

The enterprise bureaucracy's formation is the enterprise organizes to manage the shape development the inevitable product, it has is advantageous to enterprise development one side, but when faces the competition day by day intense market environment, the bureaucracy malpractice on the appearance comes out, the article utilizes Coss's enterprise nature theory, proposed the modern bureaucracy optimized way.

企业科层制度的创新发展，新经济学论文，经济学论文科层制度的形成是企业组织管理形态的必然产物，其有有利于企业发展的一面，但在面对竞争日益激烈的市场环境时，科层制度的弊端就显现出来，文章运用科斯的企业性质理论，提出了科层制度的优化途径。

The enterprise bureaucracy's formation is the enterprise organizes to manage the shape development the inevitable product, it has is advantageous to enterprise development one side, but when faces the competition day by day intense market environment, the bureaucracy malpractice on the appearance comes out, the article utilizes Coss's enterprise nature theory, proposed the modern bureaucracy optimized way.

企业科层制度的形成是企业组织管理形态发展的必然产物，其有有利于企业发展的一面，但在面对竞争日益激烈的市场环境时，科层制度的弊端就显现出来，文章运用科斯的企业性质理论，提出了现代科层制度的优化途径。

S benefits. the author?s research is founded upon basic theories while laying stress on the understanding of laws because, for one who is engaged in legal practice, to understand the existent laws is more important than to criticize them. any way, a law is a thing that medicates justice and benefit.

笔者的研究不脱离理论，但更注重对法律的理解，因为法律实务工作者不同于法学评论之处在于，对现有法律的理解比批评法律缺点更重要，不希望把对法律的批评写入法律条文之中，法律本来就是正义和利益的调合产物。

The way of Lo Kuang's transcendence, showing the Neo-scholastic effort to integrate Confucianism and Scholasticism, is one typical view of transcendence in modern Chinese philosophy. This way of thinking, together with Neo-Confucianism and sinologist abroad, forms the whole sight of modern Chinese philosophy on traditional Confucian transcendence problem.

应当说，罗光所展现出的新士林哲学结合中国文化与基督信仰求索超越之路的倾向，确实是一种典型的、值得关注的主张，这一路向与倡导中国文化「内在超越」论的现代新儒家、反对以西方哲学的超越精神诠释中国文化的安乐哲等海外汉学家，以及大陆一些关注相关问题的学者一起，共同形成了现代中国哲学对於儒家超越问题的整体观照。

In about a century' s time, their livelihood of swidden agriculture has been changing greatly along with the natural and social environment change. Before 1950s, as a minor group frequently move in the subtropical mountainous area characterized by scarce arable land, high forest coverage rate and sparse population, Kemu people has long been engaged in swidden agriculture which was simple, called for no sophisticated production tools and was suitable for frequent movement. At that time, they adapted to the environment change mainly by moving frequently from one place to another, and their livelihood was featured by complete dependence on environment, frequent movement and swiddening without continuous cultivation. From 1950s to early 1970s, their way of adaptation changed into migration within defined territory and shortterm fallow featured by complete dependence on environment, migration within limited area and short fallow. In early 1970s, they leaned from outside to cultivate irrigated fields and plant cash forest and their livelihood was featured by complete dependence on environment and agro-forestry.

近一个世纪以来，随着其所处自然环境和社会环境的变迁，其刀耕火种的生计方式在不断地变化：20世纪50年代以前，作为频繁迁徙于山多地少、森林覆盖率高、人烟稀少的热带、亚热带山区的弱小族群，以开发容易，便于流动作业不需要复杂生产设施的刀耕火种为其传统的生计方式，主要以迁徙的方式对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为完全依赖型、随意迁徙型、无轮作型；20世纪50年代至70年代，其主要以固定区域内迁徙和短期轮作的方式对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为完全依赖型、在固定区域迁徙型、短期轮作型刀耕火种；20世纪70年代初，其主要以外文化——开拓水田及人工造林的方式对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为部分依赖型、粮林轮作型刀耕火种；20世纪80年代以后，其主要以发展橡胶种植业对环境变迁进行调适，其刀耕火种生计方式的特征表现为暂时依赖型刀耕火种。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。