查询词典 on land

Based on this and considering: land use has contacts with soil nutrient; the development of ecology and agrology has already formed the inter-dynamic relation in the last few years, the author sprouted a new idea that the study on land use is carried out in another way. That is to say, land use patterns are designed combining land use modes, soil nutrient with other respects and according as landscape ecology in order to land sustainable use.

在此基础之上，并鉴于以下两点：土地利用与土壤养分有着密切的联系；近些年来，生态学和土壤学的发展已经形成了互动的关系，笔者提出一条新的思路：换个角度入手来合理配置土地利用，即将土地利用方式、土壤养分和其它方面结合起来，依据景观生态学原理，通过土地生态设计来寻求土地利用优化模式，保证土地利用的可持续性。

The Farming-pastoral Zone in North China was separated into 8 Eco-regions according to the known Eco-region. The dissertation analyzed the regional differences of land use changes from three aspects on dynamic degree , land use degree and the change direction (1)On land use dynamic degree, the dynamic degree of the cropland was the highest in North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest and the lowest in temperate forest steppe; forest land's was the highest in alpine meadow and the lowest in warm temperate forest steppe; grassland's was the highest in temperate forest steppe-bunchgrass steppe and the lowest in alpine meadow; other land's was the highest in North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest－the Huang-Huai-hai plain and the lowest in warm temperate bunchgrass steppe.

结合已有的自然生态区的划分，将我国北方农牧交错带划分为8 个自然生态区，选取土地利用动态度、土地利用程度以及土地利用变化方向等3 个方面的指标对研究区进行了区域分异规律的研究，结果如下：（1）耕地动态度北暖温带落叶阔叶林生态区——北部山地丘陵区最大，温带森林草原生态区最小；林地的动态度高寒草甸生态区最大，暖温带森林草原丛生禾草草原生态区——东南森林草原区最小；草地动态度温带森林草原——丛生禾草草原生态区最大，高寒草甸生态区最小；其他用地的动态度北暖温带落叶阔叶林生态区——黄淮海平原区最大，暖温带森林草原丛生禾草草原生态区—西北丛生禾草草原区最小。

Supported by the ESCAP pilot project on integrated land and water resources management in arid areas using remote sensing and GIS (ESCAP 5-4-401), the land and water resources optimization model was developed and an integrated land and water resources management system based on remote sensing and GIS was designed and developed in this paper.

本文结合联合国亚太经社理事会示范项目"利用遥感与GIS技术进行干旱区水土资源综合管理"（Pilot project on integrated land and water resources management in arid areas using remote sensing and GIS，ESCAP 5-4-401），针对我国广大的干旱半干旱区水土资源综合管理的实际需要，详细讨论了基于遥感与GIS的干旱半干旱地区水土资源综合管理系统的设计思想、目标、结构与功能及系统开发中的关键技术。

Freezing soil is a natural phenomina in cold and mountain areas, which has great impact on the regional climate, water cycle, and water balance. The land surface process in the condition of soil freezing and thawing is one of the most important process in the area. This paper firstly reviews the present study on land surface process in the condition of soil freezing and thawing, especially the development after the the hydrological land surface model introduced into the study of General Circulation Model, then introduces the undergoing international research project, such as Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes and Cold Land Process Field Experiment by NASA, and finally analyses and puts forward the future research field and topics.

冻土是全球中高纬地区和高山地带普遍存在的自然现象，它对全球以及区域性气候、水循环、水平衡等都有着巨大的影响，土壤冻融条件下的陆面过程正是这种影响的重要环节，介绍了土壤冻融条件下陆面过程的研究现状，特别是在大气环流模型中引入水文陆面模型以来陆面过程研究的迅猛发展，对现在国际上正在进行的考虑冻土的陆面过程研究项目，如陆面过程参数化比较计划的第二阶段第五期PILPS (2E)以及美国NASA的寒区陆面过程实地试验计划也进行了介绍，并在此基础上对土壤冻融条件下陆面过程的发展趋势进行了分析。

On the basis of a great deal of information, several general problem on land sarface process parametrization for a global circulation model and its history of development are described. The Bucket model, EARTH, ISBA and SiSPAT models are respectively expounded, and the situation of studies on land surface process parametrization is summarized. China is a participating country of the international geosphere-biosphere program and the study on circulation of global energy and moisture, and has put forward some valuable soil-vegetation-atmosphere models for land surface process parametrization. which results in effective studies on vegetation indexes.

在大量资料基础上，叙述了大气环流模式陆面过程参数化方案的一般问题及其发展历程，分别阐述了水桶模式、EARTH模式、ISBA模式和SiSPAT模式；总结了在陆面过程参数化方面的研究状况，我国参与了国际地圈生物圈计划和全球能量与水分循环的研究，特别是在陆面过程的参数化研究方面，提出了一些有价值的土壤—植物—大气模式，对植被指数进行了有成效的研究。

With the case study on Wanzhou in the three-gorges reservoir area, it had been studied and analyzed that the potentialities of exploitation and use on land and ecological safety by established land use database, and it had been revealed that serious loss of water and erosion of soil, ecological environment fragility, the water conservancy project submergence a large amount of land, arrannements of the numerous immigrations need a large amount of land, contradictory remarkableness among human and land, and the latent crisis by extensive management land were main crises and questions of the land use.

利用建立的土地利用现状数据库，以三峡库区最大淹没区万州为研究对象，对库区土地开发利用潜力及生态安全性进行了分析和研究。揭示了库区土地资源利用中存在的主要危机是水土流失严重、生态环境脆弱，三峡工程淹没土地多、移民迁建占地比重大、人地矛盾加剧及粗放经营土地带来的安全隐患等问题。

By analyzing the cultivated land data from different sources in different phases after 1949,the paper considers the statistics with more errors happens during 1960-1985.According to the systematic data on land use gathered in the 1996 survey,based on reverse deduction of the cultivated land area from 1986 to 1996,and deduction of the cultivated land area from 1960 to 1985 by stages by employing yield of grain,this paper redescribed the actual changing trend and character of Chinese cultivated land and analyzed the driving force of the policy relative to cultivated land to cultivated land area change.

针对该问题，论文对1949～2003年不同时期不同来源的耕地数据系列进行分析，认为统计数据存在问题较多的时期为1960～1985年，并采用粮食产量对耕地面积进行了分时期的反演，对于1986～1996年间的耕地数量则按照全国土地利用详查统一到1996年的结果再进行反推，由此重新刻画建国以来中国耕地资源数量变化的趋势和特征，并结合不同时段耕地相关政策对耕地数量变化的驱动作用进行分析。

By analyzing the cultivated land data from different sources in different phases after 1949,the paper considers the statistics with more errors happens during 1960-1985.According to the systematic data on land use gathered in the 1996 survey,based on reverse deduction of the cultivated land area from 1986 to 1996,and deduction of the cultivated land area from 1960 to 1985 by stages by employing yield of grain,this paper redescribed the actual changing trend and character of Chinese cultivated land and analyzed the driving force of the policy relative to cultivated land to cultivated land area change.

针对该难题，论文对1949～2003年不同时期不同来源的耕地数据系列进行分析，认为统计数据存在问题较多的时期为1960～1985年，并采用粮食产量对耕地面积进行le分时期的反演，对于1986～1996年间的耕地数量则按照全国土地利用详查统一到1996年的结果再进行反推，由此重新刻画建国以来中国耕地资源数量变化的趋势和特征，并结合不同时段耕地相关政策对耕地数量变化的驱动作用进行分析。

According to the systematic data on land use gathered in the 1996 survey,based on reverse deduction of the cultivated land area from 1986 to 1996,and deduction of the cultivated land area from 1960 to 1985 by stages by employing yield of grain,this paper redescribed the actual changing trend and character of Chinese cultivated land and analyzed the driving force of the policy relative to cultivated land to cult

结果表明，1949年以来中国耕地资源数量呈现波动性变化，但在1979年之前总体上是增加的，自20世纪80年代起呈现缓慢下滑，1999年后由于生态退耕等原因引起耕地数量迅速减少，由此导致的中国粮食安全问题与耕地安全问题值得关注。

According to the models of land use dynamic change, the research on the dynamic change on land use quantity, space structure and land use degree were carried during 1989 and 2001. The results of the research indicated that the area of cultivated land and saline land increased, and the area of meadow, water areas and wetland reduced within 12 years; The variety ratio of cultivated land, meadow, water areas and saline land changed relatively great; and variety ratio of forestland, land used for resident, industrial and mining changed more steady; The land use degree presented a reducible tendency.

研究结果表明，吉林西部在12年内耕地和盐碱地面积增加，草地、水域和湿地面积减少；总体上，耕地、草地、水域和盐碱地的土地利用变化率较大，林地、居民、工矿用地和湿地变化较平稳； 12年间土地利用程度呈减小趋势，全区十个县市中只有白城和扶余的土地利用处于发展期，土地生态环境相对较好，而其他地区由于土地生态环境呈现不同程度的恶化，导致可开发利用的土地资源逐年较少，土地利用潜力小。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。