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The stability of system equilibrium point and the existence condition of 3-D Hopf bifurcation as well as the stability of hence generated periodic solution were analyzed, so that the existence of limit cycles on the two-dimensional stable manifold of one microbial species and its nutrition was verified when other one had the disadvantage in the competition so as to become extinct.

研究当营养消耗率δ1＝δ1为一般的非减连续函数和δ2＝常数的三维Chemostat模型，分析系统平衡点的稳定性，三维系统经历Hopf分支的条件和由此产生的周期解的德定性，证明系统中某一微生物物种处于竞争劣势而趋于灭绝时另一微生物物种和营养的二维稳定流形上极限环的存在性。

The stability of system equilibrium point and the existence condition of 3-D Hopf bifurcation as well as the stability of hence generated periodic solution were analyzed,so that the existence of limit cycles on the two-dimensional stable manifold of one microbial species and its nutrition was verified when other one had the disadvantage in the competiti.

研究当营养消耗率1δ=1δ为一般的非减连续函数和2δ=常数的三维Chemostat模型，分析系统平衡点的稳定性，三维系统经历Hopf分支的条件和由此产生的周期解的稳定性，证明系统中某一微生物物种处于竞争劣势而趋于灭绝时另一微生物物种和营养的二维稳定流形上极限环的存在性。

Based on NCEP and other observational datasets, a severe heavy rainfall process occurred in the south of china during June 18-19,1998 was investigated. The first diagnostic analyses show that the strong rainfall are produced by vortex, shear line and upper and lower jets, stationary front. The condition of high energy, saturation, potential instability is propitious to the form and maintenance of this rainfall.

采用NCEP全球谱模式和常规观测资料对98年6月18～19日华南暴雨的影响系统及其可能机制进行了初步诊断分析，发现这次强降水过程是受低槽、低涡、切变线、高、低空急流和地面静止锋共同影响造成的，该地区维持高能、饱和、潜在不稳定的环境，有利于暴雨的产生。

Changes on the shape of the statolith were observed among different incubated conditions. The shape of the statolith at hatching had obvious differences among different embryonic developmental conditions. The statolith developed in the colder environment had smaller dorsal dome, thinner and shorter rostrum than that developed in the warmer condition.

不同条件下培养的幼体在其平衡石的型态上有所差异，其型态上的变化随著培养的条件而有显著的改变，在较冷的条件下培养的个体拥有较短小的钝端比例之平衡石，而在较高温条件下培养的个体则是拥有较长比例钝端的平衡石。

The inventory cost is a primary component of the supply chain cost, and the method for multi-echelon inventory optimization and control must be adopted for the sake of the entire supply chain optimization and control, t present, papers on multi-echelon inventory systems have solved some problems, but they still have limitations. Firstly, they assumed that leadtime are constants. In practice, as the unknowable incidents exist in production, transportation and distribution processes, leadtime usually are uncertain. Secondly, there exist the hypotheses of totally back orders or completely lost sales under the condition of stockout in most literatures. Thirdly, the existing two-echelon inventory approximate model optimum always fixes one variable in the inventory strategy, and then seeks the optimal in the remained parameters, which makes the result can not be the best outcome.

目前有关两级库存优化控制的研究文献大多是假设提前期为常数的基础上建立模型，然而现实中由于供应链上各节点的库存不确定性以及运输、生产、交货等环节的不可预知性，使得提前期在多数情况下是不确定的；而且大部分文献都是假设缺货情况下要么完全延迟交货，要么完全损失销售，很少有考虑部分损失销售情况下库存优化控制的；另外，现有的两级库存近似模型的优化大都是固定一个库存策略中的变量，对余下变量寻优，其优化结果不可能是最优结果。

Draw the effective composition of the red red-spotted stonecrop through drawing the law in ultrasonic wave at first, learn through the experiment that drawing time , density , firm liquid in supersound will have remarkable influence than on the drawing rate of supersound; 60% ethanol solution of solution, than remarkable ultrasonic reciprocation of time firm liquid have; The best experiment condition is: Solvent solution, firm liquid than for 1:10, draw 45min for 60% ethanol..

首先通过超声波提取法，来提取红景天的有效成分，通过实验得知超声提取时间、浓度、固液比对超声提取率均有显著的影响；溶液中的60%乙醇溶液，固液比及超声时间的交互作用显著；最佳实验条件为：溶剂为60%乙醇溶液、固液比为1：10、提取45min。。

A review of river management history in various countries is used in this thesis to discuss the future development trends of river management and the relationship between river health and river management.Based on the characterization and assessment of river health, Five components of stream condition are presented in this thesis to characterize river health: water quality, aquatic life, physical form, hydrology and streamside zone. It is obtained by comparing the methods and criteria that have been developed by others and reviewing the river assessment practices in various countries. Accounting for the features of urbanization region in plain river network, an indicator system for river health assessment which provides scores for 5 subindices and 17 indicators is established. With almost 200 stream reaches in Shanghai as objective of study and Liwa stream and Zhangjiabang Creek as case study, the application of river health assessment in the planning, baseline survey and post-project appraisal of river management is explored by collecting historical literature and field monitoring. Consequently, some suggestions to improve river management effectiveness are presented from the angle of river health.

本文回顾河流管理漫长历程并指出当前国际发展趋势，进而辨析河流健康状况与河流管理的关系；以河流健康状况的表征和评价为核心，通过对国外RIVPACS、AUSRIVAS、IBI、RCE、ISC等河流健康状况评价方法的分析和比较，以及对美国、英国、澳大利亚、南非等国家河流健康状况评价实践的总结，尝试从理化参数、生物指标、形态结构、水文特征、河岸带状况5个方面全面表征河流健康状况；结合中国东部平原河网地区自身特点，通过评价原则、评价指标、评价标准、评价权重确定等步骤，初步构建了包含河流水文、河流形态、河岸带状况、河流水质以及河流生物5个一级指标(共17个指标)的河流健康状况评价指标体系；在此基础上，采用资料收集与现场实测相结合的方法，以上海近200条中心河道为研究对象，以丽娃河和张家浜为典型案例，分别就河流健康状况在河流管理规划、现状评估以及后评估中的应用进行实证研究，并尝试探讨如何从这三个阶段利用河流健康状况评估改进河流管理的对策。

Based on refrence,the relationship between convexity and strict convexity of fuzzy mapping is discussed and the result that convex fuzzy mapping is the sufficient condition for strictly convex fuzzy mapping is obtained.

在已有文献的基础上，讨论了模糊映射的凸性和严格凸性之间的关系，得到了凸模糊映射为严格凸模糊映射的充分条件。

Based on the ecological characteristics, climate and humidity condition for the vegetation of the sporopollen from the both of the wells, the palaeovegetation types have been reconstructed. The result shows that the paleoclimate changes from tropical semiarid-subhumid climate to subhumid mid subtropical climate to subhumid south subtropical climate.

通过对两口钻井的孢粉植被类型、气温带和干湿度类型及孢粉谱的进一步分析，可将泉头组-青山口组沉积期的气候变化划分为三个演化阶段，自下向上依次为半干半湿的热带气候——半湿润的中亚热带气候——半湿润的南亚热带气候。

From this we see how clearly Smith in general perceived that the condition of nations is principally dependent on the sum of their productive powers.

由此可见，斯密对于国家状况主要决定于生产力的总和这一点，看得何等清楚。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。