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Calculations on the basis of the self-consistent approximation are used to study the effects of slit cracks, elliptical cracks and penny-shaped cracks. The influence of slit cracks on the elastic moduli under all kinds of loading conditions is discussed by Betti's reciprocal theorem and Irwin's relation describing the released energy rate of fracture to the stress intensity factors. The friction between the cracks' surfaces is taken into account for the closed cracks.

采用自恰方法研究了狭长型，椭圆型及硬币型裂纹在荷载作用下对弹性常数的影响；采用Betti的互易定理以及lrwin关于断裂能量释放率与应力强度因子的关系，分析了狭长型裂纹在各种应力状态下对弹性常数的影响；分析研究了裂纹闭合时，由于裂纹面上摩擦力的存在，闭合裂纹时弹性常数的影响。

Units in charge of collecting fees and imposing fines shall, firmly based on approved charging projects, items of money from fines and confiscations and procedure of handling, hand over administrative charges and incomes from fines and confiscations, in full and on time, respectively to the state treasure and the special account for non-budgetary financial funds, ensuring full sums of money in place.

各执收、执罚单位要严格按照批准的收费项目、罚没款项和上缴渠道，将收取的行政性收费和罚没收入按规定及时、足额分别缴入国库和财政预算外资金专户，做到应缴尽缴。

The Company will carry out reconciliations of records and Segregated Funds with the records and accounts of the money the Company holds in Segregated Accounts on a daily basis, and any required transfer to or from the Segregated Account will take place by the close of business on the day that the reconciliation is performed.

公司将通过日常基础的公司持有分离账户的记录和款项进行记录及有记录的分离账户的和解，而且任何要求的分离账户的转入或转出会在行使和解当天收盘之前进行。

When the Arabs, who had been used to living sparingly on a few dates , acquired the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire and dwelt in palaces of almost unbelievable luxury , they did not, on that account , become inactive.

当习惯于吃几个枣充饥的阿拉伯人获得东罗马帝国的财富，居住在几乎令人难以置信的豪华宫殿中时，他们并未因此就闲居不动了。

Human beings, for the most not part are not like this. When the Arabs, who had been used to living sparingly on a few dates acquired the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire and dwelt in palaces of almost unbelievable luxury, they did not, on that account, become inactive.

习惯于吃几个枣充饥的阿拉伯人没有因为获得了东罗马帝国的财富，稍一点头，希腊奴隶就会为他们端上最精美的食物，然而是其他欲望使他们行动起来，尤其是以下四种。

When the Arabs, who had been used to living sparingly on a few dates, acquired the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire and dwelt in palaces of almost unbelievable luxury, they did not, on that account, become inactive.

当惯于靠吃几个椰枣节俭为生的阿拉伯人获得东罗马帝国的财富，居住在几乎令人难以置信的豪华宫殿中时，他们并未因此就闲居不动了。

When the Arabs, who had been used to living sparingly on a few dates , acquired the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire and dwelt in palaces of almost unbelievable luxury , they did not, on that account , become inactive.

阿拉伯人曾习惯于靠吃几个枣子节俭度日，当他们获得东罗马帝国的财富，居住在几乎令人难以置信的豪华宫殿中时，他们并未因此就闲居不动了。

The view of "gradualism" ignores the cost of capital control, especially under the circumstance of postponing capital account liberalization s.d., in which the cost of capital control keeps on rising and the efficiency of capital control keeps on declining.

综合以上分析，笔者认为，渐进观点忽视了资本管制成本，尤其是忽视了在将资本项目对外开放进程无限期地延迟的情况下，随之而来的是管制成本的不断增加和管制效率的相应丧失。

He was also to be feared on this account, that, having Germany at the left and in front of his settlements, Pannonia on the right, and Noricum in the rear of them, he was dreaded by all as one who might at any moment descend upon all.

他使所有上述地区都受到威胁，因他可以同时对多个地区发动突然袭击。

He was also to be feared on this account, that, having Germany at the left and in front of his settlements, Pannonia on the right, and Noricum in the rear of them, he was dreaded by all as one who might at any moment descend upon all.

他也由于下列原因而引人惧怕：日耳曼尼亚位于其左侧和前方，潘诺尼亚位于其右手，诺里库姆位于其后，【马尔波德的王国位于今波希米亚地区，因此作者所谓的&左手&其实是指西方，前方是指北面，后面是指南侧，右手是指东向，而潘诺尼亚其实是在波希米亚的东南侧。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。