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For the urban planning and as an urban planner, it is so important to take it into account that urban complexity has made a deep impact on our urban development, after introspecting on the traditional way of the urban planning and reviewing the implementation of our urban plan.

对于城市规划工作和城市规划者而言，在经历了对传统规划方法的反思和对传统城市规划实施效果的回顾之后，对城市的复杂性给予充分的认识和重视，在当今显得尤为重要和迫切。

The paper summarizes theories and practices concerning data mining at the beginning. According to actual conditions of data forecasting, the paper particularizes two basic tasks in data mining, namely, exploring data analysis and forecasting modeling for classification, and employs them in load forecasting practically. Then a special short-term load-forecasting arithmetic is forwarded based on the former work, which can efficiently take into account weather effects on the load, and hence improve the accuracy of load forecasting.

本文概述了数据挖掘技术的有关内容；并针对负荷预测的实际情况，详细介绍了数据挖掘中的两个基本任务：探索性数据分析和用于分类的预测建模，并将其运用于负荷预测之中；根据所得结果提出了一种基于数据挖掘的短期负荷预测算法，该算法能够有效的考虑气象因素对负荷的影响，从而提高了负荷预测的精度。

Among the policies we have written and retained entirely for our own account are (1)$578 million of property coverage for a South American refinery once a loss there exceeds $1 billion;(2)$1 billion of non-cancelable third-party liability coverage for losses arising from acts of terrorism at several large international airlines;(3)￡500 million of property coverage on a large North Sea oil platform, covering losses from terrorism and sabotage, above ￡600 million that the insured retained or reinsured elsewhere; and (4) significant coverage on the Sears Tower, including losses caused by terrorism, above a $500 million threshold.

自从 911 事件发生之后，Ajit 就变得异常忙碌，在我们承接且全部自留在公司帐上的保单，主要有(1)南美洲炼油厂损失超过 10 亿美元以上的 5.78 亿美元意外险(2)数家国际航空公司 10 亿美元恐怖份子攻击事件不得撤销第三责任险(3)北海原油平台 5 亿英镑恐怖份子攻击及恶意破坏的产物意外险，以及超过 6 亿英镑以上业者自留或再保损失(4)芝加哥 Sears 大楼恐怖份子攻击事件超过 5 亿美元以上的损失等；此外我们也接了许多项超大型的意外险，例如世界杯足球赛以及 2002 年冬季奥运等，但不论是那一件个案，我们都尽量避免会发生连锁反应大量累积损失的保单，比如说，我们不会一口气接下位于同一个大都会的办公及住宅大楼大量的意外险，除非排除核子爆炸及后续可能引发的火灾损失。

Based on present researches,by means of modern measurement and analysis techniques,systemic laboratory experiments,field investigations and through theory researches were conducted.And following are the major points and achievements presented in this dissertation:①The micro-convexity on fracture plane was studied.Analyzing and comparing the static attribute and dynamic variation of natural fracture with the artificial,untreated fracture,artificial and scabbled fracture as well,making out the criteria that artificial and scabbled fracture simulate natural fracture.②We take the effect of all the three primary stresses and stress invariant into account in the Lade-dbl yield criterion,which can preferably reflect all the yield and destruction characteristic of the rock material.

结合裂缝性储层应力敏感性研究现状，利用现代化测试手段，通过系列的室内实验以及深入的理论探讨，本文取得的研究成果包括以下几个方面：①从裂缝面上的微凸体入手，分析和对比了天然裂缝、人工但未经过处理的裂缝，以及经过粗化处理以后的人工裂缝的静态特征和动态变化，指出了经过粗化处理以后的人工裂缝模拟天然裂缝的依据；②Lade双曲服面屈服准则考虑了所有三个主应力或应力不变量对屈服与破坏的影响，能够较好的反应岩石材料的所有屈服和破坏特性。

The first step,this thesis evaluates the whole risk level of the port investment project. On the risk analysis,this thesis sets an index system for evaluation. The system comprehensively reflects risks on port investment projects. It has taken all the risks, through the construction to the running process of port investment projects into account,and numbers the index by experts investigation,then valuates the whole risk level of the project by fuzzy mathematics methods which is comprehensive, clear, effective and clean.

进行风险识别，建立起一套适合港口建设项目风险评价的指标体系，这套体系比较全面地反映了港口建设项目的主要风险；然后采取专家调查法对各因素权重赋值，并通过专家评审委员会对某一具体港口建设项目实例中各因素的风险程度进行判断，采用模糊综合评判法对该项目整体的风险程度进行评估，把定性与定量相结合，全面、清晰、有效、简洁评判港口投资风险。

Based on the literature review, this paper analyzes and investigates the development and status of digital image processing techniques in quantitative analysis and associated numerical simulation of the geomaterials. It includes quantitative analysis of particle shapes, quantitative analysis of internal structures of soil, rock, asphalt concretes and cement concrete, quantitative analysis of macro-structures of rock mass in the ground, and numerical modeling and simulation of geomaterials by taking into account their actual internal structures, Based on the review results, the paper discusses the development history and future trend of the utilization of the digital images and associated techniques in soil and rock.

本文在研究相关文献的基础上，分析和研究了数字图像技术在土、岩及混凝土内部结构定量分析和力学数值计算中的发展过程和研究成果，内容包括：单个骨料颗粒形态特征定量分析；土、岩和混凝土内部结构定量分析；岩体结构定量分析中的应用；基于数字图像处理的土、岩和混凝土细观结构力学计算。

In an FMS, different kinds of resources have affect on the system control on their own account.

在FMS等自动制造系统中，不同资源对FMS控制行为的影响不同。

On the basis of foreign research achievements, two kinds of domestic cold-formed steel sections are used as the parent materials to design Rosette-joints. Different styles of joint and various influencing factors (including form of hole, aperture, and the edge distance from the center of joint to the edge of the sheet) are taken into account, and four series of test specimens are schemed out. A series of axial-tension tests on all test specimens are carried out to investigate the shear strength of every rosette-joints.

本文结合国外的研究成果，采用我国常用的两种较大尺寸的冷成型钢型材作为母材来设计插座式连接，考虑了节点的不同形式以及影响节点承载力的各种因素(包括孔形、孔径、端距等)，设计出四组不同形式的节点试件，并对各组试件进行轴向拉伸试验来考察各种类型插座式节点的抗剪承载性能。

Based on the experience of compiling the program, the paper discussed some topics which should been taken note of while compiling a plane member structure FEM program that took the geometric nonlinearity into account as well as the material nonlinearity. With this program, the paper analyzed the effect of the factors on the anti-bending capability of externally prestressed concrete beams and come into some useful conclusions. The factors included: the rate of ordinary steel bars, the initial prestress of the external tendons, the shape of the external tendons, the position and number of deviators and the number of segments.

结合编程实践，本文讨论了编写考虑几何非线性和材料非线性的平面杆系有限元程序应该注意的一些问题，并应用所编的程序，对体外预应力混凝土梁的抗弯性能进行了普通钢筋配筋率、体外索的初始张拉力、体外索的配筋形式、转向块的布置和节段的数目等五个影响因素的分析，得出了一些有益的结论。

Anticipated Freight if the Vessel sails in ballast and not under Charter A sum not exceeding the anticipated gross freight on next cargo passage, such sum to be reasonably estimated on the basis of the current rate of freight at time of insurance plus the charges of insurance Any sum insured under 2012 to be taken into account and only the excess thereof may be insured

船舶空载航行且未出租时的预期运费：其金额不得超过基于投保时运费率合理估算的下次载货航程的预计总运费，加上保险费。根据第2012 项投保的金额应予考虑，仅其超额部分可以保险。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。