查询词典 oil

According to the development characteristics of regional caprocks,great efforts have been made to analyse the effect of it on oil and gas accumulation and preservation in different aspects. We consider regional caprocks to be the good barriers to prevent oil and gas in free phase from escaping. If uncompacted and possessing abnormal pore fluid pressure,regional caprocks are the barriers to prevent oil and gas in water dissolving phase from escaping.

根据区域性盖层的发育特征，从不同侧面对其在油气聚集与保存中所起的作用进行了深入分析，认为区域性盖层通常是阻止游离相油气逸散的良好区域物性屏障；如果其欠压实，具异常孔隙流体压力，它还可以成为阻止水溶相油气逸散的区域压力屏障；如果其再具生烃能力，还可以成为阻止扩散相天然气逸散的区域浓度屏障。

According to these mentioned above, it can be concluded that there are 4 types of accumulation model in west slope region, that is, sandstone up-dip trap, structure and structure—lithology trap, fault—lithology trap, sandstone lenticular body trap, and that oil-gas accumulation and distribution are mainly controlled by some factors that is trap growth, relationship of between trap and space orientation of oil-gas migration pathway, connection area of centripetal flow and centrifugal flow, oil-gas preservation condition and unconformability.

在上述基础上，总结出西斜坡区运聚成藏模式主要有砂岩上倾尖灭圈闭油气运聚成藏模式、构造及构造-岩性圈闭油气运聚成藏模式、断层-岩性圈闭油气运聚成藏模式、砂岩透镜体圈闭油气运聚成藏模式4 种模式。在上述基础上，总结出油气成藏与分布主要受圈闭发育、圈闭与油气运移路径空间位置关系、向心流与离心流交汇区、油气保存条件和不整合因素的控制。

On the basis of producing status quo of outlying oil well and stripper/low permeability oil well,a new type of mobile pumping equipment—CYC20 pumping truck is developed.It is based on the underbalance production principle,using specially made swab direct produce crude oil in casing.

针对边远油井、低产低渗油井开采的现状，研制开发出了一种新型移动抽油设备———CYC2 0型抽油车，它根据负压采油工艺原理，利用特制的油抽子在套管中直接抽汲原油进行采油。

The underbalance drilling technology is researched in view of stratum and reservoir geologic characteristic in DaQing oil field highlighting XuJia WeiZi east oil field in this text, it takes active role for valid development of DaQing deep zone natural gas and adding oil outcome. In this text the influential factor and establish way of underbalance drilling drawdown are stressly researched.

本文针对大庆油田地层及油藏地质特征，对大庆油田欠平衡钻井工艺技术应用进行了研究，重点对徐家围子等东部油气田开展了欠平衡井钻井工艺技术应用研究，为大庆深层天然气的有效开发，为探索欠平衡钻井工艺技术在开发井中的有效利用，增加油气产量起到了积极的推动作用。

According to different types of abnormal pressure,computation model for quantitative control on the abnormal pressure was set up to meet the needs of efficient and safe drilling in oil-gas fields.Some important parameters were calculated that include reasonable shut-in time,maximum flowing yield and the best flowing time of the injection wells,and reasonable bottom hole flowing pressure,extra oil production and stimulation moment of the production wells.The quantitative computational methods of them were derived.Three methods were applied to one undrilled adjustment well T1 in certain oil-gas field achieving quantitative control to the abnormal pressure in the adjustment well.

考虑到油气田高效、安全钻井的需要，依据不同的压力异常类型，建立了定量控制异常压力的计算模型，确定了注水井合理关井停注时间、最大放溢量和最佳放溢时机以及生产井合理井底流压、增产量和增产时机等参数，给出了计算公式，推导出了注水井最佳关井停注时间、注水井最佳放溢量和生产井合理的增产量的定量计算方法，并通过某油气田的一口待钻调整井(T1井)对3种方法进行了验证，实现了对调整井异常高压的定量控制。

The invention uses low cost grease which are mainly waste resources such as the unedible Jatropha curcas seed oil, the waster oil in the restaurant industry and the acid value oil, etc. as raw materials, thereby enlarging the material sources; because the Rhizopus chinensis CCTCC M201021 full cell lipase which is extremely low in cost is used as the catalyst, the problem of high price catalyst is effectively resolved; the toxic action of the alcohol on the biological catalyst is resolved by the batching fed-batch the short chain alcohol, thereby improving the conversion rate of the short chain alcohol.

本发明以廉价油脂为原料，主要是非可食用性的麻疯籽油以及餐饮业废油、酸价油等废物资源，扩大了原料的来源；采用价格极其低廉的华根霉全细胞脂肪酶作为催化剂，有效地解决了催化剂价格高昂的问题；分批流加短链醇以解决醇对生物催化剂的毒害作用，提高短链醇转化率。

At the same time for all kinds of snake venom lyophilized powder, fresh gall bladder, do gall bladder,±, snake powder, snake oil, live snakes, frozen snake, snakes do, acutus wine, liquor±, viper wine, snake wine, snake powder capsule, powder Shedan, Snake Oil Soft Capsule, recreation Capsule, Capsule Oolong, snakes ointment, Dongchuang Unguentum, Shedan SOD Honey, Honey SOD snake oil, disinfectant spray, snake leather, snake handbags, snake package with products such as snake skin, forming from the aquaculture, processing and selling one-stop service system.

同时可供各种蛇毒冻干粉、鲜蛇胆、干蛇胆、蛇鞭、蛇粉、蛇油、活蛇、冻蛇、蛇干、五步蛇酒、蛇鞭酒、蝮蛇酒、蛇胆酒、蛇粉胶囊、蛇胆粉胶囊、蛇油软胶囊、康乐宝胶囊、乌龙宝胶囊、蛇油膏、冻疮膏、蛇胆SOD蜜、蛇油SOD蜜、消毒喷剂、蛇皮革、蛇皮包、蛇包带等蛇皮工艺制品，形成从养殖、加工到销售一条龙服务体系。

One has proved that the viewpoint that the horizontal sidetrack is the most important technology for exploiting "large scale"unswept remaining oil in mature oilfields from three aspects.They are:(1) the horizontal sidetrack is the main technology for exploiting primary rich areas of"large scale"unswept remaining oil in mature oilfields;(2) the horizontal sidetrack can hit any rich area of"large scale"unswept remaining oil in reservoirs;(3) the cost of the horizontal sidetrack is more low in contrast with the vertical well and the conventional horizontal well.

从三方面论证了侧钻水平井是开采成熟油田&大尺度&未波及剩余油最重要的技术这一观点：①侧钻水平井是开采成熟油田&大尺度&未波及剩余油主要富集区的主要技术；②侧钻水平井可钻达油层中任何部位的&大尺度&未波及剩余油富集区；③侧钻水平井比钻垂直井和常规水平井费用低得多、更加经济。

The geology research of carbonate reservoirs in Ordovician of Tahe oilfield showed that many large dissolved vugs and fractures were developed. The spread of the reservoir take on a very heterogeneous state. And the typical fractured-vuggy reservoirs was formed. According to the combination of the various spaces, the formation was divided into vuggy formation, fractured-vuggy formation and fractured formation. The research showed that development of the vug is relevant to the its position on the structure, the fractures, the water surface and the weathering surface. Multi-phase charge and recharge of the oil in the reservoirs resulted in the complexity of the fluid distribution. So the"Bottle Model"was brought forward to explain the movement of the water-oil contact. The special storage space and the complex fluid distribution lead to the unstability of the production and the complexity of the water cut. In order to explain the characteristic of the fracture-vug unit was brought forward and the basic principle and method of the partition of the fracture-vug unit was formed. The classification and evaluation of the units were performed according the reserve and energy. Based on the research of geology characteristic and the fluid flow in the reservoir the comprehensive numerical simulation plan of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs were established. Through the selection of the simulation unit, fluid flow type and parameter equivalent the triple media reservoir simulation model was established. Considering the practical application the model was resolved by the DKR decomposition conjugate grads method. Based on the fine reservoir description of Dsitrict IV of the Tahe oilfield the various space type were classified and combined together. The geology model of Unit S48 was constructed. Two typical single well model was established according to the geology and the dynamic phenomena. Finally the single well model and the Unit S48 were simulated by the triple media reservoir simulator. Via the local grid refinement and coarsening in the simulation good matchs were gained. Based on the results of the simulation the reserve distribution, percent of reserve produced in various space and the natural energy were analyzed. The fluid was storaged in the fractures and vugs mostly and more than 90% the produced oil came from the systems. The energy belonged to the active one. The results of simulation accorded with the fact and showed the validity and practicability the research and the simulator.

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏的地质研究表明，其储层中发育着很多大型的溶蚀洞、缝，储层的平面展布呈现出极度的非均质性，形成了典型的缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，根据各种孔隙介质在储层中的组合，将储层分为了溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型三类；研究表明溶洞储层的发育和构造位置、裂缝的发育、潜水面和风化面的位置等因素有关；多期充注的油气成藏模式导致了流体复杂的赋存状态，由此提出了所谓的&瓶子模型&，解释生产过程中油水界面的变化；特殊的储集空间类型和流体分布特征导致油田在开发过程中表现出很大的不确定性和含水变化的复杂性，为了合理的解释油气田开发过程中的动态特征，提出了&缝洞单元&的概念，并制定了&缝洞单元&纵横向划分的基本原则和依据及划分方法，并对&缝洞单元&进行了分类和评价；基于地质特征和流体在其中流动规律的研究，提出了缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟综合解决方案，通过模拟单元的选择、流动类型和参数的等效，建立了三重介质油藏三维三相数值模拟模型，采用不完全LU分解预处理共轭梯度法进行了求解；在塔河油田4区精细油藏描述的基础上，将各种类型的孔隙空间进行了归类组合，建立了S48单元的地质模型；通过对油井生产动态进行分析研究，建立了两类和油井地质、生产动态相对应的单井模型；最后应用三重介质油藏数值模拟软件对单井模型和S48单元进行了数值模拟，通过局部加密和粗化等技术模拟流体流动规律，取得了很好的拟合效果；结合数值模拟结果，分析了各种介质中的储量分布、储量产出的百分比以及地层的能量，认为塔河油田缝洞型油藏中流体绝大多数储集于缝洞系统之中，所产出流体90%以上也来自于缝洞系统，其底水能量属于较充足的类型；模拟结果和油田实际情况符合较好，说明了地质研究和油藏数值模拟研究的正确性。

Catalytic techniques for deep desulfurization, denitrogenation and dearomatization in production of clean gasoline and diesel fuels were reviewed, especially those for producing low-sulfur and extra-low-sulfur gasoline and diesel oil, among which technologies arousing most attention are sulfur-reducing FCC catalyst and additives, selective hydrogenation catalysts and technology, adsorptive desul-f urization of gasoline and diesel oil, biologically catalytic desulf urization of diesel oil, and selective oxid...

为面对新世纪清洁燃料生产的新机遇和新挑战，各种生产清洁燃料的催化技术正在竞相开发之中，尤其是生产低硫、超低硫汽油与柴油技术。其中，催化裂化降硫催化剂和助剂、选择性加氢处理新催化剂及工艺、汽柴油吸附脱硫、柴油生物催化脱硫和选择性氧化脱硫等新技术尤其引人注目。我国应加快清洁燃料生产催化新技术的开发研究，为生产更清洁的汽油和柴油燃料提供技术储备。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷