查询词典 odontoid process

Results In 7 cases of odontoid process fracture, X-ray demonstrated 4 cases and CT demonstrated 5 cases, whereas the spiral CT reconstruction diagnosed 7 cases, which could display the displacement of fracture clearly. The X-ray and CT showed asymmetric space between left and right gaps of atlantoaxial joint in 6 cases, while spiral CT reconstruction showed normal and excluded the possibility of atlantoaxial dislocation. There was one case of lateral atlantoaxial joint dislocation, which was demonstrated by the spiral CT reconstruction clearly but not by the X-ray and CT scan. There were 3 cases of atlantoaxial congenital deformity (1 case of absence of both posterior arch of atlas and odontoid process and 2 cases of maldevelopment of the odontoid process), which were displayed clearly by spiral CT reconstruction, but misdiagnosed as odontoid process fracture and atlantoaxial subluxation by X-ray and CT scan.

结果 7例齿状突骨折中，X线显示4例，CT显示5例，CT重建确诊7例，且清楚显示骨折移位情况；6例X线、CT显示寰枢椎左右间隙不对称，通过CT重建排除寰枢关节半脱位；寰枢外侧关节脱位1例，CT重建可清楚显示，而X线片和CT平扫均未能显示；寰枢椎畸形3例，分别为齿状突、后弓缺如1例，齿状突发育不良2例，CT重建均能清楚显示，而X线、CT均误诊为齿状突骨折、寰枢椎半脱位。

Objective To study the applied value of multi-slice spiral CTin the diagnosis of odontoid process fractures.

目的探讨多层螺旋CT对齿状突骨折的诊断价值。

There were 47 cases of odontoid process fracture (38 cases with fresh fractures, 9 cases with timeworn fractures),45 cases of Hangman fracture （28 cases with fresh fractures, 17 cases with timeworn fractures）, 24 cases of torn transverse ligament of atlas, 23 cases of congenital deformity, 19 cases of unilateral fracture of vertebral arch of atlas, 17 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 9 cases of unilateral fracture of articular process, 3 cases of Jefferson fracture with chronic instability, 4 cases of spinal tumor.

临床诊断；齿突骨折47例，其中新鲜骨折38例，陈旧性骨折9例，Hangman骨折45例，其中新鲜骨折28例，陈旧性骨折17例，寰椎横韧带断裂24例，先天畸形23例，寰椎单侧椎弓骨折19例，类风湿性关节炎17例，一侧关节凸骨折9例， Jefferson骨折并慢性不稳3例，肿瘤4例。

Methods: Injured patients of cervical spine was cayyied on X-ray inspection.,then according to the result of ADI and LADS ,next to CT or MRI inspection ,and that was to guide clinical diagonosis and treatment.To observe atlanto-dental interval (anterior arch of atlas posterior border to odontoid process anterior border) and odontoid process caster(included angle between axis of ordinate of odontoid process and axis of ordinate of odontoid vertebra) on the X-ray lateral projection.

对有颈部外伤史的病人常规行X线检查，然后根据寰齿间距和齿突侧块间隙的结果，行下一步CT检查或者MRI检查，指导临床治疗方法的选择。X线侧位片观察寰齿前间隙(为寰椎前弓后缘与齿突前缘距离)，齿状突后倾角(齿突纵轴与枢椎体纵轴的夹角)；开口正位片上测定齿突侧块间隙。

This series included 35 male and 22 female, and the mean age was 34.6 years (range, 13– 66 years). The pathology included atlantoaxial instability in 52 patients (os odontoideum in 26 patients, transerse ligament relaxation or disruption in 20, odontoid fracture nonunion in 6), and irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation in 5 (os odontoideum in 1 patient, transerse ligament relaxation in 1, malunion of odontoid process fracture in 3). Twenty-four patients presented signs and symptoms of spinal cord and/or brain-stem dysfunction.

这个系列包括35个男性病人和22个女性病人，平均年龄是34.6岁（范围，13~66岁）。52个病人是寰枢椎不稳（26例os odontoideum、20个横韧带松弛或破裂、6例齿状突骨折不连），5例不可复位的寰枢椎关节脱位（1例os odontoideum，1例横韧带松弛，3例齿状突骨折连接不正）。24例有脊索和脑干功能不良的症状和体征。

Objective To set up the finite element model of type Ⅱ axis odontoid fracture treated with anterior odontoid screw fixation and analyse the influence of different fixation position of screw 、different angle of fracture surface to the stability of odontoid process fracture fixed with anterior odontoid screw.

目的建立Ⅱ型齿状突骨折螺钉固定的三维有限元模型，分析不同螺钉内固定位置以及骨折面角度对术后Ⅱ型齿状突骨折端稳定性的影响。

Objective To set up the finite element model of typeⅡaxis odontoid fracture treated with anterior odontoid screw fixation and analyse the influence of different fixation position of screw different angle of fracture surface to the stability of odontoid process fracture fixed with anterior odontoid screw ,and then find the best biomechanical steady position of anterior odontoid screw.

目的建立Ⅱ型齿状突骨折螺钉固定的三维有限元模型，分析不同螺钉内固定位置以及骨折面角度对术后Ⅱ型齿状突骨折端稳定性的影响，探讨Ⅱ型齿状突骨折中空螺钉内固定的最佳生物力学稳定性位置。

The odontoid vertebra space in the model was divided into lattices and the stress area of the odontoid vertebra was identified by force loading and analyses. It was found that the structure of the stress concentration area was closely related to the development of split sections. Therefore,when the odontoid process is attacked by the external force along its vertical plane,its waist is likely to break and type II fracture occurs. And the break also possibly appears in its base,in this way,type HI fracture occurs.

确定其材料性质、单元类型并控制好网格划分精度后，通过力的加载与分析，找出枢椎的结构应力区，根据结构的应力集中区与其断裂时断裂面走向的密切关系，从而判断出当外部载荷沿齿突中性矢状面不同角度作用，即齿突受到来自其矢状面的外部冲击时，容易在齿突腰部发生断裂，形成枢椎齿突Ⅱ型骨折，也可能在基底部发生断裂，形成枢椎齿突Ⅲ型骨折。

From the simulations, we can see the distributions and transmission of strain and stress in model under different loadings, and the results explained the fractures very well. 4. Similarly, a axis FEM model was constructed to simulate the axis fracture, emphasized on the odontoid process. Three kind of odontoid process fracture were analysed on this model, which occurred respectively on the tip, the middle and the fundus. The results gave the best angle to fracture the odontoid process of the axis.

四、建立了枢椎的三维有限元模型，对枢椎齿状突骨折机理进行了理论上的研究，重点针对临床上齿突骨折的三种分类：1、齿突尖骨折；2、齿突腰部骨折；3、齿突基底部骨折，赋予齿状突在矢状面沿各种角度下受力条件，模拟衰椎前弓、襄椎横韧带以及CZ－3棘间韧带对枢椎造成的暴力破坏，确定了最可能引起齿状突暴力骨折的受力角度。

Similarly, a axis FEM model was constructed to simulate the axis fracture, emphasized on the odontoid process. Three kind of odontoid process fracture were analysed on this model, which occurred respectively on the tip, the middle and the fundus. The results gave the best angle to fracture the odontoid process of the axis.

四、建立了枢椎的三维有限元模型，对枢椎齿状突骨折机理进行了理论上的研究，重点针对临床上齿突骨折的三种分类：1、齿突尖骨折：2、齿突腰部骨折：3、齿突基底部骨折，赋予齿状突在矢状面沿各种角度下受力条件，模拟寰椎前弓、寰椎横韧带以及C2-3棘间韧带对枢椎造成的暴力破坏，确定了最可能引起齿状突暴力骨折的受力角度。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。