查询词典 od

OD estimation was divided into fixed steps, with every step containing a bi-level programming. The upper-level problem was a generalized least squares estimator, while the lower level problem was a stochastic user equilibrium model. Namely, based on generalized least squares estimator and stochastic user equilibrium, a new estimator of the OD matrix was proposed by target matrix and traffic counts updating.

将OD估计分为固定的步数，每一步都是一个双层规划，上层为广义最小二乘估计，下层为随机用户均衡分配模型，即以广义最小二乘估计和随机用户均衡分配模型为基础，通过更新估计模型中目标矩阵和实测路段上的流量来估计OD矩阵。

Furthermore, we solve the user equilibrium problem by gradient projection method to obtain some additional path-based information. Since true OD trip demands are unknown, we conduct OD demand estimation and OD demand covering rate verification by the least square estimator.

在求解使用者均衡之交通量指派问题上，透过梯度投影法(Gradient projection， GP)求解，并获得以路径为基础的相关资讯；在流量倒推旅次起迄量的课题上，由於真实OD量未知，故使用基本的最小平方估计量，进行旅次起迄需求涵盖量的推估与检验。

The purpose of OD investigations is to make statistical estimation of the average value of the samples based on the OD data obtained.

OD调查的目的是利用调查所得的OD数据对样本总体的均值作出统计推断。

Regarding the unperfected surveyed OD data, it employs comprehensive resistance concept to calibrate at first the model within the range of sample values and then extends the bound of the data. The calibrated gravity model is then reloaded to reforecast and adjust so as to obtain eventually a complete OD data.

针对不完整的OD调查数据，运用综合阻抗的概念，首先在样本值的范围内进行模型标定，然后扩大样本值，运用标定好的重力模型重新预测并调整，最后得到完整的OD数据。

Results: The rate of abnormal increase of telomerase activity was 75.71%, pos itive rate of telomerase was 31.41%,OD value was 388.21(×10-3) in hypertension group（70 cases） were significantly increase (P＜0.01,＜0.0 5,＜0.01),comp ared with 47 cases' normal group(RAITA was 31.79%,PRT was 6.38%,OD value was 7 0.7).The difference of RAITA was not significance (P＞0.05) between aged h ypertension group (73.68%) and normal group(52.63%),the difference of RAITA w as significance (P＜0.05) between adult(age＜60) hypertension group (7 5.00%) and normal group(17.81%). The difference of RAITA、PRT was no signific ance among 2 groups of hypertension, and was significanceP＜0.05）among 2 g roups of normal.

结果：高血压病组（70例）端粒酶活性异常增高率（75.71%），阳性率（31.41%），OD值［388.21(×10-3)］分别明显高于正常组（47例）的 31.79%、 6.38%、70.7( P＜0.01，＜0.05，＜0.01)；老年高血压组的端粒酶活性异常增高率(73.68%)与正常同年龄组的52.63%比无明显差异，但成年（＜60岁）高血压组的端粒酶活性异常增高率(75.00%)较正常组的17.81%明显增加(P＜0.05)；高血压2个年龄组的端粒酶活性异常增高率、阳性率、OD值无明显差异，但正常人2年龄组这些参数有明显差异（P＜0.05）。

The author develops a corresponding statistical analysis software to compensate the deficiencies of the current popular traffic analysis software in this regard. The software achieves the functions of highway traffic and OD survey data entry,statistical analysis of the traffic flow characteristics,the generation of cross flux,SQL query,OD matrix operations and so on, enhances the efficiency and quality of statistical analysis,provides the scientific decision-making of traffic planning,construction and management with a powerful data processing tool.

一种统计分析软件的开发弥补了当前流行的交通分析软件在这一方面的不足，实现了公路交通量及OD调查的数据输入、交通流特性的统计分析、断面流量的生成、SQL查询、OD矩阵的操作等功能，提高了统计分析工作的效率和质量，为交通规划、建设与管理的科学决策提供了有力的数据处理工具。

Based on analyzing disadvantage of URT′s passenger flow forecast by the joint mode split\ assignment model on all modes OD matrix, this paper presents a URT's passenger flow forecast with the joint mode split\assignment model on cooperant and competitive OD matrix Firstly, all modes OD matrix can be gained by trip production and distribution forecast Secondly, coopperant and competitive OD matrix can be achieved by layered and politic mod...

在分析基于全方式OD采用联合方式划分交通分配模型进行轨道客流预测不足的基础上，提出了一种基于合作竞争类OD的采用联合方式划分交通分配模型的轨道交通客流预测方法，即由出行产生和分布预测得到全方式的OD矩阵，通过分层次策略性交通方式划分法得到合作竞争类出行OD矩阵，然后采用联合方式划分交通分配模型进行轨道线网客流预测。

Based on analyzing disadvantage of URT′s passenger flow forecast by the joint mode split\assignment model on all modes OD matrix, this paper presents a URT's passenger flow forecast with the joint mode split\model on cooperant and competitive OD matrix.Firstly, all modes OD matrix can be gained by trip production and distribution forecast. Secondly, coopperant and competitive OD matrix can be achieved by layered and politic mode split method. Lastly,URT forecast can be done by joint mode split\assignment model.

在分析基于全方式OD采用联合方式划分交通分配模型进行轨道客流预测不足的基础上，提出了一种基于合作竞争类OD的采用联合方式划分交通分配模型的轨道交通客流预测方法，即由出行产生和分布预测得到全方式的OD矩阵，通过分层次策略性交通方式划分法得到合作竞争类出行OD矩阵，然后采用联合方式划分交通分配模型进行轨道线网客流预测。

In order to make the best of limited traffic detectors, understand the traffic performance of urban road network, and then take effective management measures, the paper puts forward a loop detector-layout method called "close-loop", and a method for estimating link traffic flow and OD matrix for local urban road network. A theoretical model is established based on the stability test of turning split of intersections by real data, and the uniqueness of assigned link flow and OD matrix is discussed.

为利用有限的交通采集设备，实现全面掌握城市路网交通运行状况、快速有效制定管理措施的目的，提出了一种&封闭环&式检测线圈布设方式和城市局域路网交通量与OD矩阵估计方法，以交叉口转弯比例稳定性实证研究为基础，建立理论模型，并探讨路段分配流量和OD估计唯一性问题。

Based on traffic properties analysis in highway network,this paper proposes an inferrence model of OD distribution of highway traffic according to entropy maximisation principle.Being able to infer thoroughly from the effective information and parts of data to update the OD matrix the model can simplify the method of acquisition of OD distribution without over- emphasizing the OD survey as before.

本文在分析公路网交通特性的基础上，根据极大熵原理建立了公路交通量 OD 分布的推断模型，该模型可充分利用各种有效信息和局部资料对 OD 分布情况进行推断及追踪校正，因而可避免严重依赖 OD 调查数据的状况，使获取 OD 分布资料的方法得以简化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。