查询词典 obtained

In this paper,the results obtained from the differential scanning calorimetric method for melting point determination of slice of bottle-grade polyester under different conditions are compared with those obtained by using the melting-point microscopic method .

通过采用熔点显微镜法和不同测试条件的差示扫描量热法对瓶级聚酯切片熔点测定结果进行比较，研究了不同方法测定结果间的规律及不同测试条件对结果的影响。

The following results were obtained: 1. Several multi-pore materials were compared and a nylon membrane was choosed to conduct experiments. 2. Two devices and methods for controlling negative hydraulic heads were developed. Coupled with the devices, a system for precise control of soil moisture udring pot experiment was developed. 3. Two times of pot experiment studying wheat seedling growth under precise soil moisture control were conducted. Some very important results were obtained. 4. Capillary rise, horizontal and vertical infiltration under different nagative hydraulic heads were observed. The concepts of "critical wetting distance" and "wetting coefficient" were proposed. The linear relationship between wetting front movement distance and cumulative infiltration amount was confirmed. Spatial distribution model of soil moisture and its simple derivation method were established.

通过该项目支持，获得了以下的研究成果： 1、比较和检验了不同多孔材料，初步选定了用于水分控制的多孔膜材料； 2、完成了两种负水头控制方法与装置的研究，并制作了仪器，与负水头控制装置配套，制作了盆栽实验用水分精控盆； 3、进行了两期小麦苗期水分精确控制盆栽实验，获得了一系列重要结论； 4、进行了不同负水头下土壤的毛管上升、水平入渗、垂直入渗研究，提出了临界湿润厚度、湿润系数两个概念，确定了湿润锋与入渗量的线性关系、土壤含水量的空间分布模型，土壤含水量空间分布的简单推算方法。

Reducing afterblowing and using the carburant with low nitrogen content are important measure. The kinetics of nitrogen removal from liquid steel under vacuum with reaction between carbon and oxygen was studied on the multi-function induction furnace. The following conclusions were obtained by experiments: The nitrogen removal was obtained by the nitrogen transfer through the liquid steel diffusion layer at 67Pa and 110Pa pressure, and by the gas-liquid surface chemical reaction at 2000P.

结果表明：真空度对脱氮机理有影响，67Pa～110Pa时脱氮为一级反应，2000Pa时脱氮为二级反应，1340Pa时为混合控制；即使在。1％的条件下，碳氧反应亦可显著提高脱氮速度常数促进深脱氮，在RH内通过加强碳氧反应来提高脱氮率理论上是可行的；当钢液内存在内生或外来固态粒子时，有利于钢液中CO及N〓气泡的形成及排除，这时气泡内p〓≈0，有可能使钢液中氮含量低干与系统真空度平衡的氮含量。

First, a chlorinator was self-designed in this paper, and dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was synthesized by 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with chlorine fast in this reactor. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the yield and selectivity of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-prop-ene were more than 65% and 80% respectively. Second, the preparation of 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol, which dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with alkali was investigated. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the conversion of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was 100%. Moreover the preparation of MPO, which 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol reacted with hydrogen, in presence of Al_2O_3-Pd catalyst, was gotten, and the product was appraised.

本文在氯化反应过程中，自行设计制作出了氯化管式反应器，在该反应器中异丁烯和氯气迅速混合反应生成二氯异丁烯，根据该氯化反应特征利用正交试验和单因素试验考察了有关因素的影响并优化得到了最佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的总收率达65％以上，选择性达80％；接着，对二氯异丁烯进行水解反应制得了2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇，讨论了相关因素对水解反应的影响，并通过正交试验和单因素试验得到了较佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的转化率达100％；同时还对制备的2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇在常压下采用三氧化二铝负载钯催化剂催化加氢得目的产物MPO，并对产品进行了鉴定，从而打通了整个工艺路线。

By applying the comparison theorem and some new analysis technique, some sufficient conditions which guarantee the permanence of the system are obtained. After that, by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, sufficient conditions which ensure the global attractivity of the system are obtained.

利用差分方程的有关理论，使用与前面不同的分析方法，获得保证该系统永久持续生存的充分性条件；其后通过构造适当的差分Lyapunov函数，得到保证该系统全局吸引的充分性条件。

According to these two joint density functions, various joint probability density functions between the ambiguity solution and the position parameter solution are obtained, and various conditional probability density functions of baseline position parameter vectors are also obtained.

根据这两个联合概率密度公式得到了各种类型的模糊度和基线位置参数向量的联合概率密度函数，还得到了各种类型基线位置参数向量的条件概率密度函数。

In 1998, Shandong University became one of the first universities which obtained the master's degree conferral right for folklore. In 2002, Shandong University obtained the doctor's degree conferral right for Chinese folk literature. The doctoral program has three research directions: folk literature, the history of Chinese folk literature, folklore and folk narrative.

1998年山东大学成为我国首批民俗学硕士学位授予权单位，该硕士点下设理论民俗学、中国民俗史、比较民俗学和区域民俗研究 4 个研究方向。2002年山东大学获得中国民间文学博士学位授予权，该博士点下设民间文学、中国民间文学史、民俗与民间叙事研究 3 个研究方向。

In this method, first, the gray-scale image of the molten pool is obtained according to the fractal-based discrete Brown random field theory. Next, the connected domain is detected based on the binary morphology theory and is then used to remove the noise and obtain the target image. Moreover, the successive edges of the image are obtained by means of the Open-Close operation on the basis of the mathematical morphology theory.

该方法利用分形理论中的离散分数布朗随机场理论得到按分形维分布的熔池灰度图像，然后利用二值形态学中的连通域检测去除噪声并得到目标图像，进而利用形态学中的开运算和闭运算得到图像的强连通边界。

As for continuous random variable, the connection of distribution function between random variable and its function -- a new random variable can be obtained first according to the definition of distribution function, then the connection between distribution densities can be obtained by derivation; thus the distribution density is solved.

对于连续型随机变量ξ来说，可由分布函数的定义先求出随机变量ξ和它的函数η=f这个新的随机变量的分布函数之间的联系，然后通过求导，得到密度函数之间的联系，从而求得η的分布密度。

In addition, some modifications on several computational methods are also presented. Using LMTO method the electronic structure of several systems are studied, and some results are obtained. They are: The ideal Nb (100) surface has three surface states, the multi-layer relaxed surface has two surface states. The surface energy of the ideal surface is higher than that of the relaxed surface, that means that the multi-layer relaxed surface is more stable than the former one, which supports the LEED results. The mono-layer relaxed Ag (111) surface is the most stable one among several" stable surface models"presented by several researchers. The surface energy of Ag (111) surface is higher than that of surface Ag (001), which supports some experimental results such as different reaction rate at different surface orientations for the same material. The surafce states of Si (111) surface not only locate near the Fermi level, but also in the valence band, which agrees well with Cohen's conclusion. Si (111)-H is an effective model for analysing the surface states and H adsorbed on the back surface is a good method for improving the convincingness of the results obtained on thinner slab models. The surface stability depends on three different kinds of MoSi〓(001) surfaces, the surface with mono-layer Si is the most stable one, and the surface with Mo at the first layer is the most unstable one among them. These are consistant with the Kemoda's experimental results. The valence bands of clean or K adsorbed CdTe (111) surface agrees well with the synchrotron radiation studies. The surface of CdTe (111) consists of four kinds of surface models which show different surface electronic structures and different surface structure stabilities. The conclusion agrees well with Wu's experimental work. The different absorbed alkali metals on the CdTe (111) surface give different adsorption characteristics which have relations not only with the valence electrons, but also with the core ones of the alkali metals. The electonic structures of Si-C alloys are different from that of Si-Ge alloys, and the energy band gaps of Si-C alloys do not increase linearly with Carbon concentration, our conclusion supports Alexander's results, but conflicts with Soref's one.

现分述如下： LMTO方法及其应用方面：1）通过对Nb（100）表面电子态分析发现清洁理想表面有三个表面态，多层弛豫表面有两个表面态；表面能大小说明多层弛豫表面更稳定，支持了LEED结果。2）通过对采用不同方法获得的几种不同Ag（111）表面稳定结构的表面能计算分析，给出了单层弛豫表面为Ag（111）表面的最稳定结构；从Ag（111）单层弛豫表面和Ag（001）表面的表面能比较，发现了Ag（001）表面表面能要比Ag（111）小的，表明了同种物质不同表面取向将表现出不同物理、化学性质，这是与实验中得出的结论是吻合的，3）通过对Si（111）表面态分析，不仅发现了Si（111）表面不仅具有居于费米能级附近的悬挂键所对应的表面态，而且还有很多表面态位于价带能量范围内，与Cohen等结果一致，H饱和slab模型背表面相当于增加了slab层的厚度，是一有效的变相增加slab层厚的方法，弛豫表面较清洁理想表面价带谱们低能端的少许移动，预示着总能降低，说明弛豫表面较清洁理想表面稳定。4）MoSi〓具有三种表面，从费米能级上态密度值大小得到单层Si表面最稳定，Mo原子为表层原子的表面最不稳定，双层Si原子表面居中的结论，这与Kemoda等人实验结果是一致的。5）通过对CdTe（111）表面表面电子态、表面结构稳定性及表面H、碱金属吸附的电子结构系列研究，不仅得出了CdTe（111）清洁及碱金属K吸附价带谱与同步辐射光电子谱相吻合的结果，而且发现了CdTe（111）表面具有四类不同原子近邻特征，表现出四类不同的表面结构及电子结构特征：不同表面态分布、不同的表面结构稳定性（表层原子与次层原子成三键有一悬挂键的表面要比表层原子与次层原子成一键有三悬挂键稳定（与Wu等人实验结果一致））、不同的H吸附特性。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。