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The definition of the absolute value for a fuzzy number is obtained.Furthermore,a lot ofproblems,such as absolute integrability,bounded variation and absolute continuity,arepresented and discussed.The representation theorem of the absolute values of fuzzy num-bers is established.It plays an important role in discussing the problems conceming theabsolute value.The relation between the absolute integrability and integrabili-ty is discussed,and the following result is obtained:aintegrable fuzzy-number-valued function is absolutely integrable iff it is integrable.The relation between theabsolute integrability and the absolute continuity of the primitive for fuzzy-number-valuedfunctions is dealt with.It is also pointed out that a fuzzy number valued function is ab-solutelyintegrable if and only if its integral primitive is fuzzy absolutely continuous.

提出了模糊数绝对值的概念并讨论了与绝对值相关的一系列问题，如绝对可积性、有界变差性、绝对连续性等，给出了模糊数绝对值的定义以及表示定理，该表示定理在涉及绝对值问题的讨论中起非常重要的作用；讨论了绝对可积与可积之间的关系，得到了结论：可积的模糊数值函数绝对可积的充要条件是该模糊数值函数可积；给出了模糊数值函数绝对可积与其积分原函数绝对连续性之间的关系，指出模糊数值函数绝对可积的充要条件是其原函数模糊绝对连续。

When evidence of microbial contamination in the article is obtained by the appropriate Pharmacopeial method, the result so obtained is conclusive evidence of failure of the article to meet the requirements of the test for sterility, even if a different result is obtained by an alternative procedure.

当通过适当的药典方法获得了某物品中微生物污染的证据，这样获得的结果是该物品未能达到无菌检验要求的结论性证据，即便使用替代程序得到了不同的结果也无法否定此结果。

Fe and Al in the system were removed by precipitation at pH≈5. Co2 was obtained by precipitation at pH=9.5~10, it was then purified by reprecipitation. Co3O4 was obtained by calcining Co2 at 500℃ for 2h, the purity of which was 99.3%. The recovery rate of Co was 97%. Li2CO3 was obtained by adding Na2CO3 to the mother liquor, the purity of which was 97.8%. The one-time recovery for Li was 73%. The mother liquor can be reused after being cooled to below 10℃ and Na2SO410H2O is recovered.

体系中的Fe、Al从杂质在pH≈5时沉淀除去；Co2在pH为9.5~10沉淀得到，经酸溶解后二次沉淀提纯，500℃煅烧2.0h得Co3O4，其纯度达到99.3%，钴的回收率达97%，母液中Li离子加Na2CO3处理，沉淀得Li2CO3，其纯度达97.8%，锂的一次回收率达73%，母液经冷却至10℃以下除去Na2SO410H2O后可循环使用。

The dose of morphine administered was 0.16 ± 0.10 mg/kg and the median number of boluses was 3. Pain relief was obtained in 512 (82%) patients. Morphine-induced adverse events occurred in 67 patients (11%) without severe adverse event. Titration was interrupted before pain relief had been obtained in 107 (17%) patients. In the remaining 514 patients, pain relief was obtained in 507 (99%) patients.

结果吗啡使用的剂量是0.16+-0.1mg/kg，其弹丸式注射的中位剂量是3mg.512名患者(82%)疼痛得到缓解，67名患者(11%)发生了吗啡导致的不良事件，但是没有严重的不良事件。107名患者（17%）在疼痛缓解之前滴定终止了，在余下的514名患者中507人（99%）疼痛缓解。

The oil shale ash is disintegrated into fine powder less than 150 eye to be calcined at a certain temperature, then sulfuric acid solution is added for performing acid dipping, after solid-liquid separation and solid residue removal, aluminum sulfate solution is obtained and is then filtered after sodium hydroxide solution is added in, further metallic ions as Ca2 , Mg2 , Fe3 , Fe2 and the like are filtered from the solution, thereby sodium aluminate solution is obtained, gas of carbon dioxide is communicated into the sodium aluminate solution to obtain aluminum hydroxide sediment, and after drying and calcining aluminum hydroxide powder is obtained.

将油页岩灰渣粉碎至＜150目的细粉，在一定温度下煅烧，加入硫酸溶液进行酸浸，固液分离，去除固体残渣，得硫酸铝滤液，加氢氧化钠溶液后过滤，滤除溶液中的Ca 2 、Mg 2 、Fe 3 、Fe 2 等金属离子，得偏铝酸钠溶液，向偏铝酸钠溶液通入二氧化碳气体，得到氢氧化铝沉淀，经烘干、煅烧得到氢氧化铝粉末。

We obtained similar results from the non H-exposed Cl sample. By plotting the Arrhenius relations we were able to obtain the activation energies for each set. From the set with H-exposure we obtained 1.23eV for inter-dimer hoppings and 0.70eV for intra-dimer hoppings respectively, while for the set without H-exposure we obtained 1.14eV and 0.62eV for the inter-dimer and intra-dimer hoppings respectively.

由Arrhenius 关系线，我们推算出氢-氯原子交换运动的动力能障，即对於曝氢而言inter-dimer跳跃的动力能能障为1.23 eV、至於intra-dimer跳耀的动力能则为0.70 eV，相对的，在对於没有曝氢的inter-dimer跳耀的动力能为1.14 eV，intra-dimer跳耀的动力能则是0.62eV。

From the 4687 effective ESTs of Lycoris longituba bud, a total of 2310 different contigs were obtained, 1343 of the 2310 contigs were composed of only one EST, and such contig was also called singlet; 735 contigs were obtained from the 1312 effective ESTs of wild leaf of Lycoris aurea, among which 535 contigs were singlets; 879 contigs were obtained from the 1810 effective ESTs of mutant leaf of Lycoris aurea, among which 574 contigs were singlets.

利用Phred软件对长筒石蒜花苞EST 4992条、忽地笑野生型叶片EST 1606条及忽地笑突变型叶片EST 2132条进行编辑后，分别获得4687条、1312条、1810条有效EST序列，其序列的平均长度分别为545bp、403bp、437bp，序列平均质量数分别为39.28、39.54、40.13；另外通过GC含量分析获得长筒石蒜花苞、忽地笑野生型及突变型叶片EST的GC含量分别39.46、48.33、47.51。

Under atmospheric pressure, binary nanocrystalline sulfides and selenides such as CdS、CdSe、PbS、 PbSe、Cu〓Se、Ag〓S、Ag〓Se、SnSe are obtained at room temperature; nanocrystalline CdTe and PbTe are obtained by heating. Nanocrystalline NiSe〓、CoSe〓 and FeTe〓 are obtained by hydrothermal conditions.

根据硫、硒歧化的碱溶液与碲歧化的碱溶液稳定性的不同，发现在室温条件下可成功获得CdS、CdSe、PbS、PbSe、Cu〓Se、Ag〓S、Ag〓Se、SnSe等二元硫化物与硒化物纳米晶；加热条件下可成功获得CdTe与PbTe纳米晶；而NiSe〓、CoSe〓及FeTe〓的合成则要在水热条件下进行。

Compared with results obtained from the eigenstates of the quantumbaker's map,it is found that,with the presence of scars,the fiuctua-tions of the statistic functions obtained from the eigenstates of the quantum baker'smap will be greater than these obtained from the random matrices,and tend to zeromuch slower in the semiclassical limitation of N tends to infinity.

与由量子面包师变换的本征态得到的结果相比较，我们发现，疤痕的存在使得由量子面包师变换的本征态得到的统计函数的涨落比由随机矩阵得到的统计函数的涨落要大，并且在N趋向于无穷的半经典极限下，以较慢的速度趋于0。

Nonlinear partial differential dynamic equations of bending vibration of a tilting stepped drive shaft with two supports were built under non-inertia movement coordinate system by theorem of the motion of mass center and Heaviside function. According to the condition of equal displacement in an adjoining plane of the shaft, an equivalent shaft and its equation were obtained. A motion equation of the equivalent shaft was obtained by method of Galerkin. An approximate steady-state solution of the main resonance was obtained by method of multiple scales. The influence factors, motion stability, amplitude jump of main resonance of a stepped drive shaft and so on were analyzed.

用质心运动定理、Heaviside函数建立了非惯性系下倾料两端支承阶梯传动轴的非线性弯曲振动偏微分动力学方程，并根据相邻轴段的衔接面处位移相等的条件，得到阶梯轴的当量轴及其动力学方程；用Galerkin法得到当量轴的弯曲运动方程，用多尺度法求得稳态下当量轴的主共振的一次近似定常解，分析了影响阶梯传动轴主共振的因素、运动稳定性、振幅突变性等。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。