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Thus, we have studied the high-Tc superconducting quantum interference device system by stochastic theory, and obtained some significative result, especially the stationary distribution function of DC SQUID is obtained firstly in the accurate theory, and the expressions of all this systems characteristics functions are obtained.

为此，我们利用随机理论研究了高温超导量子干涉器件系统，取得了一点有意义的成果，特别是得到：DC SQUID系统的定态概率分布的精确解析表达式，进而得到该系统的所有特性函数。

Numerical simulations were done for a bistable latch valve of the system by FLUENT, and three groups of datum for different fluids were obtained with the same effective exit sectional area. Besides, a static mathematic model for the electromagnetic valve was established based on the obtained datum. Secondly, the motion of the valve spool was realized by UDF file in FLUENT. Three kinds of motions, uniform, acceleration and motion driven by the coupling effect of the liquid resistance and the electromagnetic force, were calculated and compared. The dynamic characteristic of the electromagnetic valve was obtained by analyzing the relationship of the mass flow rate of the inside flow field of the electromagnetic valve, the change of the drop pressure of the passageway of the valve, and motion time.

并针对系统中的某双稳态电磁阀，使用商用CFD软件FLUENT对其进行内部流场的数值模拟，通过使用不同流体介质，不改变阀门有效出口截面积的情况下，分析得到的三组数据，建立了该电磁阀的静态数学模型；通过编写UDF文件，实现对阀芯运动方程的控制，在阀门做由闭合到开启、开启到闭合运动时，控制阀芯分别做匀速运动、匀加速运动以及阀芯受到液体阻力与电磁力作用力的耦合力的运动，分析了三种工况下电磁阀内部流场质量流率和阀门出口入口压降的变化以及运动时间，从而得到该电磁阀的动态特性。

The specific properties of materials, such as the palate adhesion, dynamic cruor, anti-bacterial and the degradability of lysozyme, were studied, which provide valuable data for further application. The main creative ideas are listed as follows:(1) The water-retention chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol blend fiber was obtained by coagulating in 10％ NaOH/ethanol solution, and the blend and crosslink due to GA can enhance the mechanical properties of fiber;(2) The controlled degradable chitosan/gelatin blend fiber was obtained by solution filature, and the mechanical properties were improved;(3) The N-acylchitosan with the different degree of substitution were successfully prepared, and the relationship between structure and properties was estabilished;(4) By a new solvent system of 6％ NaOH/4％ urea for cellulose, the blood anti-coagulant function films were prepared by blending cellulose with chitin;(5) In the same solvent system above mentioned, the anti-bacterial blend films based on cellulose and carboxymethyl-chitosan were prepared, and the relationship of DS and the anti-bacterial property was concluded;(6) The controlled degradable chitosan films was obtained by the chemical crosslink.

本论文的主要创新点：（1）以NaOH水溶液／无水乙醇为凝固液，采用溶液纺丝法制备出保水性壳聚糖／聚乙烯醇纤维，共混和戊二醛交联极大提高了壳聚糖纤维力学性能；（2）用壳聚糖和明胶共混，以溶液纺丝法制备出可控降解的壳聚糖／明胶纤维，并大幅度提高了壳聚糖共混纤维的干、湿态抗张强度；（3）确立了不同取代度N-酰基壳聚糖的合成方法及其膜的结构与性能的关系；（4）利用纤维素新溶剂6％NaOH／4％尿素制备出抗凝血性纤维素／甲壳素共混膜；（5）利用上述纤维素新溶剂制备出抗菌性纤维素／羧甲基壳聚糖共混膜，揭示了羧甲基壳聚糖取代度与抗菌性能的关系；（6）制备出可控降解壳聚糖交联膜。

Using the one-atom theory, the electronic structures of Pt-electrocatalyst with fcc structure was determined as follows:(5dn)6.48 (5dc)2.02 (6sc)1.48(6sf)0.02. Compared to the result obtained by the first-principle method such as FP-LMTO, CASTEP, their results are in good agreement with each other. Comparing the calculations of physical properties such as lattice constants, cohesive energy and bulk modulus by OA method and first-principle method, the result obtained by OA method is in excellent agreement with experimental value, but the result obtained by first-principle method is not accordable. The relationship between the electronic structures and catalytic performance was explained qualitatively by OA method and first principle method according to its electronic structures. Because the d-orbital vacancies increases and static density is high around Fermi energy band, Pt has good catalytic performance.

摘 要：依据纯金属单原子理论确定面心立方结构电催化剂Pt的电子结构为(5dn)6.48(5dc)2.02-(6sc)1.48(6sf)0.02，与采用第一原理的FP-LMTO和CASTEP等方法所计算的电子结构相比较，其结果非常相近；由OA理论和第一原理方法计算的晶格常数、结合能、体弹性模量等物理参数进行比较，OA理论计算的结果与实验值较符合，而第一原理方法计算的结果与实验值相差较大；在此基础上用OA理论和第一原理方法研究了Pt的电子结构与催化性能的关系，由于d带空穴增多和费米能级附近态密度较高，导致金属Pt的催化性能很好。

The tryptophan residues play important roles in DNA photoreactivation catalyzed by CPD photolyases. We have investigated the action mechanism concerning Trp in DNA photoreactivation, and obtained the results as follows: 1 We proposed a mechanism of photosensitized splitting of CPDs by Trp and Trp-containing peptides. 2 Quantum yields of splitting of the model compounds that a Trp linked covalently a CPD were obtained under 290 nm light in various solvents, these values changing with solvent, range from 0.01 to 0.5. 3 Utilizing pulse radiolysis technique, splitting processes were observed in aqueous solution of the CPDs with hydrated electron and some oxidative species (such as hydroxyl radical, bromic radical and azide radical), and obtained their rate constants. In the case of interaction between CPD and hydrated electron, splitting of the CPD anion, and pyrimidine anion transfer an electron to FAD or Rf, were observed. The process rate was slower one order more than that in photolyase. Minor, but highly mutagenic UV-light-induced lesions are (6-4) photoproducts, which are repaired by (6-4) photolyases. These enzymes, discovered in 1993, are not well characterized and their mechanism is still under investigation.

我们研究它的作用机理，获得以下结果：1）建立了色氨酸及其肽对嘧啶二聚体光敏化裂解的直接修复作用机理模型；2）获得了色氨酸共价键连接于嘧啶二聚体的化合物在多种溶剂中290nm光辐照裂解的量子效率，其值随溶剂而变化，范围在0.01-0.5；3）运用脉冲辐解观察到嘧啶二聚体与水合电子和一些氧化性的自由基作用裂解过程，得到相应速率常数；对二聚体与水合电子作用发生裂解以及向FAD返还电子的过程进行了体外模拟；4）（6-4）光解酶的作用机理中一个关键假定是氧杂环丁烷中间体在接受电子后能自发裂解，恢复二嘧啶的结构。

According to by the time series estimate power spectral density\'s periodogram law principle,the research adopts five level of orbital power spectra which US Federal railway Administrative bureau FRA proposed;then,through the Fourier inverse transformation,the orbital not smooth time domain samples are obtained, which determine the track irregularity peak-to-peak value and the corresponding wave length; on the basis of the research,the influence of the wheel track dynamic contact force are considered.Based on the orbital roadbed coefficient\'s definition,computation model is established to solve the roadbed equispaced spring constant,and the roadbed uniform spring stiffness is obtained by using the numerical simulation method.Finally,based on the Matlab procedure platform,the computational procedure is established,and the load time interval caused by the moving train acts on the roadbed is obtained.

根据由时间序列估计功率谱密度的周期图法原理，采用美国联邦铁路管理局FRA提出的五级轨道功率谱，通过Fourier逆变换得到轨道不平顺的时域样本，确定了轨道不平顺的幅值及对应的波长，以此为基础考虑轮轨动态接触力的影响；基于轨道路基系数的定义建立了求解路基均布弹簧刚度的计算模型，采用数值模拟得到了路基均布弹簧刚度；最后，基于Matlab程序平台编制了计算程序，得到了运行列车作用到路基上的荷载时程。

Shearstrain were obtained forcomparison with those sug- gested by Seed and Idriss.The difference between shear wave velocities obtained in- situ and those obtained with resonant column testing are discussed.

粉土和粉砂结构性较差，在取土采样、运输过程中极易扰动失水，从而使室内试验结果失真；而重塑样又常常不能反映土体的原位性质，从而限制了对其工程性质的研究。

The article adopted a new filtering-cloud composing technology used to monitoring drought,analyzed the property of Ts—NDVI characteristic space and the TVDI's indicating drought ability, put forward the TVDI compute model, grade standard, and the impact estimation method. The result indicated: 1 the decade-composed data obtained by the maximum surface temperature principle has better ability than the composed data obtained by the maximum NDVI on monitoring drought; 2 in the Ts-NDVI characteristic space,the dry side and the wet side almost are horizontal lines when the NDVI is on the small side, the temperature difference is about 45℃; 3 the TVDI has inequable level on monitoring drought as its value, the less TVDI indicates without drought occurrence, the bigger TVDI shows the drought certainly happened, the unsure drought conclusion mainly comes from the middle TVDI; 4 the monitored results of Sichuan hot-drought in 2006, obtained by the remote sensing and by the climate index, are basically consistent, the estimating error on the bearing drought crop area and on the drinking trouble population is within 10%.

采用了干旱监测合成滤云新技术，分析了Ts—NDVI特征空间属性和TVDI指数干旱监测能力，提出了四川伏旱TVDI计算模型、分级标准、和影响评估方法，结果表明：1按最大地表温度原则得到的旬合成数据比按最大植被指数原则得到的旬合成数据具有更强的旱情监测能力；2在Ts—NDVI特征空间中当NDVI较小时干湿边几乎同为水平直线，两者相差约45℃；3TVDI指数因其大小不同而对旱情的监测能力也不一样，较小时说明没有干旱发生，较大时则一定有干旱发生，中间段对干旱的监测具有不确定性；42006年四川伏旱遥感监测与气候监测结果基本一致，农作物受旱面积与饮水困难人口数估算误差在10%以内。

During the intermissive fed-batch process, the feeding medium was added 10 times separately to make the total amount of C and N sources equal to those added in the batch process, and the yield of maduramicin was improved to 9645 μgmL^(-1), which is 15.7% higher than that obtained during the batch process. In the continuous fed-batch process, the maduramicin yield reaches 10328 μgmL^(-1), which is 6.0% higher than that obtained in the intermissive fed-batch process, and is 29.4% higher than that obtained in the batch process.

在间歇补料分批发酵工艺中，分10次补加培养基，使碳、氮源的总浓度与分批发酵相同，马杜霉素发酵单位提高到9645μgmL^(-1)，比分批发酵提高了15.7%；在连续补料分批发酵工艺中，马杜霉素发酵单位可达10328μgmL^(-1)，比间歇补料分批发酵提高了6.0%，比分批发酵提高了29.4%。

Huang Minghua, female, born in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, graduated from Law Department of Hunan University and obtained the degree of bachelor of law in 2005. In 2008, she graduated from Law Department of Xiamen University and obtained the degree of master of law. In 2007, she passed the National Judicial Examination and obtained the professional lawyer's qualification. She is now working as a lawyer in Xiamen Jinchao Law Office.

黄明华，女，福建福州人。2005年毕业于湖南大学法学院，获法学学士学位，2008年毕业于厦门大学法学院，获法学硕士学位。2007年通过国家司法考试，获得法律职业资格，现就职于厦门今朝律师事务所，从事律师工作。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。