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Making use of structural characteristics of the Lower Latitude Meridian Circle and the error theory of this instrument, we have developed a method used to measure directly instantaneous atmospheric refraction, and moreover built a local observational astronomical refraction model toward the east, south, west and north of Yunnan observatory that is classified according to the star's spectral type.

阐述了云南天文台探讨出的利用低纬子午环的观测原理，在不同方向和不同天顶距直接测定瞬时大气折射值的一套方法，并给出了用实测数据在东、南、西、北4个方向建立的按恒星光谱型分类的大气折射实测模型。

All evolutionary phenomena can be explained in a way consistent with known genetic mechanisms and the observational evidence of naturalists.

所有的进化现象都可以用符合已知的遗传机制和博物学观测证据的方式来解释。

In terms of code and phase observables and their observational equations, code multipath observation is derived and discussed.

其中伪距观测值中的多路径效应的分析又分为单频接收机和双频接收机两种情况进行了讨论；而相位观测值中的多路径效应的相关分析是利用相对定位的平差残差进行的。

Methods Will 108 migraines the sufferer is divided in to cure a method for with matched control, treatment a 78 applied pinpricks combination pushing to take cures, matched control 30 applied simplicities takes orally the method treatment of the medicine, contrasting observational two sets clinical curative effect afterward.

目的 观察并研究应用针刺结合推拿治疗偏头痛的临床效果方法将108例偏头痛患者分治疗组和对照组，治疗组78例应用针刺结合推拿的方法治疗，对照组30例应用单纯口服药物的方法治疗，其后对比观察两组的临床疗效。

We summarize the observational and theoretical studies of quasars, and present the results of our studies on the Doppler redshifts of quasars.

本文综述类星体的观测和理论研究现状，详细介绍本人在攻读博士学位期间在类星体多谱勒红移方面的研究工作。

Furthermore Tomasello proposed in the 80s that there are some disparities between the observational learning mechanisms found in humans and great apes - which go some way to explain the observable difference between great ape traditions and human types of culture.

此外，托马塞洛在二十世纪八十年代提出，在人类和类人猿中发现的观察学习机制有些不同，这在一定程度上解释了观察到的大猿传统与人类文化之间的差异。

This paper shows that extra non-real-time data can improve hurricane track forecasts compared with real-time observational data, and that the wind and relative humidity components of the dropsonde data have the greatest impact on the track forecasts.

通过利用UM模式在Debby飓风活动期间，对下投式探空仪所获取探空资料；采用不同使用方案的三个时次共计10次数值试验的结论分析，给出一些有意义的结论，即非实时资料对实时资料的有效补充，能够提高飓风路径预报精度，而在众多气象要素场中，风场和湿度场对飓风路径预报的影响更大。

The main characters in Lightman's stories are the theoretical physicists Albert Einstein, Edward Teller, and Richard Feynman, and the observational astronomer Vera Rubin. Not only is Rutherford absent, but almost all experimental scientists are absent too. The only experimenter who makes an appearance on Lightman's stage is Joseph Weber, a brilliant and tragic figure whose experiments turned out to be wrong. The mainstream experimenters who explored the universe of particles and fields, continuing to play Rutherford's game, taking the watch to pieces to see how it works, do not appear at all.

莱特曼故事中的主角是理论物理学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、爱德华·泰勒、理查德·费曼以及天文观测家维拉·鲁宾，不单卢瑟福缺席了，几乎所有实验科学家都缺席了，莱特曼书中唯一露面的实验科学家是约瑟夫·韦伯，一位才华横溢但悲剧性的角色，他的试验被证明是错的，沿着卢瑟福把物体拆散来研究这一方向对粒子和场世界进行探索的实验科学家的主流根本没有露面。

Historically, astronomy has included disciplines as diverse as astrometry , celestial navigation , observational astronomy, the making of calendars , and even astrology , but professional astronomy is nowadays often considered to be synonymous with astrophysics .

从历史上看，还包括天文学科等不同天体测量学，天文导航，观测天文学，制作日历，甚至占星术，但专业天文学是现在通常被认为是同义词，天体物理学。

METHODS: We analysed data from an observational cohort study, the Fremantle Diabetes Study, specifically,(1) a cross-sectional sample comprising 1,237 FDS participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and (2) a longitudinal subgroup of 531 individuals who had attended six consecutive annual assessments.

我们分析的数据来自一个观察性的队列研究，特别是Fremantle糖尿病研究，(1)由1237名有2型糖尿病的FDS受试者组成的横向样本，和(2)由531名连续6年参与评价的受试者组成的纵向小组。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。