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The results indicate its pituitary belongs to back-abdomen gland; neurohypophysis in the middle; pre-adenohypophysis the front and edge of the back of pituitary with PRL cells and ACTH cells; mesoadenohypophysis middle and behind of back with GH cells, GTH cells and TSH cells; meta-adenohypophysis behind of abdomen with only one kind of secret cells by histology.

结果表明：瓦氏黄颡鱼脑垂体为背腹型腺体。神经垂体居中，前腺垂体位于垂体背面前部和后缘，由PRL细胞和ACTH细胞组成；中腺垂体位于垂体中部及背面后部，包括GH细胞、GTH细胞和TSH细胞，后腺垂体位于垂体腹面后方，组织学研究仅见一种分泌细胞。

These observations show that reprogramming is easier in interspecific embryos reconstructed with ES cells than that reconstructed with somatic cells, and that ES cells have the higher ability to direct the reconstructed embryo development normally than fibroblast cells. Oocytes were reconstructed with outbreeding Kunming albino mouse ES cells and enucleated rabbit oocytes, and the effects of the passages of ES cells and 6-DMAP on the development of interspecific reconstructed oocytes were analyzed. The interspecific reconstructed ES-rabbit oocytes were activated either by combined two set electric pulses and 6-DMAP or by two set electr

以上结果显示，6－DMAP能增加胚胎干细胞异种重构卵的卵裂率，对重构卵囊胚的发育率影响不大；高培养代数和低培养代数的胚胎干细胞用于异种核移植不影响异种重构卵的卵裂率和囊胚发育率；用胚胎干细胞作为供核细胞；比体细胞作为供核细胞所构建的异种重构胚更容易进行重编程，并且胚胎于细胞指导异种克隆胚胎正常发育的能力强于体细胞。

RESULTS: The positive staining cells mostly included ependymal cells of myelocoele, glial cells, motor neurons, and epithelial cells of spinal pia mater. The staining was mainly located on the cell membrane. Most importantly, it displayed certain directivity in the glial cells, mainly at the membrane side contacting with capillary endothelial cells.

结果： 免疫组织化学染色结果显示阳性着色细胞包括有胶质细胞、中央管室管膜上皮细胞、脊髓前角运动神经元、软脊膜上皮细胞，着色部位主要在细胞膜，其中在胶质细胞表现出一定的方向性，主要分布在与毛细血管内皮细胞接触的一侧。

Results Trunk neural crest stem cells were successfully isolated and cultured. The immuocytochemcal result showed that the cells were nestin-and P75-positive. Trunk neural crest stem cells grew through adhering to chitosan fiber after inoculation. Under an electon microscope, the spindle-shaped trunk neural crest stem cells were proliferated and migrated along the fiber. The cells arranged side by side or linked by heads and tails in processes. The ends of S-100 positive cells were flat and expanded, adhering to the fiber as claw-shaped pseudopodium.

结果 采用神经管植块法培养的神经嵴干细胞，免疫细胞化学染色呈现nestin及P75双阳性，将其接种在壳聚糖纤维支架材料上，可见神经嵴干细胞贴附于壳聚糖纤维上生长；S-100免疫细胞化学染色显示，S-100阳性细胞突起的末端呈扁平状膨大；扫描电镜显示，壳聚糖纤维上的躯干神经嵴干细胞为梭形，呈现"端对端"、"肩并肩"排列，伸出爪形伪足贴附于壳聚糖纤维上。

The results showed that (1) the positive staining of ChAT was obviously observed in the cells of the three kinds of human pituitary adenoma, however, it was lower than that in normal human pituitary gland;(2) ACh had a similar effect on the proliferation of the three kinds of human pituitary adenoma cells. ACh at 0.1～10 μmol/L decreased the ［3H］TdR incorporation and the MTT A value in a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, ACh decreased the ratio of S or G2 phase pituitary adenoma cells significantly, but increased the ratio of G1 phase pituitary tumour cells markedly;(3) the effect of acetylcholine on the proliferation of human pituitary adenoma cells was inhibited by atropine, but not by tubocurarine;(4) ACh had no effect on the apoptosis of human pituitary adenoma cells cultured in vitro.

结果发现：(1)三种垂体腺瘤细胞中均有胆碱酯酶的表达，但明显少于正常垂体；(2)ACh对三种类型的人垂体腺瘤细胞增殖代谢的影响相类似，不同浓度的ACh能明显抑制体外培养的三种人垂体腺瘤细胞的增殖，呈明显的剂量效应关系，同时ACh能减少垂体腺瘤细胞进入S、G2期的细胞比例，而使处于G1期的细胞比例增加；(3)ACh的这种作用可被阿托品阻断，但不受筒箭毒的影响；(4)ACh对体外培养的三种人垂体腺瘤细胞凋亡无明显影响。

Tumor cells grew actively in the tumor tissues of the control group. Prodrug therapy group: small amount of tumor cells were denatured vacuously,others were infiltrated by lympholeukocyte,and the growth of tumor cells were surspressed.Prodrug themochemotherapy group: what we can see that tumor cells were denatured vacuously, mesoplasts crinkled, cellular boundary disappered, only a small number of tumor cells remained, fibroblast were seen scatteredly, tumor cells were invaded by a lot of lympholeukocyte and eosinophilic granulocyte. Normal liver tissues, stomach tissues, lung tissues, pancreas tissues, small intestine tissues, large intestine tissues showed normal shape.

对照组肿瘤组织见肿瘤细胞生长活跃；前药治疗组肿瘤组织见有少量细胞空泡变性，少量淋巴细胞浸润，肿瘤细胞生长受到抑制；前药热疗组肿瘤组织可见肿瘤细胞空泡变性，细胞核皱缩，边集甚至消失，仅残留少量肿瘤细胞，并可见散在的成纤维细胞，大量淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞浸润；3组裸鼠正常肝组织、胃、肺、胰腺、小肠、大肠组织均呈正常形态学，无病理性损伤改变。

The granulation index, MDA and activity of SOD in granulated cells were larger than in non-granulated cells; similar to POD's, SOD activity also reduced, but SOD activity in granulated cells of apomictic fruit reached bottom earlier than in non-granulated cells; GSH and ASA of non-granulated cells were higher than those of granulated cells; granulation of Citrus guanxi-miyou might related to disorder of active oxygen metabolism

SOD活性的变化趋势与POD活性相似，但自交果粒化汁胞SOD活性出现最低点时间早于未粒化汁胞；未粒化汁胞GSH 、AsA含量大于粒化汁胞。琯溪蜜柚果实汁胞粒化可能和汁胞的活性氧代谢失调有关。

objective effects of plant tannins,chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin i on chemically induced hemoglobin synthesis in k562 cells were investigated.methods the hemoglobin synthesis situation was assayed with benzidine staining.erythroid antigens glycophorin a expression on the surface of k562 cells was labeled by direct immunofluorescence using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-gpa antibodies.then flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect gpa expression levels on surface of the cells.results both chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin i could inhibit the hemoglobin synthesis of butyric acid and hemin-treated k562 cells in a concentration-dependant manner.however,the ba-induced k562 cells were more sensitive to two tannins than heroin-induced cells.conclusion chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin i have inhibitory effect on the erythroid differentiation.

目的 研究可水解单宁诃子酸和特里马素i对氯化高铁血红素和丁酸钠诱导k562细胞红系分化的影响。方法四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝法分析诃子酸和特里马素i对k562细胞生长的影响，联苯胺染色法检测血红蛋白合成情况，应用免疫荧光和流式细胞术检测血型糖蛋白a在细胞表面的表达。结果诃子酸和特里马素i在0.04～0.09？mmol／l浓度下均可显著抑制k562细胞的生长增殖。2种单宁化合物(0.002～0.01？mmol／l)可显著抑制丁酸钠诱导的k562细胞血红蛋白合成，2种单宁化合物(0.01～0.05？mmol／l)还可显著抑制氯化高铁血红素诱导的血红蛋白合成，特里马素i(0.01？mmol／l)还抑制丁酸钠诱导的gpa在细胞表面表达。结论诃子酸和特里马素i对红系分化有抑制作用。

And Fig. 58 126,128. The lining cells include nonciliated mucous columnar cells, goblet cells, absorptive-type cells, cuboidal cells, and Paneth cells.

衬覆细胞包括：无纤毛的粘液柱状细胞、杯状细胞、吸收细胞、立方细胞和罕见的潘氏细胞。

In the rice leaves infected by RDV Yunnan isolate, the distribution of cells full of virus particles formed a belt which was a center of infection and multiplication of virus, around the cells fall of virus particles were some cells with the different extent of lesion as follows: disappearance of membrane system of chloroplasts, there were virus particles in some chloroplasts, and some sine or assembled virions in the mitochodria or cytoplasma but not in nuclei ,and intact subcellular structure in the cell far away from the infected center; In the rice leaves cell infected by Zhejiang isolate, some cells were full of virions, but the distribution of cells didn't form the belt, other cytopathological characters were similar to the cells infected by Yunnan isolate.

RDV云南分离株浸染的水稻叶片中，充满病毒粒体的细胞呈条带状分布，呈现出明显的侵染和增殖中心，在充满病毒粒体的细胞周围，相邻细胞有不同程度的病变，叶绿体膜系统消失，部分叶绿体中含有病毒颖粒，线粒体残体及细胞质中有分散或聚集的病毒粒体，细胞核中未见病毒粒体，离侵染中心较远的细胞中亚细胞结构较完整；RDV浙江分离株侵染的水稻叶片中，部分细胞充满病毒粒体，无明显的条带状分布，其他细胞病理特征与RDV云南分离株侵染的水稻叶片相似。

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