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In order to study initial stress and ring force transfer between steel plates and concrete in the numerical analysis of RC beam strengthened by bonding steel plates,8 scale-down models of RC beam were manufactured,their loaded whole processes were analyzed by using surface-surface contact analysis method and "birth and death" element method,and a numerical analysis method of strengthening RC beam with initial stress was proposed.

0引言钢板加固钢筋混凝土结构已在国内外受到广泛应用和研究，并且已获得了大量的研究成果，但成果主要来源于室内模型试验。由于受到试验规模的制约，目前所取得的研究成果，特别是试验成果还带有较大的片面性，不能系统地反应其真实的自然规律[1-3]。

The mechanical behavior of Shape Memory Alloys material is tested, and the constitutive model of the SMA is established. A kind of SMA combined rubber isolator is developed, and the isolation effect of the SMA combined rubber isolator for long-span bridge and tall building structures is numerically simulated, from which the adaptive isolation performance and the self-restoring capacity of the SMA combined rubber isolator are verified. A kind of SMA damper is developed, the mechanical behavior of the SMA damper is tested, and the model of restoring force of the SMA damper is established. The theory and method of adaptive control based on the SMA damper for the long-span bridge are built, and the effectiveness and reliability of the adaptive control for the long-span bridge using the SMA damper are verified through numerical simulation and model test. The MRF-04K type magnetorheological damper is developed, the mechanical behavior of the MR damper is tested, and the model of restoring force of the MR damper is established. The theory and method of adaptive control based on the MR damper for the long-span bridge and tall building structures are built, and the effectiveness and reliability of the adaptive control for the long-span bridge and tall building structures using the MR damper are verified through numerical simulation and model test. In addition, the theory and method of sub-structural damage identification for long-span bridge are derived, the influence of soil-structure dynamic interaction on the seismic isolation and control effects with different isolation and control measures and the damage responses and the sliding base-isolation of large structures under the excitation of underground explosion are investigated.

试验研究了形状记忆合金材料的力学性能，建立了SMA材料的本构模型；研制了一种SMA复合橡胶隔震支座，数值仿真分析了应用SMA复合橡胶支座的大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构的隔震效果，从而验证了SMA复合橡胶支座的自适应隔震性能及其震后自恢复能力；研制了一种SMA阻尼器，试验研究了SMA阻尼器的力学性能，建立了SMA阻尼器的恢复力模型，建立了基于SMA阻尼器的大跨桥梁结构自适应控制理论与方法，通过数值仿真与模型试验验证了大跨桥梁结构SMA阻尼器自适应控制的有效性与可靠性；研制了一种MRF-04K型磁流变阻尼器，试验研究了MR阻尼器的力学性能，建立了MR阻尼器的恢复力模型，建立了基于MR阻尼器的大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构的自适应控制理论与方法，通过数值仿真和模型试验验证了大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构MR阻尼器自适应控制的有效性与可靠性；还建立了大跨桥梁结构的子结构损伤识别的理论与方法，研究了土-结构动力相互作用对不同隔震和控制措施的减震控制效果的影响以及地下爆炸波作用下各类大型结构的灾害响应与滑移隔震。

Numerical calculations were accomplished by the directly numerical method of the singular integral equations and a large amount of statistical results were obtained. So the issue of influence was systematically solved.

最后利用奇异积分方程的数值解法进行了数值计算，得到了大量的数值结果，从而系统地解决了一般倾斜裂纹对界面的影响分析。

Several representations of numerical simulation, such as induced curvature, the conditions of first—type limit, second—type limit and singular solution, are presented under continuous and differential conditions. A new system of numerical simulation, which is relative as well as independent to traditional theory, is established.

利用现代微分几何学的活动标架方法对共轭曲面的数学仿真原理进行了深入研究，给出连续可微条件下，共轭条件、一、二类界限条件，奇解点条件及诱导曲率的仿真描述，建立了与传统理论既相联系又相互独立的数字仿真原理新体系。

To all project practicality, the introduction is given to the operational characteristics, the methods for calculation and the researching actuality of the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling underground hydropower stations the Three Gorges. This paper has discussed in detail the characteristic method being the same with the compressive flow and the Priessmann solution being the same with the free-surface-pressure flow. And how to deal with boundary conditions has been expatiated. Also hydraulic transient process of tremendous load fluctuation in the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling has been numerical simulated and the Fortran program for numerical simulation has been given. The paper gain the maximal press for tail end of the shell, the maximal rising rate of rotational speed of generating set, the maximal vacuum degree for inlet of the tail tunnels and so on under 11 kinds conditions of tremendous load fluctuation. These conditions include the design conditions, the check conditions and the superposition conditions. Finally, the computing results have been analyzed and summarized. The end chapter is the general comment of the whole-length content and the describing of the intending view of researching.

本文以三峡右岸地下电站尾水洞设计为背景，从工程实际出发，阐述了变顶高尾水洞的工作特性、使用范围及其研究现状；详细论述了适用有压流的特征线法、适用明满交替流的普里斯曼解法等数学模型；边界条件的给定和明满交替流的计算方法；用Fonran语言编制了数值计算程序，对三峡右岸地下电站变顶高尾水洞的大波动工况进行了数值模拟，分别得出了在设计工况、校核工况和叠加工况下蜗壳末端最大压力上升值、机组最大转速上升值和尾水管进口最大真空度等重要参数；对数值计算结果进行了详细分析并得出了有价值的结论；最后展望了今后水电站变顶高尾水洞的研究方向。

In order to use numerical predictive products effectively, to enhance the ability of explaining middle-scale numerical predictive (MM5) model, and improe short-term disaster weather forecast, a diagnosis of a heavy snow-storm from Jan. 18 to Jan. 19, 2006 was made with the non-geostrophic wet Q-vector theory.

为了有效利用数值预报产品，提高中尺度数值预报模式MM5的释用能力，做好灾害性天气的预报，引用非地转湿Q矢量理论对2006年1月18-19日宁夏北部一次强降雪过程进行了诊断分析。

After a brief summary of the research developments in particle average collision kernel model, correlated mathematic models and numerical simulation algorithms, direct numerical simulations were conducted to study particle collisions in a stationary isotropic homogeneous turbulent flow, with the aim to investigate the influence of turbulence on particle collision kernels of various finite-inertia particles.

本文在系统总结有关颗粒平均碰撞核函数的研究进展和相关数学模型的基础上，基于高效的后溯法来检测碰撞，首先对Reλ约为51均匀各向同性湍流内St_k (St_k=τ_p/τ_k)为0到10的有限惯性颗粒的碰撞行为进行了直接数值模拟，研究了湍流对有限惯性颗粒碰撞的影响。

The numerical calculation commonly used for the Delphi process more than 100, including solutions of linear algebraic equations, interpolation, numerical integration, special, function approximation, eigenvalue problems, data fitting equation Root and solve nonlinear equations, functions and the extreme optimization, statistical data description, Fourier transform spectra, solution of ordinary differential equations reconciliation partial differential equations.

本书共有数值计算中常用的Delphi子过程100多个，内容包括解线性代数方程组、插值、数值积分、特殊函数、函数逼近、特征值问题、数据拟合、方程求根和非线性方程组求解、函数的极值和最优化、数据的统计描述、傅里叶变换谱方法、解常微分方程组和解偏微分方程组。

The relationship between asthenia syndrome and IgG 、 C3 in blood: As far as the survey data is concerned, the numerical value of IgG in asthenia-sthenia syndrome is lower than which in asthenia syndrome with sthenia and pure asthenia syndrome, the numerical value of IgG in asthenia syndrome groups are at the below edge of normal value.

本研究资料MsPGN中医证型与外周血IgG、C3的关系：虚实并重证组外周血IgG低于虚证夹实、单纯虚证两组，虚证各组的IgG处于正常值下限的边缘；阳虚证组外周血C3低于气虚证、阴虚证、阳气亏虚证三组。

A testing model of strap-on rocket consisted of a central stage surrounded with four boosters is computed, the numerical results obtained are compared with the experimental results and available numerical results using multi-beam approximation.

对一个芯级捆绑四个助推级的捆绑式火箭模型进行了计算，并将计算结果与已有的实验结果和多梁模型计算结果作了比较。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。