查询词典 nucleus amygdalae

The situation of abnormal development of male cells is as follows:microspore mother cell can't enter into meiosis because of intense vacuolation,shrink and disintegration of its cytoplasm;although vacuolated microspore mother cell can enter into meiosis,it can't form normal dyad and degenerate in the middle process;dyad and tetrad become vacuolated and can't develop normally;cytoplasm of microspore shrinks around the nucleus at the stage of central nucleus microspore,the shape of microspore is twisted into crescent or irregular shape,at last its cytoplasm and nucleus are disintegrated and crescent vacant microspore presents;nutritive substances can't be accumulated at the stage of vacuolated microspore,cytoplasm is disintegrated,and microspore turns into a big vacant pollen.

雄性细胞异常发育有几种情况：小孢子母细胞强烈液泡化，细胞质收缩解体，不能进入减数分裂；小孢子母细胞液泡化，虽能进入减数分裂，但不能形成正常二分体而中途退化；二分体、四分体细胞液泡化，不能进行正常发育；单核小孢子中央期，细胞质收缩包围核，小孢子形状扭曲呈月牙形或不规则形，最终细胞质和核解体而呈月牙形的空壳小孢子；单核液泡期的小孢子不能积聚营养物质，细胞质解体而成为大的空壳花粉粒。

To explain relationship between the effect of CLD on senile Demention and neuron in hippocampal area. The change of natural aging mice's neuron in hippocampal area were studied by applying microscope and transilluminating electric microscope. Results: Comparing with the young control, the old control mice's hippocampus had less small pyramid cells, the nerve cells denaturalizing and their branches reducing in the microscope. Hippocampal nerve cells were degenemiceing, with nucleus membrance crinkling like wave shape were not clear, and chromatin condensing with high electron density, heterochromatin accruing, part cell organs inclosing nucleus, nucleus condensing in the EM.

为了阐明菖龙丹抗老年性痴呆作用与海马区神经元结构的关系，运用光镜和透射电镜观察了菖龙丹对自然衰老小鼠海马区形态的影响，结果显示老年对照组小鼠光镜下海马锥体细胞较青年对照组数量减少，细胞体积变小，神经元变性，分枝减少；电镜下海马神经细胞发生退化改变，核膜皱缩，呈波浪状，膜结构不清晰，核染色质浓缩，电子密度高，异染色质较多，部分胞浆细胞器向细胞核聚集，有的可见细胞核固缩。

Stage I of both male and female stone flounder appears only once in all its life, and the germ cells are comprised by spermatogonia or oogonia. The gonad from Mar to Aug keeps at stage II. The gonad index of testis at this stage is 0.037%, and the amount of spermatogonia is increased quickly. There is some linear germ plasm in the cytoplasm of spermatogina. In ovary at this stage it is mostly composed by oocyte of phase 2 which the character is the appearance of yolk nucleus, and no zona radiate in membrane. The mean GI of ovary is 1.95%. From Sep to Oct gonad is at stage III which testis is composed by lots of spermatogina and few spermatocytes, and the mean GI of testis at this stage is 0.086%. In ovary the ooctyes at phase 3 are in dominate position, the yolk nucleus disappear. And the GI of this stage is 3.35%. Both testis and ovary are at stage IV in Nov. hi testis the germ cells are in spermiogenesis, and the mean GI is 0.93%. hi ovary the oocytes are mostly at phase 4, which are filled in the cytoplasm with vitellin granule, and the zona radiate in membrane begins to formation. Nucleus moves to one side of the oocyte gradually. The mean GI of ovary at this stage is 9.37%.

在每年的3月-8月期间性腺处于Ⅱ期，此期精巢中精原细胞明显增多，胞质局部可见有线状的生殖质存在，平均成熟系数为0.037％；卵巢中以2时相卵母细胞为主，可见细胞质中出现强嗜碱性的卵黄核，细胞外由一层滤泡细胞包围，但尚无放射带，平均成熟系数为1.95％。9月-10月期间性腺处于Ⅲ期，此期精巢中仍有大量精原细胞，同时可见部分精母细胞，平均成熟系数为0.086％；卵巢中以3时石鲜孟加限加$玩印面n洲匆s性腺发生、分化及发育的周年变化相卵母细胞为主，细胞质中的卵黄核己消失，平均成熟系数为3.35%。11月性腺处于IV期，此期精巢内精细胞正处于不同的形成过程中，平均成熟系数为0.93%；卵巢中以4时相卵母细胞为主，胞质中充满染成桔红色的卵黄颗粒。

Cell bodies in the nucleus intermedius and the most anterior of nucleus motorius dorsalis nervi vagi et nucleus nervi glossopharyngei were labeled.

分别在延髓的内侧核(Nucleus intermediu，简称IM)和舌咽—迷走神经背运动核(Nucleus motorius dorsalis vagi nervi et nucleus nervi glossopharyngei，简称nⅨ—Ⅹ)的最首端获得标记细胞。

Hypothalamus, paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus and amygdaloid nucleus. Conclusion: Above mentioned nuclei might involve in rat abdomino pain which is caused by peritoneal noxious stimulation, which offers groundwork of experiment for further studying killing pain with nervous biology.

T6~L3脊髓后角、延髓孤束核、臂旁核、蓝斑核、下丘脑、室旁核、视上核、杏仁核与大鼠腹膜伤害性刺激造成的腹痛有关，本研究为进一步进行神经生物学研究镇痛机制提供了实验依据。

On the other hand, the imaginary part of our potential between kaon and nucleus is similar to that between nucleon and nucleus, but the real part of the potential between kaon and nucleus is much deeper and narrower in radial distribution.

另外，与核子-核势相比较，对于虚部势，K核的WoodsSaxon势与核子-核的很相似，但是对于实部，K核势要更深更窄一些。

Fulwiler CE, Saper CP. Subnuclear organization of the efferent connections of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat. Brian Res 1984;319:229-259.[2]Herbert H, Moga MM, Saper CB. Connections of the parabrachial nucleus with the nucleus of the solitary tract and the medullary reticular formation in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1990;293:540-580.[3]Slugg RM, Light R.

三叉神经脊束间质核(interstitial nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract， INV)为位于延髓闩平面附近三叉神经脊束内及其周围的一些核团，由中、小型梭形、圆形或卵圆形细胞组成，经三叉神经的分支和迷走、舌咽神经接受外周内脏和躯体感觉信息[6，7]。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

To study the effects on the body of animals after incorporation of 3H-TdR and its mechanism, the laws of distribution A retention and absorbed dose in blood , thymus, spleen, femur, heart, lung,kidney, liver, brain , spermary , small intestine and muscle were detected by liquid scintillation counter after 3H-TdR was injected into the tail vein of mouse; the process of dynamic incorporation of in the lymphocytic cell nucleus of blood , thymus , spleen and the nucleus of femur was monitored; the absorbed dose in the cell nucleus was estimated; the influence to RNA"s synthesizing and cell"s survival was observed using the technology of CLSM; A segment of Egr-1 gene was cloned with reverse transcriptase- polymerase chained reaction, the influence to the expression of Egr-1 gene in the spleen cells was observed.

为了探讨有机结合氚内污染对生物机体的影响及其作用机理，本课题应用均相液体闪烁测量技术研究了氚标记胸腺嘧啶核苷(~3H-TdR)经尾静脉注入小鼠机体后，在血液、脑、胸腺、心脏、肺脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、小肠、睾丸、肌肉和股骨共12种组织器官的生物动力学分布规律及其吸收剂量；应用纸片法液体闪烁测量技术研究了~3H-TdR内污染在外周血、胸腺和脾脏淋巴细胞及骨髓细胞的动态滞留规律，估算了细胞核的吸收剂量；应用共聚焦显微镜观察了~3H-TdR内污染对脾细胞核酸合成及其存活率的作用，应用反转录PCR技术研究了~3H-TdR内污染对脾细胞早期生长反应基因-1(Egr-1)转录表达的影响。

Her amygdalae will agnail when she catches a cold .

她一感冒，扁桃腺就会发炎。

Based on the relationship and the phenomenon model, an improved model of MR damper has been presented in this paper.

摘 要：本文在实验数据的基础上建立了磁流变阻尼器输出力与不同常电流控制量的关系，对现有的 p模型进行了改进。

I don't think our founding fathers were very fuckable.

我认为我们的开国元老没什么吸引力