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However, the rationality of the notion cannot be neglected. Its rationality lies in the fact that truth is concrete, and is a process, and has the effectiveness for a given period of time. Pragmatism notion of truth defies the rigid truth notion of abstractionism and dogmatism, and it advocates a difference between the sheer subjective feeling and the objective existence. As a result, it expands the conten...

实用主义真理观的合理性在于：它强调真理是具体的，是一个过程，具有"时效"性，反对抽象主义的、形而上学的、僵死的真理观，主张把纯粹的主观感觉与客体自在属性相区分，拓展了价值论在现代哲学认知理论中的含量。

The notion of affine quadratic stability is proposed for uncertain delayed systems. Based on such a notion, methods of robust stability and robust H〓 performance analysis for uncertain linear delayed systems with affine parameter uncertainty are developed by using linear matrix inequalities.

本章提出了不确定时滞系统仿射二次稳定的概念，对于具有仿射参数不确定性的线性时滞系统，基于仿射二次稳定概念，利用线性矩阵不等式给出了鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒H〓性能分析方法。

But we have not very far to move onwards before we come to a period at which the notion of a Contract has disengaged itself from the notion of a Conveyance.

但经过不多时候，我们到达了这样一个时期，当时一个"契约"的观念又被从一个"让与"的观念中分离了出来。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

Similar to the notion of behavioral subtyping in object-oriented language,a notion of crosscutting invariant is proposed.

类似面向对象语言中的行为子类型概念，引入横切不变性概念。

Consciousness does indeed destroy the content as an alien immediacy when it thinks it; but the Notion is a determinate Notion, and this determinateness of the Notion is the alien element which it has within it.

贺译（ p135）：意识的内容既然是思维的对象，当然它取消了作为异己存在的内容，不过这概念既是特定的概念，而概念的这种特定性就是它里面所包含的异己内容。

The author tried to penetrate the subject's essential property, not only in sight of science, but also in sight of human studies, giving analysis to the subject's characteristics, developing the notion,"the subject, management science, is an entia of both science and human studies", and further more, to figure out the right methodology of the subject which is influenced by the notion of the subject's property.

本文从科学和人文的角度分别对管理学的学科属性做出了审视，分析了管理学的学科特征，提出管理学是"科学与人文统一体"，进而探讨了这一特质所决定的学科方法论问题。

To further understand and correctly master the notion of marginal spectrum in Hibert-huang transform, the linear property of marginal spectrum is demonstrated, an mistake to the notion of marginal spectrum in some documents is pointed out, and a new viewpoint about the essential difference between marginal spectrum and Fourier frequency spectrum is put forward by which the amplitude of Fourier frequency spectrum only represents the probability that a frequency objectively exists in a signal while the amplitude of marginal spectrum decides whether a frequency objectively exists in a signal.

为了深入理解和正确掌握希尔伯特－黄变换（Hilbert-Huang Transform，简称HHT）中的边际讲概念，证明了边际谱的线性性质，指出了文献中对边际谱概念的一种误解，提出了边际普与Fourier频谱之间本质区别的一种的新观点，即Fourier频谱的幅值只能反映频率在信号中实际存在的可能性大小，而边际谱的幅值则能真实反映频率在信号中是否存在。

The general evolution of Roman Law credit notion can be divided into three stages:t ransition from personal credit to property credit;coexisting pattern of credit notion and patria potestas notion;extension and development of Roman Law credit notion.

罗马法债权理念发展的一般历程分为三个阶段，即，人身性债权向财产性债权的过渡形成、债权理念与家父权理念的并存格局，以及罗马法债权理念的扩充发展。

The important undefined semantical notion in the theory is that of satisfaction which relates sentences, open or closed, to infinite sequences of objects, which may be taken to belong to the range of variables of the object language.

在这个理论里重要但未定义的语义notion是'关联语句和无限对象无限序列（——这可以被作为属于对象语言的变量范围）的satisfaction'。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。